Topic 4. The Problems Facing the Customs Administrations of Today

A законодательство по вопросам здравоохранения

B законодательство по вопросам общественной безопасности

C законодательство по вопросам фальсификаций и нарушений авторских прав

D нарушение таможенных правил путем обмана

E невыполнение своих обязанностей

F незаконное перемещение товаров через границу

G пресечение провоза контрабанды

H преференциальные торговые соглашения

I рост мошенничества

J статистика внешней торговли

K увеличение нагрузки

L уклонение от уплаты налогов

1. preferential

2. public (x 2)

3. counterfeiting and piracy

4. external trade

5. evasion

6. circumvention

7. failure to carry out

8. spread

9. increased workload

10. illegal cross-border movement of goods

11. preventing smuggling

1. trade agreement

2. health legislation

3. safety legislation

4. legislation

5. statistics

6. of duties

7. of the Customs law

8. one’s responsibilities

9. of fraud

1. What is the status of the Customs world-wide?

1. It’s an important government department.

2. What are some of the traditional responsibilities of the Customs?

2. The traditional ones include collecting duties and taxes and preventing smuggling.

3. In recent times international trade and traffic have increased significantly. What are some of the added responsibilities aimed at protecting national economies?

3. Customs are responsible for the enforcement of commercial policy through the implementation of preferential trade agreements and the application of quotas and restrictions.

4. What are some of the non-traditional areas in which Customs are now involved?

4. They include such diverse tasks as immigration control, the application of public health and safety legislation, quarantine control, currency controls, counterfeiting and piracy legislation, the collection of external trade statistics.

5. In what way does the application of added responsibilities affect Customs regulations?

5. They are becoming more complex. Tariff books and procedure manuals are becoming more detailed.

6. How do added responsibilities of the Customs service affect the job of a Customs officer?

6. Increasing international trade and more sophisticated tariffs mean increased workload for Customs officials. In some countries it is becoming difficult for Customs officers to keep informed about all existing import regulations.

7. How might the inefficient Customs Services affect their national economies?

7. The manner in which Customs Services conduct their business has a substantial impact on trade efficiency. Failure to carry out their responsibilities provides increased opportunities for the circumvention of the Customs law.

8. What are the recent trends in illegal practices national Customs Services have to deal with?

8. The spread of fraud, evasion of duties and smuggling, that’s illegal cross-border movement of goods and narcotics.

9. How can Customs Services meet the increased workload and the increased enforcement problem?

9. By better organization, and employee training, modernization and improved techniques including computerization and new technology – making maximum use of data processing techniques and electronic data interchange methods.

A активно содействовать сотрудничеству

B в условиях современного бизнеса

C идти в ногу с техническим прогрессом

D изучение времени, затрачиваемого на доставку груза

E многоцелевая классификация

F нарушения в торговом обороте

G независимая межправительственная организация.

H обработка ввозимых и вывозимых из страны товаров

I отмывание денег

J оценка существующей ситуации

K постоянно совершенствоваться

L региональная организация

M регулирование торговли

N режим временного ввоза

O связи с общественностью

P Совет по таможенному сотрудничеству

Q совещания по различным вопросам

R справляться с трудностями

S технические приёмы работы по борьбе с наркотиками

T целеполагание

1. assessment

2. be continuously

3. cargo time

4. commercial

5. Customs

6. drug

7. in the modern business

8. independent

9. inward and outward

10. keep in step

11. meet

12. meetings

13. money

14. multipurpose

15. promote

16. public

17. regional

18. setting

19. temporary

20. trade

1. nomenclature

2. admission

3. cooperation

4. Cooperation Council

5. delivery study

6. enforcement techniques

7. environment

8. fraud

9. goals

10. intergovernmental body

11. laundering

12. of the current situation

13. on varied subjects

14. organisation

15. processing

16. regulation

17. relations

18. the challenge

19. updated

20. with technical progress

1. When was the Customs Cooperation Council founded?

1. It was founded in 1950 as a regional organisation. Now it is an independent intergovernmental body with worldwide membership. Its members are practically all the Customs Services in the world. It has 142 members.

2. What is the aim of the World Customs Organization?

2. The aim of the organization is to enahnce the effectiveness and efficiency of Customs administrations in the areas of trade regulation, protection of society and revenue collection.

3. What are the activities of the WCO?

3. It organises up to 50 meetings a year on varied subjects such as drug enforcement techniques, training methodologies, public relations, automation, and classification of goods in the Harmonized System. It also carries out numerous studies on different issues.

4. What studies has the WCO recently carried out ?

4. It carried out studies on such issues as importation, exportation, duty-free admission, inward and outward processing, transit, warehousing, temporary admission. These studies resulted in a series of conventions and recommendations designed to solve specific customs problems.

5. What is the Harmonised System?

5. It is a systematic classification of goods based on technological data. The Harmonised System is both a multipurpose 6-digit nomenclature and a structural nomenclature based on a series of subdivided 4-digit headings. It can be used for the purpose of tariff classification and a variety of other purposes.

6. When was the Harmonized System introduced?

6. In 1983, when an international convention was established for its implementation.

7. May it have gone outdated since then?

7. A good nomenclature must be continuously updated, be kept in step with technical progress and abreast of current changes and requirements. The WCO helps its members maintain the HS at peak performance level.

8. What projects are carried out by the WCO today?

8. The WCO has a number of urgent projects which demand its attention: a cargo time delivery study, working with Customs administrations against money laundering, commercial fraud, narcotics interdiction and other projects.

9. How does the WCO help its members to meet the challenges of the modern business environment and to adapt to changing circumstances?

9. By promoting cooperation among its members and sharing of best practices through its Customs Reform and Modernization Programme (CMP).

10. How can the CMP Programme help Customs administrations (to) become more efficient, effective and economic?

10. The Programme includes assessment of the current situation, setting goals, designing a plan for improvement, and putting it into action and testing its effectiveness.