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Exploratory task 1.15

Choose the most suitable word to connect to the following sentences.

  1. The hotel is quite expensive. It is … beyond the reach of our customers.

  2. The resort is well worth a visit. … the beach is rocky, it is stunningly beautiful.

  3. The night life is exciting. … the resort is perhaps a little too noisy for families with small children.

  4. The service in the restaurant was not up to the standard. … the food itself was superb.

  5. the noise, I was also annoyed by the lack of attention from the staff.

  6. As for the bar staffs, they are patient and efficient, … breakfast was never late.

  7. I found the lawns beautiful, … I have never seen anything in my life-time.

  8. The hills around are rather steep … the mountains, which I did not dare to climb.

  9. Something can certainly be done to improve the place, … one may speak to the owner on the vegetarian food and better paths.

  10. There were some problems as you can see … on balance I would thoroughly recommend the hotel.

Besides “cohesion”, the process of writing follows a certain thread of meaning towards a conclusive goal. The final goal in mind makes the whole text "hang together" and adds to it the quality of coherence (Nunan, D. 1993. A coherent discourse possesses a full and whole propositional meaning. One of the ways to teach “cohesion” is working with paragraphs that can be descriptive, narrative and persuasive.

Exploratory task 1.16

Using the format of the “descriptive paragraph” , write a description of a new purchase you have recently made. Do not name it! Let your partners make a guess from description

Topic Sentence:

Gives the main impression of the scene, object, or person.

Supporting Details:

Give the details that lead to the main impression. These details are usually arranged in a logical, spatial sequence (e.g., top to bottom, left to right).

Concluding Sentence:

Summarizes or emphasizes the overall impression.

My New Purchase

To draft and redraft a paragraph the following frequently used steps are recommended to students:

  • Shape your paragraph (decide on the length and write in clear sentences)

  • Vary examples (illustrate your idea in a variety of ways)

  • Give explanations (make your point explicit)

  • Make the paragraph cohesive (use cohesive devices)

  • Make the paragraph logical (next idea taking up the previous one)

  • Make the paragraph coherent (united by a clear central idea)

  • Frame your paragraph with the opening and conclusive phrases

Exploratory task 1.17

Divide the following text into paragraphs (correct the syntax too). Redraft it as recommended above.

the character I like most is the heroine herself she is the opposite of the helpless limp heroines of many love stories in fact the way she faces disaster makes her in many ways a modern woman as a child she is already passionately strong-willed this is partly why she went to boarding school where she is treated appallingly but her spirit is never broken after she leaves school she finds work as a governess and falls in love with a mysterious brooding quick-tempered man stung by his cruelty she declares her love for him when she discovered that he is already married she does not become self-pitying or bitter with typical courage and determination she sets out to find the right path it's a brilliant study of a sensitive intelligent and fiercely independent woman

An important aspect of teaching to write as a communicative skill is audience design, i.e. adjusting one's writing to the real or imagined readers (Spolsky, B. 1998. P. 33). A writer can choose a topic that will be interesting for the reader, an appropriate style for the audience. A writer can highlight textual elements to draw reader's attention to them. in conclusion.

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