Advantages of Computer Data Processing.

Computer-oriented data processing systems or just computer data processing systems are not designed to imitate manual systems. They should combine the capabilities of both humans and computers. Computer data processing systems can be designed to take advantage of four capabilities of computers.

1. Accuracy. Once data have been entered correctly into the computer component of a data processing system, the need for further manipulation by humans is eliminated, and the possibility of error is reduced. Computers, when properly programmed, are also unlikely to make computational errors. Of course, computer systems remain vulnerable to the entry by humans of invalid data.

2. Ease of communications. Data, once entered, can be transmitted wherever needed by communications networks. These may be either earth or satellite-based systems. A travel reservations systems is an example of a data communications network. Reservation clerks throughout the world may make an enquiry about transportation or lodgings and receive an almost instant response. Another example is an office communications systems that provides executives with access to a reservoir of data, called a corporate data base, from their personal microcomputer work stations.

3. Capacity of storage. Computers are able to store vast amounts of information, to organize it, and to retrieve it in ways that are far beyond the capabilities of humans. The amount of data that can be stored on devices such as magnetic disks is constantly increasing. All the while, the cost per character of data stored is decreasing.

4. Speed. The speed, at which computer data processing systems can respond, adds to their value. For example, the travel reservations system mentioned above would not be useful if clients had to wait more than a few seconds for a response. The response required might be a fraction of a second.

Thus, an important objective in the design of computer data processing systems is to allow computers to do what they do best and to free humans from routine, error-prone tasks. The most cost-effective computer data processing systems is the one that does the job effectively and at the least cost. By using computers in a cost-effective manner, we will be better able to respond to the challenges and opportunities of our post-industrial, information-dependent society.

**9. Comprehension questions.

1. What capabilities should data-processing systems combine when designed?

2. What are the main advantages of computers?

3. What do you know of computer accuracy?

4. What is the function of communication networks?

5. Give examples of data communication network.

6. What do you understand by capacity storage?

7. What other values of computer data processing do you know?

8. What is an important objective in the design of computer data processing systems?

9. What is the most effective computer data processing system?

10. What is the best way of responding to the challenges and opportunities of our post-industrial society?

*10. Finish the following sentences according to the content of the text and translate them.

1 Computer data processing systems ... .

2 Once data have been entered correctly … .

3 Computers, when properly programmed, … .

4 A travel reservation system is … .

5 Another example is … .

6 The speed, at which computer data processing … .

7 An important objective in the design … .

**11. Find in the text the English equivalents to the following word – combinations:

Система обробки інформації комп’ютером; система орієнтування на обробітку даних комп’ютером; сполучать можливість людини і машини; обмежувати керування; навряд чи допустіть помилку; залишатися уразливим; недопустимі данні; легкість здійснення зв’язку; сеть передачі інформації; системи засновані на використаних супутниках; службові по резервуванню житла; отримати мгновену відповідь; наводити довідки; сховище даних; корпоративна база даних; об’єм пом’яти; запам’ятовувати велику кількість інформації; добувати інформацію; добавити значення; згадане вище; доля хвилини; схильний до помилок; економічні виправдання.

**12. Read the following word – combinations to understand and match them with the titles given below. Choose the right variant to state the advantages of computers.

Accuracy Ease of Communications Data Storage Speed

- To take advantage of computer’s abilities;

- Not to make computational errors;

- Data communication network;

- To receive instant response;

- Reservation systems;

- To eliminate human’s manipulation;

- To reduce the possibility of error;

- To do job effectively;

- To free humans from routine, error-prone tasks;

- To store information on magnetic discs;

- To organize and retrieve information in the best way;

- To store a vast amount of information;

- To provide users with access to a data reservoir;

- To respond to the challenges and opportunities of our information-dependent society.

**13. Fill in table to talk about the advantages of data processing system for computer users. Work in teams A and B. make up your story.

Information-dependent spheres.	Educational students’ activities.

*14. Choose the right variant of your answers paying attention to the meaning of verb forms in the Active Voice.

Write a project on the topic:

1 Computer data processing system _______ (frees; responds; eliminates) humans from routine error-prone tasks.

2 Computers can store vast amount of information to organize it and _______ (to travel; to retrieve; to respond) it.

3 An office communications system _______ (provided; processed; sent) our executives with access to a reservoir of data base.

4 The amount of data stored on magnetic discs is constantly _______ (increasing; decreasing; eliminating)

5 Dr. john Neumann, professor of mathematics _______ (developed; created; operated) the concept of storing instructions as well as data in the memory of the computer.

6 We hope, the company _______ (will make; does; provide) an enquiry about transportation or lording next month.

**15. Put the verbs in brackets into the required tense form of Active or Passive Voice.

1 The entered data can _______ (to transmit) by communications networks.

2 The possibility of error _______ (to reduce) if data _______ correctly (to put) into the data processing system.

3 As soon as data ______ (to enter) into the system correctly, the human manipulation _______ (to limit).

4 Computer systems _______ (to be) vulnerable to the entry of invalid data.

5 Computers finally _______ (to enter) the wider world 1951 with the invention of first UNIVAC-I

6 A range of modern computers _______ (to house) in the travel reservation Centre.

7 Vast amount of information _______ (store) now on magnetic discs.

**16. Transfer the given sentence form Active into Passive Voice.

1 We process data to become useful information.

2 Computers replace people in dull routine work.

3 Computer-controlled robots increased the productivity of industry.

4 The cost per character of data stored is decreasing.

5 The computer gave the information in a few seconds.

6 With the help of computers we will better overcome the difficulties of our everyday life.

7 While the experiment the computer was doing the job effectively.

**17. Answer the questions, using the information of the text.

1. What capabilities should data-processing systems combine when designed?

2. What are the main advantages of computers?

3. What do you know of computer accuracy?

4. What is the function of communication networks?

5. Give examples of data communication network.

6. What do you understand by capacity storage?

7. What other values of computer data processing do you know?

8. What is an important objective in the design of computer data processing systems?

9. What is the most effective computer data processing system?

10. What is the best way of responding to the challenges and opportunities of our post-industrial society?

**18. Fill in the right variant of your answer:

1.Computer data _______ system frees human from routine error-prone tasks.

a) counting; b)computing; c)processing.

2.Computers can store vast amount of information to organize it and _______ it.

a) to travel; b)to retrieve; c) to respond.

3.The entered data can be transmitted by _______ networks.

a) communications; b)conversations; c)procession.

4.The possibility of _______ is reduced if data were correctly put into the data processing system.

a) character; b)access; c)error.

5.Computer data processing systems can _______ at a fraction of a second.

a) receive; b)respond; c)retrieve.