13. Intonation of Warnings and Suggestions.

Sometimes we need to point out danger, so we give warning with FRD/FRU. Often it is hard to say what is a warning and what is a piece of advice for example fraise with ‘If I were you’ with FRD. They can be difficult to distinguish. Suggestions in the form of questions take the same intonation as true questions. Suggestions beginning with Let’s have the same intonation as Orders and WH-questions: Stepping Head +HF. When we want to suggest an alternative or another possibility we can use Unless at the beginning of the sentence using Stepping Head+ FRU (on nuclear word). Of course, this is friendly and soft suggestion. When we have always in the sentence we should remember that the highest point is on the al of always, on the other words – MSt and FR.

14. Intonation of Hopes and Wishes.

If we want to express hope usually we say: ‘I hope’ with HSt+FR. But also we can express hops with Let’s hope especially when two people hope for the same thing with HSt and High partial on hope. I do hope is stronger than I hope and in this fraise we can use HSt+HP/HStE+HSt/HF+LP. If you want to express a hope that you know will not come true, really a dream than a hope you can use I wish with HSt and FR. There is moving the stress from one word to another on the main idea. Sometimes we use I wish when we are a bit annoyed with HSt+MStH+HF/FR. Another way of introducing a wish is If only… This expresses a very strong feeling and is followed by HSt+HF. You can use If only… in the same way as I wish … when someone is doing something annoyimg and you want them to stop; don’t forget to use would. Another case where we don’t use the FR intonation for hopes and wishes is when the sentence begins: I hope to… or I wish to… etc. when we mean actually I plan and then we use HF. In formal and official situation we can use I wish to… with HF. It sound angry and insistent.

15. Intonation of Question Tags and Echo-Questions.

Question Tags always have a verb like be, have, must, can, do – in other words the kind of verb that can be the first word in a yes/no question. When we are sure that we are right we should use HF+ LF/MF. And in this sentences we see comma, when it is written down but we don’t here it. When we express orders or warnings by sentences with question-tags we should use HF+LF/MF. The same falling intonation is used on won’t you and will you as reassuring fraise after orders and warnings. Tags very often rise, too. There is in tag-questions expressing uncertainty. In such cases we use HF+HWR/LWR (for friends). All the tags so far have been negative-positive or positive-negative. But although negative-negative never occurs, we do find positive-positive tags. Positive-Positive are always rise (HWR/LWR). This kind of kind of tags shows great interest and sometimes little irony. The other common types of rising tag are fraises with Let’s+shall and offers and suggestions. Don’t confuse question tags with true short questions which are used with HWR/LWR on the pronoun. Next we will look at Echo-Questions in which we use HWR too, but on the auxiliary verb. If you say Really? Is that true? Oh? the meaning would be the same. Sometimes we need to show more that just interest and we use HF in such questions. But there is a sharp rise before the fall. You will find that a rise-fall like this always shows special interest. sometimes with a bit suspicion, irony, humor. And sometimes this intonation shows that you are very impressed by someone. These Echo-Questions look like questions, but really they are not.