1. Aphrodite, 2. Ares, 3. Artemis, 4. Athena, 5. Eros, 6. Hades, 7. Hephaestus, 8. Hera, 9. Heracles, 10. Hermes, 11. Hestia, 12. Poseidon
a) Cupid, b) Diana, c) Hercules, d) Juno, e) Mars, f) Mercury, g) Minerva, h) Neptune, i) Pluto, j) Venus, k) Vesta, l) Vulcan
Exercise 13. Choose the twelve Olympians from the list to label the pictures. Give a short information about each of the principal deities of the Greek pantheon.
1. Aphrodite, 2. Apollo, 3. Ares, 4. Artemis, 5. Athena, 6. Demeter, 7. Hephaestus, 8. Hera, 9. Hermes, 10. Hestia, 11. Poseidon, 12. Zeus
|
a) ………………… |
b) …………………. |
c) …………………. |
d) ……………… |
|
e) …………………. |
f) ……………………. |
g) …………………… |
h)…………………… |
|
i) …………………….. |
j) ………………….. |
k) ………………….. |
l) …………………… |
Exercise 14. Match the list of proper names with the best definition. Translate and explain the words in bold.
a) Alexander the Great, b) Aristotle, c) Democritus, d) Diocletian, e) Euclid, f) Pericles, g) Philip II of Macedon, h) Pythagoras, i) Solon, j) Sulla
|
Aristotle (384-322BC) |
1. A prominent and influential statesman, orator, and general of Athens during the city's Golden Age - specifically, the time between the Persian and Peloponnesian wars (495 – 429 BC). 2. A Greek philosopher and polymath, a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great. His writings cover many subjects, including physics, metaphysics, poetry, theater, music, logic, rhetoric, linguistics, politics, government, ethics, biology, and zoology (384 – 322 BC). 3. An Ionian Greek philosopher, mathematician, and founder of the religious movement called Pythagoreanism (570 – 495 BC). 4. A Greek mathematician often referred to as the "Father of Geometry". |
|
Plato (424-348 BC) |
5. An Athenian statesman, lawmaker, and poet. His reforms failed in the short term, yet he is often credited with having laid the foundations for Athenian democracy (638 BC – 558 BC). 6. A Roman general and statesman; he was one of the canonical great men of Roman history, included in the biographical collections of leading generals and politicians (138 BC – 78 BC). 7. A Greek king of Macedon, a state in northern ancient Greece. Born in Pella in 356 BC, Alexander was tutored by Aristotle until the age of 16 (356 – 323 BC). |
8. An Ancient Greek philosopher; he was a pupil of Leucippus, who formulated an atomic theory for the universe; many consider him to be the "father of modern science" (460 – 370 BC).
9. A king of Macedonia from 359 BC until his assassination in 336 BC. In 338 he conquered Greece, putting an end to the independent Greek polis. He was the father of Alexander the Great and Philip III. His son Alexander succeeded him as ruler of Macedonia. (382–336 BC).
10. A Roman Emperor from 284 to 305. ‘The Great Persecution’ (303-311) was the last and most severe persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire. (244 – 311 AD).
Exercise 15. Read the text about Ancient Greece timeline. Use a dictionary to help you if necessary and explain the words in bold. Then, make up dialogues, using the information below.
|
2900 BC : 2900-2000 BC: The Bronze Age when Early Aegean cultures start to emerge 2500 BC - The great Minoan civilization 1200 BC - The Trojan War and the destruction of Troy (Ilium) 1050 BC : 1050-750 BC: The Dark Ages of Greece and the fall of the Mycenean culture 850 BC: 850-700 BC: Development of the first Greek Alphabet 776 BC - The First Olympic Games were staged 750 BC – 750-700 BC: Homer wrote the “Iliad” and the “Odyssey” 730 BC – 730-710 BC - the First Messenian War and the Spartans conquered southwest Peloponnesia |
Homer (800-701 BC) |
|||||
|
Sophocles (496-406 BC) |
650 BC - The Rise of the Greek tyrants 621 BC - Draco's code of law was introduced 600 BC - Greek Coin currency introduced 500 BC - 500-323 BC - The Greek Classical Period 505 BC - Cleisthenes introduced democracy in Athens 490 BC - Greek / Persian Wars led by Xerxes 468 BC - Sophocles wrote his first tragedy 461 BC - 461-446 BC: The Peloponnesian Wars began between Sparta and Athens 449 BC - 449 - 432: Construction of the Parthenon and the Acropolis in Athens |
|||||
|
441 BC - Euripides wrote his first tragedy 443 BC: 443 - 429 BC Pericles led Athens 430 BC - Outbreak of Bubonic Plague in Athens 431 BC - Second of the Peloponnesian Wars between Sparta and Athens 420 BC: 420 - 410: Construction of Temple of Athena Nike 399 BC - Socrates was executed for his opposition to the Thirty Tyrants |
|
|||||
|
386 BC - Plato founded the Academy 384 BC - Aristotle was born 359 BC - Philip II became the king of the Greeks 356 BC - Alexander the Great, the son of King Philip II, was born 333 BC - Alexander the Great defeated the Persians at Issus and was given Egypt by the Persian Satrap where he built a capital in Alexandria and founded the great library 323 BC - Alexander the Great died at Babylon |
|
|||||
|
Sulla (138-78 BC) |
323 BC: 323 -31 BC: The Hellenistic Period 224 BC - Earthquake destroyed the Colossus of Rhodes 200 BC: 200 - 196 BC: First Roman victory over Greece 197 BC - King Philip V of Greece was defeated by Romans at Kynoskephalai 86 BC - The Roman General Sulla captured Athens 33 AD - Crucifixion of Jesus and the origin of Christianity 267 AD - The Goths sacked Athens, Sparta and Corinth 286 AD - Emperor Diocletian divided the Roman Empire into the Eastern Roman Empire (ruled by Constantinople) and the Western Roman Empire (ruled by Rome). |
|
||||
Exercise 16. Use the information from the internet or historical books/encyclopedias and speak about:
1. Famous philosophers, 2. Notable writers, 3. Science and technology, 4. Art and architecture, 5. Religion and mythology, 6. The Greek alphabet, 7. The Olympic Games, 8. Education.
Writing
Exercise 17. Choose one of the following topics based on Greek mythological figures and write a composition using 150-200 words.
1) Immortals: 1. Olympian deities, 2. Primordial deities (Erebos, Gaea, Hemera, Chaos, Chronos, Uranus, Tartarus), 3. Titans a) The Twelve Titans: Hyperion, Iapetus, Coeus, Crius, Cronus, Mnemosyne, Oceanus, Phoebe, Rhea, Tethys, Theia, Themis; b) Other Titans: Asteria, Atlas, Aura, Helios, Leto, Prometheus, 4. Giants (Centimanes, Agrius, Cyclopes, Geryon, Typhon, 5. Personified concepts, 6. Chthonic deities (Angelos, Cerberus, Charon, the Furies, Lamia, etc.), 7. Sea deities (Hydros, Amphitrite, Gorgons, The Harpies, The Sirens, etc.), 8. Sky deities (Anemoi, Selene, Eos, Iris, etc.), 9. Rustic deities (Centaurs, Chloris, Dionysus, Dryades, Oreades, Oceanides), 10. Agricultural deities (Adonis, Carmanor, Demeter), 11. Health deities (Aceso, Asclepius, Panacea).
2) Mortals: 1. Heroes (Achilles, Ajax the Great, Daedalus, Hector, Jason, Odysseus, Perseus, Theseus), 2. Notable women (Andromeda, Ariadne, Cassandra, Europa, Helen, Hermione, Medusa, Pandora, Penelope), 3. Kings (Actaeus, Agamemnon, Argus, Electryon, Priam, Menelaus, Minos), 4. Seers (Amphilochus, Cassandra, Helenus, Melampus), 5. Amazons (Alcibie, Antandre, Asteria, Hippothoe, Otrera, Penthesilea), 6. Inmates of Tartarus (The Daiaides, Ixion, Sisyphus, Tantalus).
Project
Exercise 18. Make a short presentation of one of the following topics:
1. Greek Clothes, 2. Greek Houses, 3. Greek Food, 4. Greek Theatre, 5. Greco-Persian Wars (499-449 BC), 6. The Peloponnesian War (431-404 BC), 7. The Battle of Marathon, 8. The Corinthian War (395-387 BC), 9. Political structure, 10. The Archaic Period, 11. The Classical Period, 12. The Hellenistic period, 13. Ancient Greek warfare, 14. A famous person of Ancient Greece.