Переклад герундія українською мовою

На українську мову герундій перекладається:

а) неозначеною формою дієслова (інфінітивом):

І thought of coming to see you. - Я думала провідати вас.

б) іменником:

Не liked riding and fencing. - Він любив верхову їзду і фехтування.

в) дієприслівником:

She changed the room by painting the walls green. - Вона оновила кімнату, пофарбувавши стіни в зелений колір.

г) предикативною формою дієслова (присудком) підрядного речення:

Excuse my leaving you. - Пробачте, що я залишив вас.

Exercises.

1. Give all the Gerundial forms of the following verbs:

understand, study, make, control, keep, give, take, discuss, finish, remove, enrich.

2. Use the Gerund of the verbs in brackets:

1. Paper gets black in the process of … (burn). 2. Glass may break in the process of … (pack). 3. A man must breath regularly in the act of … (swim). 4. During … (heat) every thing increases in size. 5. Fruit trees look beautiful at the period of … (bloom). 6. Plastics are tested in … (experiment). 7. Water evaporates in the state of … (boil).

3. Give full answers to the following questions:

1. What did you do yesterday besides studying? 2. What is done at the English lesson besides reading texts? 3. What is often used for writing instead of a pen? 4. Where do you sometimes have your dinner instead of having it at home?

4. Put questions to the words in bold type:

1. Most people like travelling. 2. Travelling gives much pleasure. 3. Every sportsman needs training. 4. Speaking reflects thinking. 5. Writing letters takes a lot of time. 6. We planned going to the country. 7. Spelling means naming the letters of a word. 8. The doctor recommended sleeping in the open air.

5. Use Gerund instead of Infinitive in the following sentences:

1. To study mathematics means to train logical thinking. 2. To work must be as natural as to eat and drink. 3. The profession of an ecologist is to preserve Nature. 4. Practice helps to master theory. 5. I like to read scientific articles.

6. Make up sentences according to the model, using Gerund instead of Infinitive:

Model: What do you prefer: to learn yourself or to teach other people?

I prefer learning myself to teaching other people.

What do you prefer: to do your assignment yourself or to ask for your friend’s help?; to put your work off or to do it at once?; to get up early on Sunday or to lie in till noon?; to visit your fellow-students or to invite them to your house?; to send letters by post or to use Internet?; to criticize or being criticized?

7. Express the same idea by using the Indefinite Gerund Passive:

Model: I object to your leaving me. I object to being left by you.

I object to …

your teaching me; his asking so many foolish questions; her delivering the whole lecture on the topic not interested for me; your laughing at me; her advising on the matter.

8. Use the Perfect Gerund Active and Passive accordingly with the expressions listed in Ex. 7:

Model: I remember your having left me. I remember having been left by you.

I remember …