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The passive voice

Illustrative situation

Look here. What a strange letter I have in my hands. The letter has a very interesting story. I'll tell you about it.

A shark was killed in the sea by sailors and a bottle with this letter was found in the shark. The letter was given to me by the captain of the ship because it was written in English and the captain didn't know English. I think that it was written in America, then it was thrown into the ocean. It was swallowed by a shark and in this way I got it.

There are only a few words there but they cannot be made out. I wonder whom was the letter written by.

What was written in the letter?

When was the letter written?

Запам'ятай!

Щоб виразити дію, спрямовану на підмет (дію в пасивному стані), після підмета потрібно поставити діє­слово to be у відповідному часі, а за ним третю форму відмінюваного дієслова.

S +

am

is

are

V3 ... .

S +

was

were

V3 … .

S +

shall

will

be V3 … .

S +

is

was

being V3 … .

S +

have

has

been V3 … .

English and German are taught at our school.

A new play was staged by the pupils of our school.

The tape-recorder will be repaired by John.

The bedrooms are being decorated now.

The portable colour TV sets have already been sold.

S +

am

is

are

not + V3 … .

S +

was

were

not + V3 … .

S +

shallwill

not + be V3 … .

S +

is

was

not + being V3 … .

S +

have

has

not + been V3 … .

Mr Higgins is not expected today.

The bridge was not yet constructed.

My work will not be finished at 5.

The entrance hall is not being redecorated. It was done last month.

The windows have not been broken and the front door has not been forced.

Am

Is

Are

(not) S + V3 …?

Was

Were

(not) S + V3 …?

Shall

Will

(not) S + be V3 …?

Is

Was

(not) S + being V3 …?

Have

Has

(not) S + been V3 …?

Will the students be examined in spring?

Is a new bath being installed in the bathroom?

Have the telephone wires been cut?

?

am

is

are

(not) S + V3 …?

W

?

was

were

(not) S + V3 …?

W

?

shall

will

(not) S + be V3 …?

W

?

is

was

(not) S + being V3 …?

W

?

have

has

(not) S + been V3 …?

W

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