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N ame _____________________________

Class ____________________________

Grammar Reference exercises answers

UNIT 1 EXERCISES

Exercise 1

3 A 4 F 5 A 6 F 7 F 8 F 9 A 10 F

Exercise 2

2 h 3 c 4 a 5 e 6 b 7 g 8 f

Exercise 3

1 Simon hasn’t lived here for a long time.

2 I didn’t go to America last year.

3 I’m not working very hard.

4 She isn’t arriving this afternoon.

5 They weren’t laughing at you.

Exercise 4

1 Has the parcel arrived?

2 Where is champagne made?

3 Did you enjoy the film?

4 What were you doing at 8.00 last night?

5 Where was football invented?

Exercise 5

1 c 2 b 3 d 4 a 5 e

UNIT 2 EXERCISES

Exercise 1

2 √

3 X I hardly ever have anything to eat in

the morning.

4 √

5 X I sometimes go abroad on business.

6 X I never have enough money.

7 √

8 X Our teacher always gives us too

much homework.

9 X Sonia is rarely late for class.

Exercise 2

2 ’m not studying;

speak

3 fly

4 go

5 is … wearing

6 don’t visit

7 Do … fix

8 Are

9 ’s snowing

10 ’re having

11 don’t live; live

12 works; travels

13 ’re studying

14 ’s going

Exercise 3

2 ’m thinking

3 ’re interviewing

4 don’t like

5 makes

6 don’t have (or haven’t got)

7 do … weigh

8 ’m not doing

Exercise 4

2 isn’t included

3 is being redecorated

4 are answered

5 are employed

6 are being built

7 am paid

8 are being taken

UNIT 3 EXERCISES

Exercise 1

1 b 2 a 3 c

Exercise 2

1 fell; worked

2 was reading; went; heard

3 Didn’t you meet; were living

4 saw; were sitting

5 didn’t they visit; were staying

6 were you writing; crashed

Exercise 3

2 False

3 True

4 True

Exercise 4

2 hadn’t passed; drove

3 didn’t know; had walked

4 heard; ’d applied

5 went; ’d never travelled

6 didn’t watch; ’d seen

7 didn’t know; had met

8 ’d been; had

Exercise 5

2 hadn’t been invited

3 had been left on

4 was told

5 were … taken

6 weren’t given

UNIT 4 EXERCISES

Exercise 1

1 has to; doesn’t have to

2 had to; didn’t have to

3 ’ll have to

4 don’t have to

5 will … have to

Exercise 2

1 e 2 a 3 c 4 f 5 d 6 b

Exercise 3

1 √ Can you swim?

2 √ She must work harder.

3 √ I can’t understand you.

4 √ You must go now.

5 √ Do you have to work on Saturdays?

6 √ When I was young, I had to work

hard.

Exercise 4

1 both

2 a – don’t have to

3 both

4 a – mustn’t.

5 b – can’t

6 b – have to

7 a – must

8 a – has to

9 both

10 both

Exercise 5

1 c 2 a 3 e 4 b 5 d

Exercise 6

1 Yes 2 No 3 Yes 4 No 5 Yes

UNIT 5 EXERCISES

Exercise 1

2 I’m going

3 I’m playing

4 It’ll finish

5 I may stay

6 I could collect

7 he’s arriving

8 it might rain

Exercise 2

A I’m going to town. Do you want anything?

B Are you going to the post office? I need forty stamps.

A Yes, I am. I’m applying for a new driving licence so I’ll get you the stamps at the same time.

B Thanks.

A Why do you need forty stamps? You always send emails.

B Well I’m having a party, so I want to send invitations to everybody.

A If you want me to, I’ll buy the invitations too.

B Thanks, but I’m getting them printed at work. It’s already arranged.

A OK. I’ll see you later! Bye.

Exercise 3

1 I will to see her tomorrow at 4.30 p.m.

I’m seeing her tomorrow at 4.30 p.m.

2 I go to a concert this evening.

I’m going to a concert this evening.

3 Greg will helping you move the computer.

Greg will help you move the computer.

4 You can ask Alan, but he not help you.

You can ask Alan, but he won’t help you.

5 We will have a party next week.

We’re having a party next week.

6 Kate catch the train at 3.30 this afternoon.

Kate’s catching the train at 3.30 this afternoon.

7 They don’t visit us next summer.

They aren’t going to visit us next summer.

8 I’m going to go to meet them at the airport.

I’m meeting them at the airport.

Exercise 4

1 A It looks like it’s going to be a

beautiful afternoon. Why don’t we

go for a walk?

B Great idea! I’ll get my coat.

A You won’t need that. The sun’s out.

It isn’t going to rain.

B I’ll take the risk!

2 A There’s a big chance that the

company might / may close.

B That’s terrible. What are you going

to do / will you do?

A I’m meeting the HR manager

tomorrow at 11.00. I don’t want to

leave – it’ll be / it’s going to be

difficult for me to find a similar job.

B It isn’t definite, though, so you may

be / might be OK.

UNIT 6 EXERCISES

Exercise 1

1 What

2 Which

3 What

4 Whose

5 Which

Exercise 2

1 kind

2 size

3 number

4 channel

5 nationality

6 make

7 colour

8 languages

Exercise 3

1 long

2 big

3 frequently

4 many

5 much

6 fast

7 well

8 far

Exercise 4

2 √ What’s Edinburgh like?

3 √ How was John?

4 √ What was your meal like?

√ How was your meal?

5 √ How do you feel?

Exercise 5

2 √ The company that he works for is

based in Germany.

3 √ Where are the scissors that I bought

yesterday?

4 √ 

5 √ The meal that you cooked was

delicious.

6 √ 

7 √ The film that I’ve always wanted to

see in on TV tonight.

8 √ The flat that they bought was very

expensive.

9 √ 

10 √ I didn’t like the meal that we had

yesterday.

11 √ 

12 √ The millionaire who you were

talking about has just arrived in his

limousine.

Exercise 6

1 1 which / that 2 -- 3 --

2 1 whose 2 where 3 who

3 1 who 2 where

Exercise 7

2 I like cars that are made in Japan.

3 Look at the clouds that are coming

from the west!

4 I watched all the people who were

hurrying to work.

5 I love food that is cooked on a

barbecue.

6 I found a book that was written by my

grandfather.

UNIT 7 EXERCISES

Exercise 1

2 Have … started

3 Have … found

4 haven’t

5 ’ve seen

6 Have … visited

7 have

8 ’ve been

9 haven’t been

10 has … started

11 has

Exercise 2

1 ten years

2 the age of two

3 a few minutes

4 10 o’clock

5 very long

Exercise 3

1 I’ve known Peter since ages. for

2 She’s been a qualified pilot for 20 August. since

3 You’re late. Where have you gone? been

4 Gary and Paul haven’t never have been to Portugal. never

5 Jo hasn’t already hasn’t finished finished cleaning cleaning the the car. car yet

6 Have they yet eaten? eaten yet

Exercise 4

2 went

3 has lived

4 learned

5 hasn’t spoken

6 hasn’t gone / been

Exercise 5

2 A number of people have been recruited (by the company) recently.

3 The cause of the accident has never been discovered.

4 The festival has been held in the city for over two hundred years.

5 I’m so happy! Our house has finally been sold.

Exercise 6

1 ’ve been waiting

2 ’ve broken

3 ’ve made

4 ’s been sleeping

5 ’ve been looking

6 ’ve been working; haven’t finished

UNIT 8 EXERCISES

Exercise 1

2 to turn

3 spending

4 to train

5 to wait

6 working

7 to go

8 speaking

9 waiting

10 to arrive

Exercise 2

1 you to be

2 to help

3 to tell

4 to going

5 have

6 finding out

7 to go

8 winning

9 getting

10 cooking

Exercise 3

1 smoking

2 to give up

3 starting

4 chewing

5 taking up

6 wanting

Exercise 4

1 b 2 e 3 h 4 i 5 g 6 f 7 j 8 c 

9 d 10 a

Exercise 5

2 to see

3 going

4 to see

5 moving

6 to help

7 to know

8 to going

UNIT 9 EXERCISES

Exercise 1

1 a 2 b 3 c 4 d

Exercise 2

2 If I didn’t have a headache, I’d go swimming.

3 If I knew the answer, I’d tell you.

4 If we had any / some money, we’d have a holiday this year.

5 If I had any spare time, I’d learn Russian.

6 If we had a big house, we could invite friends to stay.

7 If I had a mobile, you could call me.

8 If he bought a ticket, he could win the lottery.

9 If Francis didn’t work so hard, he’d have time to spend with his family.

10 If we didn’t have three children, we’d take a year off and travel the world.

Exercise 3

2 If they hadn’t borrowed the bike without permission, they wouldn’t have been arrested.

3 If their dinner hadn’t burned, they wouldn’t have phoned for a pizza.

4 If he hadn’t parked his car illegally, it wouldn’t have been towed away.

5 If he hadn’t worked 24 hours a day, seven days a week, he wouldn’t have made a fortune.

Exercise 4

2 And our children wouldn’t have been born.

3 We wouldn’t have gone to live in Australia.

4 We wouldn’t have bought a house in Sydney.

5 I would have trained to be a teacher.

6 I would have worked in a secondary school for 20 years.

Exercise 5

1 If I hadn’t got up late yesterday, I wouldn’t have been in such a hurry. I might not have left my briefcase at home, and I certainly would have arrived in time for the most important meeting of the year.

2 If I’d saved some money instead of spending it all, I could have gone abroad on holiday instead of staying at home.

3 I felt like a fool. I shouldn’t have told my best friend I liked Georges. She could never keep a secret.

4 I should have taken the metro instead of the bus. I might have avoided the traffic jam.

Exercise 6

2 might

3 would

4 should

5 could

6 shouldn’t

Exercise 7

2 known; ’d

3 travel

4 ’d be

5 wouldn’t run; was / were

6 ’d phoned; have given

7 need; ’ll come

8 are; will … buy

UNIT 10 EXERCISES

Exercise 1

1 an 2 the 3 the 4 a 5 the 6 the

7 the 8 a 9 the 10 the 11 an 12 the

Exercise 2

1 I don’t drink [-] coffee. It gives me [-] headaches.

2 Could I have a coffee and an apple juice, please?

3 A Did you see the match on [-] TV last night?

B No, I didn’t. What was the score?

A 1–0. It was a great game. The only goal was scored in the last minute.

4 I go to [-] work by [no article] bus. The journey takes twenty minutes. I work in an office next to the British Library.

5 A Where are the children?

B They’re playing in the garden.

Exercise 3

1 Their; ours

2 my; mine; your

3 Our; yours

4 yours; hers

5 He’s; his

6 mine; his

Exercise 4

1 John’s

2 children’s

3 wife’s

4 Ann’s

5 parents’

6 brother’s

7 brothers’

8 chemist’s

9 newsagent’s

10 weeks’

Exercise 5

1 All of

2 all your

3 all modern

4 all my

5 All of them.

6 them all

7 are all

8 all like

9 them all

10 We all

Exercise 6

1 Every

2 everybody

3 Everybody

4 Everything

5 all

Exercise 7

1 myself

2 each other

3 yourself

4 himself

5 themselves

UNIT 11 EXERCISES

Exercise 1

2 can’t

3 must

4 can’t

5 must

6 must

7 must

8 may

9 may

Exercise 2

2 He can’t be leaving so soon!

3 They must be moving house.

4 She won’t be cycling to work today, then.

5 She mightn’t be coming.

6 They could be building some new houses.

Exercise 3

1 b 2 a 3 c 4 d 5 e

Exercise 4

1 must have seen

2 must have caught

3 can’t have gone; might have gone

4 might have been

5 must have been

UNIT 12 EXERCISES

Exercise 1

2 She said they had some champagne in the fridge.

3 I knew he would be late.

4 She said she hadn’t known him long.

5 She thought he must be lying.

Exercise 2

2 Jo agreed to meet Matt at 9.00 outside the hotel.

3 Harry admitted that he had broken her camera.

4 Timmy denied that he had pulled her hair.

5 The professor boasted that he could speak eleven languages, all perfectly.

6 Sarah refused to marry Adrian because she didn’t love him.

7 Amanda offered to cook supper if Duncan tidied the living room.

Exercise 3

1 invited

2 advised

3 ordered

4 asked

5 reminded

6 told

Exercise 4

1 which school I went to

2 if he’d seen the news

3 how long Dan was staying

4 if / whether I’d met them before