Практическое занятие 3.

Задание 1. Ответьте на вопросы.

1. Какие слова называются неологизмами?

2. Какие способы образования неологизмов вам известны?

3. Что такое переосмысление слов в языке?

4. Какова роль заимствований в образовании неологизмов?

5. Какие виды сокращений вы знаете? Приведите примеры.

6. Что такое конверсия?

7. В чем трудность перевода неологизмов, образованных путем конверсии и с использованием метафор и идиом?

Задание 2. Переведите следующие предложения, содержащие слова-неологизмы, и установите способ их образования.

1. Attendees of the RSA Conference heard that crimeware is a rapidly growing threat facing both companies and individuals

2. The blogosphere will have to stop hyperventilating about the possibility of new iPods and an Apple tablet computer.

3. Security experts warn that hackers may be masquerading as free public Wi-Fi providers to gain access to the laptops of unsuspecting travelers.

4. There have also been cases where scareware with elements of ransomware has been encrypting an infected user’s files, demanding a purchase in order to decrypt them (scareware - fake security software).

5. E-readers also have other "very useful" interactive elements in the new product.

6. Windows Vista (Windows version 6.0) contains the new user interface Aero.

7. The automatic update of the operating system provides the installation of new patches.

8. Microsoft has shown off the full version of the long-awaited follow-up to the first person shooter, Halo 3.

9. The open-source browser Firefox passed its billionth download.

10. The Precision Urban Hopper is a semi-autonomous, GPS-guided gadget which is going to be used for surveillance in urban environments.

11. Many touchscreen handsets currently offer tactile feedback in the form of a simple mechanical buzz as virtual buttons are pushed.

12. Yammer is an enterprise social network, designed to facilitate communication within companies and organisations.

Задание 3. Переведите следующий текст, обращая внимание на перевод неологизмов.

What is spyware?

Spyware is a general term for programs that could monitor your computer use or look for personal data stored on your computer. It can be installed on your computer without your knowledge, sometimes through free programs downloaded from the internet, or peer-to-peer file-sharing. Different forms of spyware can pop up ads on your computer screen, track your online activities or hijack your browser. At the very least, these programs can slow your system down. At its worst, spyware can log your keystrokes, scan your hard drive and change your system's settings, paving a way for identity thieves to capture your personal information.

According to a study released in 2004 by America Online and the U.S. National Cyber Security Alliance, 80 per cent of home computers were infected with spyware. There are several types of spyware:

Adware is software that displays pop-up ads as the program is running. Some adware becomes a form of spyware when it tracks a user's surfing habits and passes that information to a third party. Malware or malicious software, is generally used as a catch-all term to refer to any program created to do damage to a computer system. A Trojan horse is a program that appears to be useful, but its actual intent is to cause damage to your computer, or compromise your confidential information. A browser hijacker can change your homepage and redirect your search engines. A keyboard logger is one of the more potentially damaging types of spyware. These programs can record your keystrokes, such as your PIN number, passwords and other confidential information.

There are some tips to prevent spyware. Before installing free software, read the licence agreement. Only download programs from websites you trust. Be cautious with free file-sharing programs. Find out whether there is other software packaged with the freeware. That so-called free program may come bundled with some spyware. Install anti-spyware programs. Make sure they're updated. Do not click on any links in an e-mail or in pop-up ads offering anything for free. If it sounds too good to be true, it probably is. Install updated anti-virus software and a firewall. Anti-virus programs can prevent infections, and a good firewall will help filter unwanted communication between the internet and your computer.