16. Match the terms with their definitions.

nozzle, ditch, furrow, self-propelled, paddy,

water table, drip, sprinkle, levee

1) a narrow channel dug in the earth, usually used for drainage, irrigation, or as a boundary marker

2) the surface of the water-saturated part of the ground, usually following approximately the contours of the overlying land surface

3) a projecting pipe or spout from which fluid is discharged

4) the formation and falling of drops of liquid

5) provided with its own source of tractive power rather than requiring an external means of propulsion

6) to scatter (liquid, powder, etc.) in tiny particles or droplets over (something)

7) a long narrow trench made in the ground by a plough or a trench resembling this

8) an embankment that surrounds a field that is to be irrigated

9) a field planted with rice

17. Match the words with their synonyms.

1) general	6) soak	a) saturate	f) whole
2) dike	7) continuous	b) universal	g) levee
3) level	8) ample	c) subterranean	h) flat
4) rolling	9) underground	d) oblige	i) rich
5) force	10) entire	e) persistent	j) hilly

18. Fill in the correct prepositions then choose any five items and make your own sentences.

1) to be available ___ irrigation; 2) the distance of water table ___ the surface; 3) to be planted __ rows; 4) to be flooded ___ a few hours ___ a time; 5) to plant seeds ___ the ridges ___ the furrows; 6) to seep ___ the ridges; 7) to be mounted ___ the ground;8) to become popular ___ the development of plastic; 9) to force water ___ a pipe ___ nozzles; 10) to distribute water ___ the crops ___ a spray; 11) ___ most cases; 12) to move ___ a farm ___ one’s own power; 13) to have openings ___ points corresponding ___ the location of the plant; 14) to trickle ___ the emitters ___ the soil; 15) to make it ideal ___ areas ___ small water supply.

19. Read the following text and choose the right forms of the missed words (they are given below the text).

Providing artificial drainage

Under many conditions, water drains from soil 1)______. However, a flood or heavy rain can cause excess water 2) ______ in soil. An efficient water 3) ______ system provides for the artificial drainage of excess water.

When land 4) ______ too much water, the water table rises almost to the level of the ground surface, and the soil becomes 5) ______. Most plants need air in the soil, as well 6) _____ water. Pores (air spaces) in soil 7) ______ provide air. However, 8) ______ of saturated soil are filled with water.

Farmers 9) ______ water from soil through underground drains or by means of ditches. Underground drains are made 10) _____ pipe or hollow tile. They have 11) ______ openings that allow water to enter but keep soil out. Drainage ditches cost less to build than underground drains, but they are expensive 12) ______. They also interfere with 13) _______ of workers and machines. Some drainage systems return water to irrigation channels for 14) ______.

Most irrigation water contains small amounts 15) _____ soluble salts. These salts remain in the soil, whether crops use the water or it 16) ______ from the surface of the ground. Excess salts 17) ______ reduce or prevent plant growth. For example, certain salts react 18) _______ with soil particles to change the structure of soil. Such a change can 19) ______ the movement of air and water through the soil. In addition, salts injure some plants and compete 20) _______ roots for water in soil.

Farmers remove excess salts from soil by 21) _______ (flushing) the soil with water. Leaching applies 22) _______ water to soil to move salts away from the roots of plants. But if the land 23)_______ a good drainage system, leaching may result in saturated soil. In addition, 24) _______ leaching may not remove enough salt In the Southwestern United States, some land that 25) _______ is now of limited use for agriculture because of a build-up of salt.

A. naturally	B. nature	C. natural
A. accumulation	B. to accumulate	C. accumulating
A. to manage	B. managerial	C. management
A. receives	B. will receive	C. received
A. saturation	B. saturated	C. saturating
A. such	B. so	C. as
A. normally	B. normal	C. normability
A. porous	B. the pores	C. porosity
A. to remove	B. removes	C. remove
A. of	B. up	C. down
A. number	B. numerous	C. numerously
A. maintenance	B. maintaining	C. to maintain
A. the movement	B. to move	C. moving
A. to reuse	B. reuse	C. usage
A. for	B. in	C. of
A. evaporates	B. will evapourate	C. to evapourate
A. should	B. can	C. must
A. chemicalize	B. chemical	C. chemically
A. hinder	B. to hinder	C. hindering
A. to	B. with	C. of
A. being leached	B. having leached	C. leaching
A. enough	B. too	C. such
A. don’t have	B. does not have	C. not having
A. inadequately	B. adequate	C. inadequate
A. has been irrigated	B. irrigated	C. is irrigated