V Rendering.

1. Read the text and translate it using a dictionary.

Industry of Ukraine

By the mid- 80s a multi-branch, developed industry was created in Ukraine covering about 20 major industries, namely power generating, fuel, ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, chemical and petrochemical and gas, machine-building and metal-working, forest, wood-working and wood pulp and paper, construction materials, light, food and others.

Ukraine has five nuclear power stations, 47 thermal power stations and 6 large hydraulic power stations on the Dnipro and 55 small stations on other rivers.

In the coal-mining industry, more than 3000 mines are operated in three coal-mining regions.

Ukraine produces 5.5 million tons of its own oil. The Ukrainian gas pipelines transport the Russian gas to Central and Western Europe.

Large enterprises are operating in ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, pipe and rolling industry. These complexes for the production of cast iron, steel and pipes are situated in Dniepropetrovsk, Zaporizhzhya, Donetsk, Makeyivka, Maryupol and other cities.

The mechanical engineering sector is represented by enterprises producing metallurgical, oil, chemical, mining, power generating, railway, road construction and transportation equipment, machinery for agriculture, light and food industry, metal-cutting machine tools.

The Zaporizhzhya “Motor-Sich” plant manufactures aircraft engines for all the CIS countries. One of the world largest aerospace concerns – “Pivdennyi” – is functioning in Dniepropetrovsk, Kharkiv turbines are known in many countries. A high-capacity chemical production complex is located in the city of Kalush.

Altogether, the industry of Ukraine includes more than 10. 000 state and joint stock enterprises, hundreds of private and collectively owned small and medium-sized businesses have been established over the last years, which operate in various industries.

Many enterprises in the fields of machine-building, leather, fur and footwear industries are located in Kyiv. Among other regions of Ukraine Kyiv takes the first place by the production of light industry goods.

The firm “Kyiv” is one of the oldest shoes manufacturers in Ukraine and was founded in 1867. Today it is one of the largest shoes manufacturers in Ukraine and CIS. The firm is equipped with modern tools and capable to produce more than 9 million pairs of shoes per year.

The fur company “Tysmenytsia” offers dressed sheepskins, raw sheepskins, men hats from rabbit skins, coats, short coats from rabbit, skins for coats, jackets.

The joint-stock company “Aura” offers men’s cotton socks, children’s cotton tights, women’s cotton tights, men’s and women’s pants, shirts, children’s and men’s sweaters, sport’s suits, trousers. The concern “Cheksil” offers various assortment of products: suit fabrics, coat fabrics, fabrics for uniform, fabrics with Angora wool.

The public corporation “HBK” offers cotton, double and linen fabrics, a yarn and products made of it.

2. Make up a plan in the form of questions.

3. Give the summary of the text according to your plan in a written form.

VI Comprehensive skills.

1. Read and remember:

1. trident – тризуб

2. anthem – гімн

3. coin – монета

4. origin – походження

5. to adopt – приймати

6. coat of arms – герб

7. trinity – триєдність

8. medieval – середньовічний

9. band – стрічка

10. wheat – пшениця

2. Listen to the text “National Symbols of Ukraine” and try to understand it.

3. True or false statements:

1. The trident has been used as the national Emblem of Ukraine since 1991.

2. Ukraine’s national Flag consists of two bands of blue and yellow.

3. The National anthem of Ukraine is the 1th symphony of Chaikovsky.

4. The music of the Anthem was composed by Lysenko.

4. Listen to the text once again and answer the following questions:

1. What are the national symbols of Ukraine?

2. When was the Trident adopted?

3. What do the three points of Trident symbolize?

4. When was the national flag of Ukraine adopted? Describe it, please.

5. Who is the author of the music of the anthem?

The Past Simple Tense (минулий простий час)

1. Form

Форма Past Simple одна для всіх осіб (I, you, he, she, etc.)

Affirmative	Negative	Question
I You He came She It worked We They	I You He come She did not It work We They	I you he come? Did she it work? we they