Coco Chanel

Gabrielle Bonheur ‘Coco’ Chanel (August 19, 1883 – January 10, 1971) was a pioneering French couturier whose modernist philosophy, menswear-inspired fashions, and pursuit of expensive simplicity made her arguably the most important figure in the history of 20th century fashion design.

Chanel herself mentioned constantly improved versions of her childhood. However, it seems certain that she was born as the second illegitimate daughter to the traveling salesman Albert Chanel and his lover Jeanne Devolle in the small city of Saumur, France. On 16 February 1895, when Gabrielle was 11 years old, her mother died; her father abandoned them a short time later. The young Gabrielle spent 7 years in the orphanage of the Catholic monastery of Aubazine, where she learned the trade of a seamstress. After affairs with generous wealthy men – a military officer and later an English industrialist – she was able to open a shop in Paris in 1910 selling ladies' hats, and within a year moved the business to the fashionable Rue Cambon. Her influence on haute couture was such that she was the only person in the field to be named on TIME Magazine's 100 most influential people of the 20th century.

The influential Chanel suit, launched in 1923, was an elegant suit comprising a knee-length skirt and trim, boxy jacket, traditionally made of woven wool with black trim and gold buttons and worn with large costume-pearl necklaces. Coco Chanel also popularized the little black dress, whose blank-slate versatility allowed it to be worn for day and evening, depending on how it was accessorized. Although unassuming black dresses existed before Chanel, the ones she designed were considered the haute couture standard. In 1923, she told ‘Harper's Bazaar’ that ‘simplicity is the keynote of all true elegance.’

She never married. For more than 30 years, Gabrielle Chanel made the Hôtel Ritz in Paris her home, even during the Nazi occupation of Paris.

The House of Chanel in Paris, under Karl Lagerfeld, remains one of the top design houses today.

Quotes

• ‘Dress shabbily and they remember the dress; dress impeccably and they remember the woman.’

• ‘Fashion passes, style remains.’

• ‘Fashion is not simply a matter of clothes. Fashion is in the air, born upon the wind. One intuits it. It is in the sky and on the road.’

• ‘There are a lot of duchesses, but only one Coco Chanel.’ On commenting as to why she did not marry the Duke of Westminster.

• ‘I am Coco Chanel.’

• ‘I love myself.’

The 1st international scientific practical conference "artificial intelligence - 2000" september 11-16, 2000 katsiveli (crimea, ukraine)

In 2000 the first international conference "Artificial Intelligence-2000" was held in Ukraine. The conference confirmed the working definitions of the intelligence and of the artificial intelligence. Here they are:

• Intelligence is an aggregate of universal procedures that allows building the concrete algorithms of the solution of individual creative problems at the conscious level.

• Intelligence is an algorithm of the problem solving formed by the consciousness.

• Artificial intelligence is an algorithm of the problem solving formed by the artificial consciousness.

In sunny Ukrainian Crimea the first international conference "Artificial Intelligence-2000" was organized in September, 11-16. Silence and the primeval nature made their beneficial influence upon the atmosphere of the conference, promoted the fruitful work of the scientists, their rest and creative contacts.

The first international conference "Artificial Intelligence-2000" is the international forum of the scientists who are specialized in the fields of mathematical cybernetics, theoretical informatics, computer engineering. It was directed on the exchange of the scientific experience, ideas and the methods of intelligent tasks solving

One of the most important aims of the conference was the conducting of the meeting of the scientists from the different organizations connected with the solving of the intelligent tasks of the economy, ecology, regional direction and some other tasks that needed the usage of the computer methods of the intellectualization of the information processing. The next very important task was the discussion of the fundamental principles of the scientific knowledge formation in such difficult systems like the man with his boundless opportunities of intellectual activity.

At the conference the exhibition was opened where the computer programs, intelligent games, computer intelligent systems, electronic text-books and the examples of the robots in action were represented to the participants of the conference.

The First International scientific and practical conference "Artificial Intelligence - 2000» went from September 11 till September 16, 2000 in Crimea, Ukraine. It was organized under the initiative of Donetsk State Institute of Artificial Intelligence, National Academy of Sciences (NAS) of Ukraine and Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, Informatics Department of NAS of Ukraine, Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine. The conference went in the form of plenary, sectional meetings and discussions. Simultaneously with the work of the conference there was an exhibition of achievements in the field of soft-, hardware means of intelligent computer technologies and robotic systems building.

More than 100 well–known scientists, post-graduate students, young scientists, students, introducing scientific organizations and University centres of Ukraine, Russia, Bulgaria, Georgia, who have given interesting reports and workings took part in the conference.

On the plenary and sectional meetings of the conference 52 reports were heard, the numerous problems and questions as to the state and perspectives of modern development of computer technologies of high level intellectuality were affected.

Subject matter covered by working sections:

• - "Problems of artificial intelligence";

• - "Computerization of natural languages";

• - "Intelligent programs. Hardware, software means of support of artificial intelligence systems".

While discussing "Problem of artificial intelligence and artificial consciousness " the conceptual problems of artificial intelligence forming were discussed, the wide discussion of such definitions as "intellect", "artificial intelligence", "consciousness", "artificial consciousness" was highlighted.

The conference has passed at high activity and the large interest of the participants.

It was stated the following:

1. The investigations and elaboration in the field of artificial intelligence, intelligent systems and computer technologies are actual and define, to a great extent, the main direction of modern world scientific progress.

2. One should pay attention to building of a new conceptual base of intelligent means, new generations of informational systems and robotics having engineering audition, vision, the possibilities of image recognition, and wide physical possibilities of movements.

3. It is necessary to perfect the terminological and conceptual device of scientific investigations, connected with building of artificial intelligence;

4. Modern mathematical basis of investigations and the available theoretical workings allow creating in the near future the modern means of high-parallel computing structures that are better than the foreign analogies according to their parameters.

5. The special attention should be paid to more intensive development of investigations and elaboration in the field of computer linguistics and computer technologies, connected with natural language dialogue of the man and machine within the framework of the International project "Computerization of natural languages".