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Talking points

  1. Read the following descriptions of four different people. Decide who you think is left-brained and who is right brained. Write “Left” next to the descriptions of left-brained people and “Right” next to the descriptions of right-brained people. Talk about these people.

________ 1. Daniel’s hobby is drawing cartoons. He loves surprises and hates following a strict schedule. He is very sensitive and likes to find new ways of doing things.

________ 2. Dr. Curley is very careful about keeping his appointments. He is always on time and does things in an elderly way. Every day, as soon as he gets home from work, he takes his dog for walk and goes jogging for half an hour.

________ 3. Debby is a lawyer at a big law firm in New York. Her language skills are very good. She is a very logical person. She gets up, eats, and goes to sleep at the same time every day.

________ 4. Ian Baker is the mayor of a small city. He is always looking for creative ways to solve the city’s problems. In his spare time, he enjoys going to concerts and playing the piano.

Lesson 10

Skim the reading to find the answers to the questions below.

  1. What do you think intelligence is?

  2. What qualities of a person make him/her intelligent?

  3. What is IQ? How to calculate it?

WHAT IS INTELLIGENCE?

Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget would have described intelligence as the thinking ability that helps a person solve problems and adapt to his/her environment. But this definition does not include many other abilities and qualities that most of us would use to describe intelligence. Intelligence could also mean the ability to do abstract thinking, to carry out our plans, or to think logically; it also might mean everything that a person has learned in his/hers lifetime.

Before 1960, some people believed that, for the most part, intelligence was innate or inborn. In other words, either you were born smart or you weren’t and nothing could change that. More recently, scientists have begun to look at how a person’s environment might influence the development of intelligence.

The other main issue in understanding intelligence is how to measure it. Two of the main abilities that have been measured in IQ (intelligence quotient) tests are verbal comprehension (understanding words) and the ability to think with and about numbers. IQ tests also measure other parts of intelligence such as general thinking ability, vocabulary, memory, and spatial ability, i.e. the ability to figure out thing in space (for example, someone who is good with maps and directions probably has a lot of spatial ability). However, other abilities often connected with intelligence, such as creativity, artistic and musical talent, social skills, and regular common sense, are often not included on standard IQ tests.

Vocabulary and comprehension check

1. Give English equivalents of the following words and expressions:

інтелект, вирішувати проблему, визначення, може означати, здійснювати плани, розумний, впливати, загальне мислення, творчі здібності, навички поведінки у суспільстві.

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