Derzhavniy_ispit_testi_arabska_mova_ta_metodika_vikladannya_inozemnikh_mov
.docxit should not provide the background for a lot of language use
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Whenever the teacher is going to introduce new language, she must remember that the context should have the following characteristics
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it should show what the new language means and how it is used
it should not be interesting for students
it should be very difficult to understand
it should not provide the background for a lot of language use
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Copying sentences containing new grammar material is often
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unchallenging and boring
very interesting
very exciting
a very creative activity
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Rewriting sentences with the purpose of memorizing new grammar material is often
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unchallenging and boring
very interesting
very exciting
a very creative activity
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Authentic texts are
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real texts
texts not designed for native speakers
artificial texts
especially written for language-learning students
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At the lead-in stage the students and the teacher
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prepare themselves for the task and familiarize themselves with the topic of the reading exercise
discuss the content of the text
answer questions on the text
write questions to the test
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Listening as a skill shares many similarities with
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reading
learning grammar
writing words
memorizing words
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Listening comprehension as a skill has many similarities with
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reading
learning new grammar
writing difficult words
memorizing abstract words
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The success of many activities depends on
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good organization
not telling the students what they are to do
giving students conflicting instructions
providing students with confusing instructions
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Brainstorming is
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a group activity in which students come up with ideas on a topic
a group activity in which a teacher comes up with ideas on a topic
a technique commonly used in testing
a kind of dicto-comp
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While students are engaged in the communicative activities the teacher
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should not intervene
should ask for repetition
should control the material which students are using
should restrict the students’ choice of what to say
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During practice activities the teacher
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may intervene slightly
is not allowed to intervene
should not tell students that they are making mistakes
should not control the material which students are using
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While students are engaged in practice activities the teacher
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may intervene slightly
is not allowed to intervene
should never tell students that they are making mistakes
should never control the material which students are using
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Introduction stages are often called
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presentations
teacher interventions
pre-tasks
practice drills
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The stage of the lesson where the teacher presents new material is often called
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presentation
teacher intervention
pre-task
practice drill
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Lockstep is a class grouping where
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all students are working with the teacher
students work in teams
weak and strong students work together in small groups
students work in pairs
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Dicto-comp is
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a form of controlled writing
a story starter
a communicative activity
writing for oneself
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Teachers can establish rapport by
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working with students as a team
never soliciting students’ ideas and feelings
ignoring what students think and say
laughing at students
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In the 18th and 19th centuries Latin and Greek were taught by means of what has been called
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Classical Method
eclectic approach
TPR (Total Physical Response)
TBL (Task-based Learning)
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One of the major characteristics of the Direct Method is the following:
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classroom instruction was conducted exclusively in the target language
correct pronunciation was not emphasized
speaking was not taught
listening comprehension was not taught
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One of the major characteristics of the Audio-Lingual Method (ALM) is the following:
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new material is presented in dialogues
much grammar explanation
vocabulary is learned in lists of isolated words
teaching pronunciation was not important
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One of the major characteristics of Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)
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meaning is paramount
dialogues are not used
translation was not allowed
accuracy is the goal
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Gentle correction involves
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showing students that a mistake has been made but not making a big fuss about it
making a big fuss about a mistake
telling students to recollect a rule
asking a student many questions
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When a teacher is using gentle correction, she
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shows a student that a mistake has been made but does not make a big fuss about it
makes a big fuss about a mistake
tells a student to recollect a rule and learn it by heart
asks a student many questions
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Problem-solving activities encourage students
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to talk together to find a solution to problems or tasks
to avoid asking questions
to avoid talking
to find the differences or similarities
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The generalizations that we can make about the majority of communicative events
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do not only apply to the spoken word
only apply to the written word
only apply to different kinds of reading
only apply to distant learning
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Discovery techniques are techniques where students have to
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work out rules and meanings for themselves
listen attentively to the teacher who will explain rules and meanings
write down the rules
put words together
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For selecting grammar material for speaking the principal of
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frequency is of great importance
polysemia is important
visuality is important
frequency is not important
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In the past the center of attention in language classes was
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grammar
speaking
writing
listening comprehension
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Extensive reading is used for
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overall understanding
detailed understanding
getting the gist of the text
close understanding
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Since listening to tapes is a way of bringing different kinds of speaking into the classroom, teachers are supposed to do the following:
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play different kinds of tape to them
use only simple announcements
use simple telephone conversations
use lectures
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Authentic texts for reading
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provide good models for writing
do not provide good models for speaking
cannot introduce interesting topics
never stimulate discussions
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Content feedback concerns assessment of how well the students performed the activity as
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an activity
a simple language exercise
a mechanical exercise or a drill
a difficult grammar exercise
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Form feedback, tells the students
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how well they have performed linguistically, and how accurate they have been
how well they understood the content
how well they understood all the information
how well they all the implicit information
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