английский / Topics / Political system of GB

Political system of GB.

This country occupies the British Isles in the Atlantic Ocean; this is the largest archipelago of Europe. It is named GB after the name of the largest archipelago island. Officially GB is named The United Kingdom of GB and Northern Ireland. The Kingdom structure includes four historical areas: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. It is possible to say that they are 4 independent countries with particular culture and traditions.

Speaking about the political system of GB it is necessary to tell that the building of Parliament is well-known all over the world, it is not only a historical architectural monument, but also it is an original image of the British democracy.

GB is a parliamentary monarchy. It means that the state is headed with the constitutional monarchy led by the queen and the legislative body is the parliament consisting of 2 chambers: the House of Lords and the House of Commons. The government is headed by a prime-minister

There are 3 main political parties in GB: the Labor, the Conservative and the Liberal parties. There’s no written constitution in GB only precedents and traditions. The Labor party is the ruling party and Gordon Brown is the prime-minister nowadays.

The queen performs certain important acts of government on the advice of her ministers. The Queen formally summons and dissolves Parliament, and opens each new session with a speech setting out the Government’s broad programmer. She also gives formal assent to laws passed by Parliament.

The House of Commons consist of 635 elected members of Parliament. They are elected either at a general election or at a by-election held when a seat falls vacant. The Government is formed by the political party which can command majority support in the House of Commons. Their leader is the Prime Minister, who chooses a number of ministers, which is collectively responsible for al Government decisions.

The House of Lords is made up of hereditary and life peers, including the low lords and the Lords Spiritual. The House is presided over by the Lord Chancellor who is head of the judiciary in England and Wales.

Legislative measures are introduced into Parliament as Bills, which considered both by the House of Commons and by the House of Lords.

Local government is carried out by democratically elected councils which deal with planning and housing, education, personal social services and many others.