Books for lectures / !!! SignMolecDiffProlif Pictures

Activation of STAT signaling

Receptorassociated PTK is activated and phosphorylates STAT proteins (Signal Transduction and Activator of Transcription), which dimerize and translocate to nucleus where they function as transcription factors

Signaling by Transforming Growth Factor-β superfamily receptors

Smad proteins phosphorylated (note S/T intrinsic kinase) by dimerized receptors; Smad complexes act as transcription factors

Cadherins

Cell Adhesion Molecules

Activation of signal transduction via cell adhesion molecules

Integrin-mediated signaling through associated Tyr-PK

Another example of signaling through integrins via associated PTK

Convergence, Divergence, and Crosstalk

in signal transduction pathways

Signal Divergence, Convergence, and Crossss--talktalk

from PDGF Receptor

Convergence of signals to the Ras pathway

Signal divergence from insulin receptor