687983_a1d9b_aliev_t_i_seti_evm_i_telekommunikacii

123456 1. 789A5 BCADEABF C 2DA32EAA 5 5

%"'42&&'(

1.15

1.-2 2!F9DAB2 9AAB2 – 2 F 8BE4 B 2344 B, 78B2FE3C DB6 B C C 2B 67 F5C 75FE5D44595 7B8B6B44595 E5 3, 7B8B23C3B6 B 75 EB B983A4 6 343 36 FCD ((9# ).

2.-2 2DEAAB2 (!E E E B2) 9AAB2 – 8B C F7B E8B 3FE5E 5E 80 25

12000 7, 7B8B23C3B63D 75 EB BA544 6 # ((A# ), 43 C3B6 6 E3 B C A 9 5DC ABCDE 8 15D57 ((1). 8B 75 E3 6 343 36 7B8B23$EFD C 59834 B445 75 5FB 3FE5E 5E 300 7 25 3400 7, E5 5 BF7B C3BE 83 58 C5FE A83 5 BB 99%.

3..9 4AB2 9AAB2 – 4B752C 4 B 5 83 B4 D.

4.(% E 9AAB2 (C 5C5B CB 34 B) – C 5E B 5E EB BA544, 856B 8B 7B8B23BEFD 6 3, 7B4 B E.7. C F7B E8B 3FE5E 5E 20 7 25 20 7. -D 3 BFECB445 7B8B23 3 2 5 2344 25FE3E5 43 75 5F3 3FE5E 5E 30 7 25 15 7.

5. 6 2E 9AAB2 (EB BC 5445B CB 34 B) – F5C5 745FE 2C FD 5 83 B4 C 5C595 F5785C5 2B4 D C F7B E8B 3FE5E 5E 40 7 25 6 "7. 1 F5C8B6B44 567 EB84 FBED 83 3 E C 2B52344 B E8$ E 75C, 5E 3 BFD E8B 5C34 D6 3 BFEC

7B8B23:

• %45 4 &/5#5&0 .3!, 78B2FE3C D 3D F5 5 6B2 B445 6B4D BFD 5 83 B4 D 383 EB8 3DFD C3671D 9 9 523 D6 C9 9 83156 3234 89;

•565 %3% && 5 572&%5 '$& 1 42$5 2;

•565 %3% && 5 572&%5 ' 4 2 $+ 4 %.

6. 1 E 4AB2 (DFE B2, E 4 32FAB2) 9AAB2 – F5C5 745FE F 6C5 5C, 4378 6B8 2C5 4 F 6C5 5C C 567 EB83.

(B B983A4 B A85C B 2344 B 75 FC5B 78 852B 5E45FDEFD 491 235C7 2344 6, 5FE3 4 B – C3 23276C7 2344 6, 45 5E58 B 659 E E 78B2FE3C B4 (3 52 85C34) C A85C5 A586B.

(B BA544 B, 3 2 5- C 2B52344 B 5E45FDEFD E3 43 C3B6 6 , 6! %,54%2&', 42&&',, 5E58 6 78B2 DC D EFD F7B A BF B

E8B 5C34 D 3 BFEC 7B8B23 75 F83C4B4 F 5 4 6 567 EB84 6 (A85C 6) 2344 6.

21

123456 1. 789A5 BCADEABF C 2DA32EAA 5 5

1.3.34F4 C45375 9 4CF 3B B9 56 B2EBA7E 36 27A7

1.3.1." 7#2 D364 2 D36$D 66 2 57 3E 8757

-D 5 BF7B B4 D %AAB E C4595 A 4 54 85C34 D 567 EB84 6 FBED6 78B2 DC D EFD E8B 5C34 D, 5F45C4 6 F8B2 5E58 DC D EFD

(8 F.1.16):

1)4#' ! – C5 65 45FE 25 3C B4 D C FBE 45C 56754B4E5C (5C 343 5C FCD, F8B2FEC 5 83 5E 2344) B 6B4B4 D F BFEC EB 4 BF 785983664 F8B2FEC;

2)1% 4 ! – F5 834B4 B 83 5E5F75F5 45FE 78 6B4B4 FE8 E 8 FBE C 8B E3EB F 5BC 5E 3 5C 5E2B 4 56754B4E5C FBE78 36B4B 5 58 25C34 D;

3),5 %, ! – C5 65 45FE 83 5E C FBE 5 58 25C34 D

83 4595 E 73 83 4 785 C52 EB B;

4),2 3 2 %# 5, ! – F75F5 45FE FBE CB C3E FC5 785 C52 EB 45FE 78 25 3C B4 8BF 8F5C (5C 343 5C FCD);

5)-//54 % & ! – 5 BF7B B4 B E8B B6595 3 BFEC3 5 F C34 D 75 5C3EB B, 323C3B6595 C C 2B 75 3 3EB B 785 C52 EB 45FE, C8B6B447 32B8 B, 432B 45FE E.2., 78 6 4 63 4 3E83E3.

#5 2&%. 4 #12&%320%% 4 ,"! 5#&'( 5 52

5E 8 E5FE F5C6BFE 65FE %AAB E C45FE

9 5FE 63F*E3 8 B65FE

1.16

2 3 344 B E8B 5C34 D 8B3 EFD 3 F BE CD D 2D6C36DE

D2 C9 99 2 6A3C9 2D 311 9 C FBE, C 5F45CB 5E585 B 3E 754DE D "# 05 2, # &., %& 5#/52 2 % "# 4 62 (8 F.1.17).

C &. %. ,& 1 # &5 2 #12&%320%%

78 3245

"2D 311

F FEB64

,2D63CB

F B64

)C532 3E1

785983664

"2D5D DA

1.17

22

123456 1. 789A5 BCADEABF C 2DA32EAA 5 5

1.3.2. 1234564 2 788D 6 2 34

/ 4 54 85C34 B C F EB 4 F FEB6 FBEB 25 45 57 F C3E C EB86 43 785 BFF5C.

*FE 2 – 2 436 BF 5 B E, 8B3 B B43783C B44 3 E 5 83 5E 7B8B23 2344.

'85 BFF 2B DEFD 43:

1) "#%4624&'5 – 5 83 5E 3 2344 C !1" EB86 43 456 5 58 25C34, 3 E3 B 7B8B23 3 2344 C '-;

2) % 5,&'5 – 5 BF7B B4 B 78 324 785 BFF5C (3 E C 3 D EB86 43 3 2 D 78 324595 785 BFF3, 58934 3 D FCD 6B 2 785 BFF36 28.).

-344 B 6B 2 785 BFF36 7B8B23 EFD C C 2B F55 B4 B8B 59 BF B 7859836645-58934 5C344 B E5, 43 C3B6 B EF39.

'58E 83 2B D EFD 43 6FD4C73 67FD4C73.

'856B E5 C8B6B4, C EB B4 B 5E58595 C 3 652B FEC E 785 BFF, 43 C3BEFD 29A E 2 2.

1 3 256 B 5 83 5E 2344 (567 EB8B) 659 E 5245C8B6B445 C 75 4DE FD 4BF 5 5 4B 3C F 6 78 324 785 BFF5C, FCD 344, 4378 6B8, F 5 83 5E 5 2344 (E3 B 785 BFF 43 C3 EFD C F EB- 4 6 785 BFF36). !E 785 BFF 7 E$6 5 6B43 F55 B4 D6 B8B F55ECBEFEC B 758E 659 E C 3 652B FEC5C3E F 78 324 6 785 BFF36, 785EB 3 6 C 28 9 3 C F EB 45 FBE E3, 3 %E5 75 3 345 43 8 F.1.18.

32BF C B 1 2 C 75 4D EFD 75 3 78 324 785 BFF3 .1, .2, .311, 12, 13 F55ECBEFECB445, 3 C B 3 C 75 4DBEFD 52 4 78 3245 785 BFF . !E 785 BFF B8B F55ECBEFEC B 758E 5 6B4 C3 EFD

23

123456 1. 789A5 BCADEABF C 2DA32EAA 5 5

&FE 2A4 (layer) – 754DE B, 75 C5 D BB 83 2B E CF F5C5 745FE A 4 5 83 5E 7B8B23 2344 C C F EB 45 FBE 43 4BF 5 5 B838 BF 98 77. )3 3 256 85C4B 8B3 EFD 578B2B B44 B A 4 5 83 5E 7B8B23 2344 F 7565 377383E4 / 785983664 F8B2FEC FBE. #3 2 85CB4 5 F C3BE C *B B 3 85CB4 , C FC5 5 B8B2, 75 BEFD F 936 4 B B 3 B95.

1.3.3. B2 7 $D6 2 7 85 64 25 E5E 86857 (OSI-2 7)

"B 2 4385243D +8934 3 D 75 E34238E36 ("+ , International Standards Organization – ISO) 78B2 5 3 C 3 BFECB FE34238E3 5E 8 E F FEB6 FB6 85C4BC 566 4 3 544 652B (8 F.1.19), CBFE4

#3 2 85CB4 OSI-652B 5ECB 3BE 3 5E2B 4 B F7B A BF B A 4 C 566 4 3 D 8B3 BEFD EB 4 BF 6 785983664 6 F8B2FEC36 C F EB 45 FBE.

1.3.3.1. 1232456728 9ABC5DE

5# 5&! 1 – /%3%$5 4%2 (physical layer) – F36 4 85CB4 OSI-652B, 578B2B D 785 BFF 785 5 2B4 D F 943 5C B8B F8B2 7B8B23 6B 2 FBEBC 6 FE85 FEC36 (36 FBE).

.*3 A9 35 783C B4 B 343 56 FCD:

•752 B4 B 5E B4 B 343 3 FCD;

•A586 85C34 B 7B8B23C3B6 F 943 5C E.7.

% 9176 35:

•6B 34 BF B, % B E8 BF B A 4 543 4 B 383 EB8 FE F8B2 7B8B23;

•F8B2FEC3 2 D FE345C B4 D, 7522B8 34 D 83 B2 4B4 D A BF 595 F5B2 4B4 D.

% 31 3896 35 78 4B5 52 65FE:

•52 85C34 B 2344;

•652 D F 943 3, 7B8B23C3B6595 75 F8B2B.

24

123456 1. 789A5 BCADEABF C 2DA32EAA 5 5

-344 B A BF 595 85C4D 78B2FE3C D E F5 5 75E5 E5C (75F B25C3EB 45FE 4 B B2 4), 3 52 85C344 B C C 2B % B E8 BF, 57E BF 832 5 F 943 5C.

,-3 43 D 756B, C5 2B FEC 43 % B E8 BF 4 FCD, E 3E 2FAE 34 2F2 9, 6B8DB63D 3 CB85DE45FE F 3 B4 D 524595 E3, F5FE3C DBE 10-4 – 10 -6. !E5 5 43 3BE, E5 C F8B24B6 43 10000 – 1000000 E 7B8B23C3B6 2344 52 4 E 5 3 C3BEFD F 3$44 6.

1.3.3.2. F D ED 8 9ABC5DE

2&26!&'2 # 5&! # 5&! "5#542$% 42&&'( (data link layer)

DC DBEFD CE58 6 85C4B6 OSI-652B. *3 A9 35 783C B4 B:

•25FE 756 FBEBC FE85 FEC F8B2B 7B8B23, 5923 2C3 5 BB FE85 FEC 659 E F75 5C3E 524 E B F8B2 7B8B23;

•432B 45 7B8B23 B 2344 C 343 B FCD, 75 C5 D B CB E 25FE5CB845FE 7B8B23 2344 43 2-4 758D2 3.

% 9176 35 6BE52 25FE 73 FBEBC FE85 FEC F8B2B 7B8B23, 5F45C344 B, 4378 6B8, 43 7B8B23 B 638 B83 43 F57B84 BFECB.

% 31 3896 35:

•A 4 543 4 B 785 B2 84 B F8B2FEC3 2 D FE345C B4 D, 7522B8 34 D 83 8 C3 F5B2 4B4 D;

•783C B4 B 75E5 56 2 D 78B25EC83 B4 D 7B8B75 4B4 D 78 B64595 FE85 FEC3, BF B95 F 585FE 6B4 *B, B6 F 585FE 7B8B23 B95 FE85 FEC3;

•432B 4 7B8B23 2344 B8B A BF 343 F CB85DE45FE F 3 B4 D 2344 10-8 – 10 -9 3 F$E 78 6B4B4 D 6BE525C F8B2FEC3 54E85 D 7B8B23C3B6 2344 75CE5845 7B8B23 2344 78 5 438 B4 5*.

(3 6 5 83 56, 343 4 85CB4 5 BF7B C3BE 25FE3E5 45 432B 4 7B8B23 2344 B8B 4B432B 4 A BF 343.

6 5 2344, 7B8B23C3B6 43 343 456 85C4B, 43 C3BEFD

9 FE (frame).

)3 C ABCD 2D6C3 75DC DBEFD FC5 FEC5 4231 3 D159

7B8B23C3B6 2344 C C 2B 9 9831 9F (&9CC7F) 4231D6, 43 C3B6 E3 B MAC-9 F2 9 DC D FD 5 45 4 3 4 6 2B4E A 3E5836 FBEBC FE85 FEC.

#3 2BE 75 3 345 C 83 2B B 3, 4 CB8F3 4 B ". -328BF3 C 01 Ethernet Token Ring DC D EFD 6-3 E4 6 37 F C3 EFD C *BFE432 3EB8 456 C 2B, 78$6 3 E 328BF3 83 2B B4 2BA F56,

4378 6B8: 00-19-45-A2-B4-DE .

# 785 B2 836 343 4595 85C4D 5E45FDEFD:

•25 3C B4 B C 328 F55ECBEFEC 328BF5C;

•54E85 5* 5;

•75CE5843D, 78 4B5 52 65FE, 7B8B23 3 3285C.

)3 343 456 85C4B 83 5E3 E 01 Ethernet, Token Ring FDDI.

25

123456 1. 789A5 BCADEABF C 2DA32EAA 5 5

1.3.3.3. 5 5CB8 9ABC5DE

5 5 2 # 5&! (network layer), C 5E B 5E 2C 78B2 2, 5ECB 3BE 3 7B8B23 2344 C '- 783C DBE 638*8 E 3 B F55 B4 – 7B8B23 B B8B 4BF 5 5 343 5C FCD 75 5245 4BF 5 6 FBED6, E5 5 45 E8B BE C B4 D C 73 BE 13536D D 4231 75 3EB D.

6 5 2344, 7B8B23C3B6 43 FBEBC56 85C4B, 43 C3BEFD 9 23E

(packet).

1232 E 9 F2 – %E5 F7B A BF 2B4E A 3E58 2 D 3 25 7856B E5 45 FBE 6B 2 FE5 4 56 78 B64 56 4A5863.

BEBC5 85CB4 8B3 BE:

•5 83 5E 5* 5,

•6 E 7 B F 85C34 B 73 BE5C;

•783C B4 B 75E5 36 2344.

36 B CBFE4 B 785E5 5 %E595 85C4D:

•9.25 C FBED F 566 E3 B 73 BE5C;

•IP C FBED TCP/IP;

•IPX/SPX C FBED NetWare.

#856B E595, FBEBC56 85C4 5E45FDEFD 785E5 5 75FE85B4 D 638*8 E4 E3 2 D 638*8 E 3E585C: OSPF, RIP, ES-IS, IS-IS.

1.3.3.4. A D6 BA D 8 9ABC5DE

#2& " # &'2 # 5&! (transport layer) 43 5 BB 4EB8BFB4 C F* 85C4B 2 D 326 4 FE83E585C 83 83 5E 5C FBEB, E3 3 54 783C DBE F C5 45 7B8B23 B F55 B4 6B 2 5 54B 4 6 36 FBE ("end-end"), 5 BF7B C3D 432B 45FE % 5456 BF %AAB E C45FE 7B8B23 2344 4B 3C F 65 5E 75 5C3EB D. '8 %E56 5 54B 4 B C5 65 45 C 3 652B FEC E B8B 4BF 5 5 5C 23 B B8B 4BF 5 5 E834 E4 FBEB.

)3 E834F758E456 85C4B 8B3 BEFD:

1)23D 2 D6 C93 4A9CC7F 1DD 3C9E 6 357 78 7B8B23 B C FBE 5 83E45B 78B5 83 5C34 B;

2)DC52DAB D1A34D6 53ABCD159 2DFD 43C9 35D6;

3)23 A92D6 C93 52 9 6 1359;

4)2 1 D C 6 C93 4 A92D6 CC7F 35D6 4 E5 B4 B.

75F5 566 4 3 "end-end" 5 B9 3BEFD B B 524 6 F75F5 56 328BF3 – 9 F2 E FE 2 9, 5E58 F55E45F EFD F 578B2B B445 78 3245 785983665 (78 324 6 785 BFF56), C 75 4DB65 43 567 EB8B. #567 EB8 5 45 C 75 4DBE 5245C8B6B445 4BF 5 5 78598366, C FCD F B6 4B5 52 65 43E 3 5 78 3245 78598366B (785 BFF) 78B243 43 B45 75FE 7 C*BB F55 B4 B.1 -D %E595 43

E834F758E456 85C4B F75 BEFD F7B 3 4 328BF, 43 C3B6 24#5 , " # 2. BEBC5 85CB4 25FE3C DBE 3 2 73 BE 43 54 8BE4

328BF 567 EB83, 3 E834F758E4 85CB4 7B8B23$E 75 45FE F5 83445B F55 B4 B 54 8BE456 78 32456 785 BFF 43 %E56 567 EB8B.

26

123456 1. 789A5 BCADEABF C 2DA32EAA 5 5

(834F758E4 85CB4 65 BE 78B25FE3C DE 83 4 B E 7 FB8C F5C, C 3FE45FE, 7B8B23 2344 B FE345C B4 D F5B2 4B4 D F 78B2C38 EB 4 6 FE345C B4 B6 F5B2 4B4 D. 1 75F B24B6 F 3B 7B8B2 43 3 56 7B8B23 2344 F F75 5C34 B6 F7B 3 4 783C D 73 BE5C FE343C C3BEFD F5B2 4B4 B F E834F758E4 6 85C4B6 567 EB83, 5E5856 78B243 43 B4 7B8B23C3B6 B 2344 B. '5F B E595 3 CFB 2344 B 7B8B234, 752 B4 B 3 34 C3BEFD. '8 7B8B23 B 2344 B FE345C B4 D F5B2 4B4 D E834F758E4 85CB4 F75 BEFD 2 D 7B8B23 52 45 4 73 BE5C, 43 C3B6 43E5 2 9, 4B 93834E 8 D432B 4 25FE3C. 'B8B23 3 2344 F FE345C B4 B6 F5B2 4B4 D 78 6B4DBEFD 2 D 432B 45 25FE3C 2344.

1.3.3.5. 5 D6BC 8 9ABC5DE

52& '2 # 5&! (session layer) 5 BF7B C3BE 5 F C34 B 2C "FCD 344" 43 85C4B 78B2FE3C B4 D 2344 5 B E5C FBE 783C DBE CB2B4 B6 2 3 593 6B 2 4 6 7 EB6 F 4 854 3, 3 3 B FD C FE345C B F B 4 6BE5 C4 E8 2 44 F55 B4. !E 6BE 75 C5 D E 75F B 5 438 B4 D 5* 75CE58 E 7B8B23 2344 4B F F36595 43 3 3, 3 E5 5 F E595 6BFE3, 92B 43 52 EFD 3 *3D 78B2 2 3D 6BE 3 75 5E45*B4 6BFE C5 4 45CB4 D 5*.

B34F5C 85CB4 78B25FE3C DBE F 9 75 58934 3 F 4 854 3 5 6B43 2344 6 6B 2 785 BFF36 85C4D 78B2FE3C B4.

)3 FB34F5C56 85C4B 8B3 BEFD:

1)15 CD6A3C93 1D349C3C9 F 328BF3E56 2 6A3C93 13 C1D;

2)DD249C 9 16 9 29 A 4C7F 2D 2 43 2C 83 5 FE34 D.

1.3.3.6. ABC5DE A5 6 C 5D2

5# 5&! "#54 2 65&%. (presentation layer) 5 BF7B C3BE F5C5 745FE F B 4 57B83, 5E58 B 65 45 C 83E 43 78 32456 85C4B 2 D 4EB878BE3 7B8B23C3B6 75 3B6 2344. !E F B 4 B 57B83 C 3 E C FB D:

•2 6A3C93 9C D2 9DCC7 D 3CD;

•23D 2 D6 C93 (323 D492D6) 4 CC7F C5 C4 E8B44 A5863E 3 25 54 8BE45 !1" 5 83E45;

•&9 2D6 C93 9 43&9 2D6 C93 4 CC7F F B 3 E 5E 4BF34 54 85C344595 25FE 73;

•1 593 4 CC7F, 75 C5 D BB 6B4 * E 5$6 7B8B23C3B6 2344, E5 5F5 B445 3 E 3 45 78 7B8B23 B 6 E 6B2 4 2344, E3 3 3 2 5 C 2B5.

B 4 B 57B83 %E595 85C4D 78B2FE3C D E F5 5 5F45C CFB FB6 85C4BC5 652B D 6DA 5 16 76 5B 6D349CD 532 9C A7 9 1234156 67891A953ABCDE 53FC9 9 (D B 5327) 1 7F 2 C7F 59 D6 9 2D9 6D4953A3E.

27

123456 1. 789A5 BCADEABF C 2DA32EAA 5 5

1.3.3.7. A27 DB8 9ABC5DE

C#%4624& 2 # 5&! (application layer) 5 BF7B C3BE 4B75F8B2FECB44 7522B8 78 324 785 BFF5C 78598366 54B 4595 75 5C3EB D, 3 E3 B 783C B4 B C 3 652B FEC B6 %E 78598366 F 83 4 6 5 B E36 FBE. -8 9 6 F 5C36, 78 3245 85CB4 5 BF7B C3BE 4EB8AB F 6B 2 78 324 6 '+ F FEB65 FCD. +4 78B25FE3C DBE 78 3245 78598366B 25FE 7 83 4 6 FBEBC 6 F 36, C 3D 7B8B23 A3 5C % B E8544 75 E.

1.3.3.8. AB 566 5A5 42 6BB 5D28 C OSI-B 5 2

(2 C1 D25C7E, 13 C1D67E, 23415 6953AB1 9E 9 29 A 4CDE 2D6C9

(85C4 4 – 7) 5E45FDEFD ' 3%, # &., OSI-, 456%. 1 5E B 5E &%33%( # &52 (1 – 3) 54 5ECB 3 E 3 566 4 3 E 73 "end-end",

E.B. 566 4 3 6B 2 FE5 4 56 78 B64 56 F55 B4 D.

1 F55ECBEFEC F OSI-652B F55 B4 D C 7B8B23 B6 365 (567 EB8B) 785 52DE C4 B8B CFB 85C4 5E CB8 4B95 57 25 F36595 4 4B95 51 (8 F.1.20), 78 B6 64595 85C4BC3D 58934 3 D 783C B4 D 785 BFF36 C FBE 7585 23BE 4B5 52 65FE 652 A 85C3E 43 3 256 85C4B 7B8B23C3B6 B F55 B4 D 78 6B4 EB 45 A 4 D6, 8B3 B6 6 43 %E56 85C4B. "52 A 3 D 3 3BEFD C 25 3C B4 F55 B4 43 3 256 85C4B F55ECBEFEC 395 5C 5C i 54 BC 5C i, 43 C3B6 E"F9 2A 2 EE")2A, C 5E58 F52B8 EFD 4A5863 D 5 328BF3 C 3 652B FEC 5 B E5C, 3 E3 B 4A5863 D, 4B5 52 63D 2 D 5 83 5E F55 B4 D 43 234456 85C4B.

123456 1. 789A5 BCADEABF C 2DA32EAA 5 5

7B8B23 B F8B2. 1 78 B6456 B (567 EB8B) F55 B4 B 5E 4 4B95 A BF 595 85C4D 51 785 52 E 43CB8 B8B CFB 85C4, 92B 5E 4B95 5EFB 3 EFD F55ECBEFEC B 395 5C 54 BC. (3 6 5 83 56, 3 2 85CB4 57B8 8 BE F F5 FECB44 6 395 5C 56 54 BC 56, 3 F BE B95 5 BF7B C3BEFD 4B 3C F 65FE 2344, 5E45FD FD 83 4 6 85C4D6 783C B4 D 7B8B23 B F55 B4.

1.3.4. IEEE-2 7 2 D 3E 8757

,4FE E E 4 B4B85C 75 % B E854 B % B E85EB 4 B (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers – IEEE) 78B2 5 C38 34E OSI-652B,

F75 B6 78 83 83 5E B 785B E 85C34 5 3 4 FBEB 75 C* 43 C34 B IEEE-E 2.

1 IEEE-652B 343 4 85CB4 83 C3BEFD 43 2C3 752 85C4D

(8 F.1.21):

•E %FE 2A4 % F9 2A E 3% E F2 2 2F2 9 (Medium Access Control, MAC-E %FE 2A4), 57 F C3 1 D1D 4D15 13536D D 152DE156 12343 3234 89 4 CC7F;

•E %FE 2A4 % F9 2A E! 2 E2 A2A 2 (Logical Link Control, LLC-E %FE 2A4), 57 F C3 1 D1D 15 CD6A3C9 9

632&3C9 1D349C3C9, 3 E3 B 1 D1D 3234 89 4 CC7F.

78 5 B4 D, F75 2 D 54E85 D 7B8B23 2344 3 E 5E 5* 5 785E5 5 5 BB C F5 85C4B.

B8C F F FE345C B4 B6 F5B2 4B4 D 5 BF7B C3BE 432B 4 5 6B4 2344 6.

7 3C45 A 4 B -# &. DC DBEFD 5 BF7B B4 B 25FE 73 343 7B8B23 2344. )3 %E56 85C4B A586 8 BEFD A BF 328BF FE85 FEC3, 5E58 43 C3BEFD 7(1-9 F2 E. #3 25B FE85 FEC5 FBE 2B4E A 8 BEFD %E 6 C9 ABC7 328BF56, 5E58 78 FC3 C3BEFD CFB6 FBEBC 6 FE85 FEC36.

29

123456 1. 789A5 BCADEABF C 2DA32EAA 5 5

1.3.5. 1234564 6357 F7 8D 6 252 2 D

+7 F34 B FBEBC5 EB 45 59 3 958 E63 A 4 54 85C34 D 567 EB845 FBE FCD 345 F 57 F34 B6 F55ECBEFEC 4EB8AB F5C 785E5 5 5C.

CA32FD2 – F59 3*B4 B 5 C 3 652B FEC (9834 B) 6B 2 85C4D6 5245 F FEB6, 578B2B D BB FE8 E 8 2344 F75F5 (3 958 E6) 5 6B43 2344 6 3 4 1D134C9 9 2D6C 9 OSI-652B.

,4EB8AB F 75283 2B D EFD 43:

1)1F3 C73 – F5C5 745FE 4EB8AB F4 * 4;

2)2D 2 C73 – F5C5 745FE 785 B2 8 8B3 758D25 C 3 652B FEC D 6B 2 85C4D6.

*FE3E E – F5C5 745FE 783C, 8B9 36B4E 8 A5863E 785 B2 8 C 3 652B FEC D 785 BFF5C D4CD9 3CC7F 2D6C3E 43 5F45CB 5 6B43 F55 B4 D6.

+7 F34 B 785E5 5 3 78B275 393BE 3234 B:

1) 6 1%$5 4 2 (2#24 5#% %4% "# 4 62, 578B2B D B

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