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«

location [l´U keIS(´)n] (n) – the place or position where someone or something is

«

separate« [ sep´reIt] (v) – divide into parts; separate [ s´p(´)r´t] (adj) – not together

narrow (adj) – small in width, not wide (широкий)

 

link (v) – antonym: separate

 

 

 

а

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

be made up of – consist of, include

 

 

л

 

 

 

 

о

 

 

 

surround (v) – be / stand around somebody / something

 

 

 

 

к

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

a border (n) – a dividing line between countries or geo-

 

graphic regions

 

ш

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

border on / upon (v) – lie along the dividing line

 

 

 

 

я

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

а

 

 

 

 

 

5a. Name five new эfactsйyouшhave learnt about the UK. What’s the most interesting fact for you? Work in pairs.

5b. Play “The last sentence” game about the UK with your class. Remember as many facts as you can.

6. Do you know how long the Belarusian border is? Ask your teacher

 

 

ш

about the length of the border with the neighbouring countries. Add

up all the numbers and calculate the total length (длину).

В

ы

 

Model: How long is the Belarusian border with Russia?

Belarus borders on five« countries: Russia in the east and northeast« (? km), Latvia [ lQtvI´] in the north (?«km), Lithuania [«lITjU eInI´] in the northwest (? km), Poland [ p´Ul´nd] in the west (? km), and Ukraine in the south (? km).

Water borders: none.

11

Правообладатель "Вышэйшая школа"

7a. What do the sentences with words in italics mean? (See ex. 4a.)

Grammar aid: Present Simple Active and Passive

Present Simple Active Voice

Four seas wash the UK.

 

S

+

 

V(es)

 

 

 

 

 

 

а

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Present Simple Passive Voice

 

 

 

 

The UK is washed by four seas.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

л

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

о

 

S

+

 

am / is / are +

 

V3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

к

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

7b. Write about Belarus. Use the Present Simple Passive Voice.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ш

 

 

 

Model: My country is situated in the centre of Europe.

 

 

 

 

 

я

 

 

 

 

 

My motherland is the Republic of Belarus. My country (si-

 

 

 

 

 

а

 

 

 

 

 

tuate) in the centreйofшEurope. It (make up) of six regions: Brest, Vitebsk, эGomel, Grodno, Minsk and Mogilev. Belarus

(not wash) by any seas or oceans, so it (not separate) from other countries byшseas and oceans. Belarus (border) by five countries.

Belarusыis mostly flat (плоская). Some uplands can (find) near Minsk and in some districts of Mogilev and Grodno regions. MostВof Belarus (cover) by forests. It is a beautiful country with lots of rivers and lakes and very gently rolling hills in some parts.

Lesson 3. A beautiful variety

1a. Listen to the poem and read it. What is it about? What are the poet’s feelings?

12

Правообладатель "Вышэйшая школа"

1b. Learn it by heart.

My Heart’s in the Highlands

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

by Robert Burns (1759–1796)

My heart’s in the Highlands, my

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

heart is not here;

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

My heart’s in the Highlands

chase – охотиться

 

 

 

a-chasing the deer;

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

A-chasing the wild deer, and

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

following the roe,

roe [r´U] – косу я

 

My heart’s in the Highlands

 

 

 

 

 

а

 

 

 

 

 

« л

 

 

 

 

wherever I go.

 

 

 

 

Farewell to the Highlands,

 

farewell [«fe´ wel] = good-

 

 

farewell to the North,

bye

о

 

 

 

 

«

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The birthplace of Valour, the

 

valour [кvQl´] – бесстрашие

 

 

country of Worth;

worth [wз:T] – достоинство

Wherever I wander, wherever

 

 

 

 

«

 

 

 

 

wander [ wÅnd´] – бродить

 

 

 

 

I rove,

 

ш

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

rove – странствовать

 

The hills of the Highlands for

я

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ever I love.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Farewell to the mountains highа

cover [«k v´] – покрывать

 

 

 

covered with snow;

 

Farewell to the straths and green

strath [strQT] – плоская

 

 

 

 

 

ш

 

 

речная долина

 

 

 

 

 

 

valleys below;

 

 

 

 

Farewell to the forestsйand wild-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

hangingэ

woods;

 

 

 

«

 

 

 

Farewell to the torrents and loud-

 

 

 

 

 

 

torrent [ tÅr´nt] – горный

 

 

 

pouring floods.

поток, flood [fl d] – поток,

 

 

ш

 

 

 

наводнение

 

 

 

My heart’s in the Highlands, my

 

 

 

 

 

ы

heart is not here;

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

My heart’s in the Highlands

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

В

 

a-chasing the deer;

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

A-chasing the wild deer, and

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

following the roe,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

My heart’s in the Highlands

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

wherever I go.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

13

 

Правообладатель "Вышэйшая школа"

 

 

 

 

 

 

2. Look through the webpage for tourists about the British landscape. What can you see? What’s your opinion of these places?

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

plains

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

а

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

lowlands

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

highlands

 

 

 

 

 

л

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

о

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ш

 

к

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

hills

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

moorlands

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

я

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

а

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

rivers

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

lakes

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

valleys

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

й

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Help box. I like … I think it’s / they’re …

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

э

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

attractive, unattractive, beautiful, dull, picturesque, amas-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

«

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ing, fantastic, super,шgreat, marvellous [ mA:v´l´s], fasci-

 

nating

ш

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ы

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3a. Read about the British landscape. Why is it described as full of

contrasts and varied?

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

В

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

«

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The UK«is a real attraction for tourists. It’s full of beauty and contrasts [ kÅntrA:sts], ranging from the Northwest Highlands and the Grampian Mountains of Scotland to the lowlands in the south and east of England and along the coast elsewhere in the UK.

Its landscape is extremely varied [ ve´rId], so everyone will find something they will enjoy. There are grassy plains, beautiful wide and narrow valleys and purple heathery1 moorlands

«

1 heathery [ herI] – вересковые

14

Правообладатель "Вышэйшая школа"

«

[ mU´l´ndz] covering the mountains, velvet (бархатные) hills, thick (густые) forests, picturesque lakes and marvellous beaches.

3b. Look through the text again and match the words with their translation. Check in pairs, then with the whole class.

1. be full of, 2. range (from … to) (v), 3. varied (adj), 4. a plain

(n), 5. a valley (n), 6. cover (v).

 

 

 

 

 

а

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

л

A. покрывать, B. pазнообразный, C. быть полным (чего-л.),

D. pавнина, E. простираться от … до, F. долина.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

о

 

 

 

 

 

 

к

 

 

4a. Read and compare. What do the words mean?

 

 

moorland = moor (верещатник, болото) + land =

болотистая местность, покрытая верес ом

 

 

 

midlands = middle (средний) + lands (земли) = “земли в

середине”

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Highland, lowland, homeland, motherland, wonderland, Dis-

neyland, Scotland.

 

я

ш

 

 

 

 

4b. What words are missing?

 

 

 

 

 

1. My … is Belarus. 2. On mapsа… is usually coloured brown

 

 

й

 

 

 

 

 

 

and lowland is …. 3. We can find a lot of swings, slides, merry-

 

э

 

 

 

 

 

 

go-rounds and other rides in …. 4. … is a beautiful country in

the north of Great Britain.ш5. “Alice in …” is a famous book by

Lewis Carroll.

ш

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5. Your friend is going to Britain. Advise him or her to see some

places.

ы

 

recommend doing something

В

 

recommend someone / something to someone recommend / advise someone to do something

Help box. A. What places could you advise / recommend me to visit?

B. I (strongly) advise you to go to the Highlands. / I recommend going to the Highlands. / By all means (you should) go to the Highlands. / They’re marvellous. You can see … there. A: It sounds great! / I’m already fascinated.

15

Правообладатель "Вышэйшая школа"

6.Imagine you are in Britain and are asked different questions about Belarus (Lessons 1 – 3). Role play the talk.

7.This is an encyclopedia text about the landscape of Belarus. Change the text to make it attractive for tourists. Write it.

 

 

 

а

2

 

к

л

 

«

Type of landscape: generally flat (обычно пл ский) (the

 

ш

 

 

average elevation1 is 162 meters above sea level);оhighlands in

Northern Belarus with a hilly landscape and gently sloping ridges ; lowlands in the south with the swampy [ swÅmpI] plain (болотистая равнина) of Polyessye, shared with Ukraine,

Poland and Russia; one-third of the country is covered with

pushchas, large unpopulated forests.

 

 

 

 

я

 

noun + y = adjective

 

 

 

swamp (болото) + y = swampyа (болотистый)

 

Hilly, swampy, heathery, rocky, grassy, stony.

 

 

 

ш

 

 

populated – unpopulated inhabited – uninhabited

 

 

 

й

 

 

 

 

э

 

 

 

Lesson 4. The longest, the highest,

the deepest

 

 

 

 

 

ш

 

 

 

 

1a. The world is full of wonders. Which is

ы

 

 

 

 

 

1) the biggest island in the world?

a)ВAustralia. b) Greenland. c) Great Britain.

2) the longest river in the world?

a) The Amazon. b) The Yangtze River. c) The Nile [naIl].

1 the average elevation – средняя высота; 2 gently sloping ridges

пологие гребни (холмов)

16

Правообладатель "Вышэйшая школа"

3)the widest river in the world?

a)The Amazon. b) The Mississippi. c) The Irtish.

4)the biggest lake in the world?

a)Lake Superior. b) Lake Baikal. c) The Caspian Sea.

5)the deepest lake in the world?

a)Lake Baikal. b) Lake Tanganyika (Africa).

c) The Caspian Sea.

 

 

 

а

6) the longest mountain range in the world?

 

 

a) The Alps. b) The Andes. c) The Urals.

 

 

7) the highest peak in the world?

 

 

 

 

 

л

a) K2. b) Everest. c) Kilimanjaro.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1b. Listen and check your guesses.

 

о

 

к

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2. Make a web page of UK’s extremes. First read and answer. Which

of the facts is the most surprising for you?

 

 

 

 

We can hardly (едва ли) find greatшdis-

 

 

 

 

 

«

 

 

 

 

 

tances [ dIst´nsIz] in the UK, as it is an is-

 

 

 

 

land country. It is small, lovely,яcosy,

 

 

 

 

varied and extremely attractive. It is full of

 

 

 

 

beauty.

 

а

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Compare it with the world’s geography.

 

 

 

 

 

 

йш

 

 

 

 

 

 

э

 

 

 

 

The largest of the British Isles – Great Britain – is about

the Cambrian Mountainsш in Wales, which are 150km long. The rivers in Britain are not very long« either. But of course

230,000 sq km. The world’s largest island Greenland is

2,176,000 sq km. It means that Greenland is almost ten times

as large as« Great Britain. The longest mountain range – the

they are notыso short as the Haolai [«hAI´U lAI] River in China and they are not as narrow as this river. The Haolai River is almost

Andes [DI Qndi:z] – is 9,000km long. It is sixty times as long as

twentyВtimes shorter than the Thames. The total length of the Haolai River is about 17km and its average depth is about 50

centimetres. Usually, it is a bit more than 10 cm wide. The narrowest part is only a few centimetres. You can put a book on it as a bridge. Therefore it is also called the Book Bridge River. Experts are surprised that this narrow river is like (как) any natural river. They also proved (доказали) that the Haolai River

17

Правообладатель "Вышэйшая школа"

has been flowing (течет) for more than 10,000 years.

But none of the UK’s rivers can compare with such a huge river as the Amazon. It is almost (почти) as long as the Nile. But the second longest river in the world is the widest. Many

kilometers from its mouth the Amazon can be as wide as 11 kilometres. During the wet season, parts of the Amazon are more than 190 kilometres in width. At the place where it meets the At-

lantic, it is as wide as 325 km. Because of its

 

 

а

huge size, it is sometimes called the River

 

 

 

л

Sea. Nowhere is the Amazon crossed by

 

bridges. This is not because of its huge width,

о

 

but because most of the river flows through

 

 

 

 

tropical rainforest, where there are few roads

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

к

 

 

and even fewer cities, so there is no need for

 

 

 

crossings.

 

 

 

 

 

ш

 

 

 

 

What do the words in italics mean?

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

я

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

adjective – noun

 

 

long – length

 

deep (глубокий) – depth (глубина)

 

 

 

 

wide – width

 

 

 

а

 

 

warm – warmth

 

 

 

 

strong – strength

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ш

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Grammar focus: Comparative sentences

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

й

 

 

 

 

 

 

+

Greenland is almost ten times as large as

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

э

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Great Britain. = 1 is a lot (larger) than 2.

 

 

 

 

 

 

2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ш

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

?

 

Is the Amazon as long as the Nile?

 

 

 

 

 

 

As long as = the same as

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ы

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The UK rivers are not as / not so short as the Haolai

 

 

В

 

 

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

River. = 1 is longer than 2.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3. Work in pairs. How does the UK compare with the rest of the world?

18

Правообладатель "Вышэйшая школа"

A. Look at the table and compare the longest rivers in the world, Belarus and in the UK.
The longest rivers (kilometers)

 

in the world

the Nile

 

 

the Amazon

 

the Yangtze

 

 

6,650

 

 

6,400

 

 

6,300

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

in the UK

the River

 

 

the River

 

the River

 

 

Severn

 

 

Thames

 

 

Trent

 

 

«

 

 

[temz]

 

 

 

а

 

 

[ sevn]

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

354

 

 

346

 

 

 

297

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

in Belarus

the River

 

 

the River

 

the River

 

 

Dnepr

 

 

Berezina

 

 

Pripyatл

 

 

690

 

 

613

 

 

 

495

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

о

 

 

 

Model: The longest river in the world is only 250km longer

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

к

 

 

 

 

than the second longest river. The longest river in

 

the world is almost 20 times as long as the UK

 

longest river. The longest Belarusian river is almost

 

 

 

 

 

 

ш

 

 

 

 

 

 

twice (= two times) as long as the UK longest river.

 

The second longest river …

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

я

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

а

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

B. Work in pairs. One of the students gets a card from the teacher. Ask each other for the missing information.

 

 

 

 

 

ш

 

 

 

 

 

The largest lakes (square kilometres)

 

 

 

 

й

 

 

 

 

 

 

э

 

 

 

in the world

 

The Caspian Sea

Lake Superior

Lake Victoria

 

 

 

(Kazakhstan)

(U.S.–Canada)

(Africa)

 

 

 

371,000

 

68,800

 

 

 

 

ш

 

 

 

 

 

in the UK

ы

 

Lough [lÅk]

 

Lower Lough

Loch [lÅk]

В

 

Neagh [neI]

 

Erne [з:n]

Lomond

 

(N. Ireland)

 

(N. Ireland)

«

 

 

 

 

[ l´Um´nd]

 

 

 

 

109.5

(Scotland)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

in Belarus

 

Lake

 

 

Lake Osveya

Lake

 

 

 

Naroch

 

(Vitebsk

Chervonoye

 

 

 

(Minsk region)

region)

(Gomel region)

 

 

 

79.6

 

 

40.3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

19

Правообладатель "Вышэйшая школа"

C. Look and compare the largest lakes in the UK and the rest of the world (see ex. 3A).

Help box. What’s the area of … / How large is …?

40.3 – forty point three

D. Copy the table in your exercise-books. Listen andаwrite in the figures.

 

 

 

The highest peaks (metres)

л

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

о

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

к

 

 

 

 

 

in the world

Mount Everest

 

K2

 

 

 

 

 

Kanchenjunga

 

 

(the Himalayas)

(the Himalayas)

(the Himalayas)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ш

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

in the UK

Ben Nevis

 

Snowdon

 

Scafell Pike

 

 

 

«

 

 

 

 

я«

 

 

 

 

 

«

 

 

 

 

 

[ben nevIs]

 

[ sn´Ud´n]

 

[«skç:fel paIk]

 

 

(Scotland)

а

 

 

 

 

 

(the Cumbrian

 

 

 

(the Cambrian

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mountains,

 

Mountains,

 

 

 

 

 

йш

 

 

 

 

 

 

Wales)

 

 

 

 

 

England)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

э

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ы

ш

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

E. Look,Вcompare and write about the highest peaks in the UK and the rest of the world (see the model in ex. 3A).

4. Write a text for the web page about the UK’s extremes (10 – 12 sentences).

20

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