Metodichka_Fitopatologiya_Modul_I
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: cinia recondita f. sp. tritici Rob. ex. Desm.,
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. 2.4. (Tilletia l evis, Tilletia caries): –
; – ; –
; – T. l evis; – T. caries; – .
. 2.5. (Ustilago tritici): – ; – .
. 2.6. (Urocystis tritici): – ; – .
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. 2.7. (Neovossia indica): – ; –
; – .
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. 2.8. (Tilletia |
controversa): – |
; |
– ; – . |
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. 2.9. (Puccinia graminis): –
; – , ; ; –
; – ; – ; – .
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. 2.10. (Puccinia |
recondita): – ; |
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– ; – ; – ;– ; – .
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. 2.11. |
(Puccinia striformis): , – |
; |
– ; – . |
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. 3.1. |
(Erysiphe graminis): , – |
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; – ; –
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. 3.2. (Cladosporium herbarum): – |
; – ; |
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– . |
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. 3.3. (Fusarium culmorum): – ;
– ; – F. culmorum.
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. 3.4. (Typhula incarnata): – ;
– ; – T. incarnata; – .
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. 3.5. (Xanthomonas |
. 3.6. |
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campestris): – , – |
(Pseudomonas syringae): |
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; – . |
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– ; – . |
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. 3.7. (Russian |
winter wheat |
mosaic virus): , – |
; – ( ).
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. 4.1. (Ustilago nuda): – ; – .
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. 4.2. |
(Ustilago |
hordei): – ; – .
. 4.3. (Puccinia hordei): |
. 4.4. |
. 5.1. |
. |
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(Barley yellow dwarf |
(Ustilago |
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virus). |
laevis). |
. 5.2. (Puccinia coronifera): – ;– ; – ; – .
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