ECONOMY

Additional Exercises

1. Translate the following expressions paying your attention to the attribute clause:

   1. natural resource development

   2. hydroelectric power resources

   3. timber reserves

   4. grain cultivation

   5. wage arrears

   6. heat and power utilities

   7. market participants

   8. mortgage loan system

   9. motor vehicle transportation

   10. road system

   11. freight traffic

   12. document communication

   13. data transfer

   14. telephone network

   15. radio broadcasting points

2. Put the two parts together to make up the whole word:

1.	sur	a.	ferrous
2.	card	b.	chemical
3.	hydro	c.	budgetary
4.	wood	d.	electric
5.	petro	e.	pass
6.	non	f.	casting
7.	under	g.	work
8.	extra	h.	board
9.	net	i.	go
10.	broad	j.	working

3. Word Building:

Noun	Adjective
industry
heat
chemistry
metallurgy
agriculture
finance
nation
Verb	Noun
to develop
to concentrate
to cultivate
to implement
to manage
to participate
to communicate

4. Insert prepositions:

   1. Irkutsk Region is a major industrial area whose production is very important _____ the economy _____ Eastern Siberia; certain sectors are _____ great importance _____ the Russian economy.

   2. _____ the level _____ industrial and natural resource development and specialization and concentration of production, Irkutsk Region has surpassed many other regions of Siberia and the Far East.

   3. The region's mineral resources are a major factor _____ industrial development.

   4. Irkutsk Region belongs _____ the high-risk agricultural zone.

   5. Animal products account _____ about 46% of all agricultural production. Production is sufficient to meet only about half _____ regional demand _____ food; the rest is imported _____ other regions (about 42% of meat products, 17% of dairy products, and about 55% of bread grain).

   6. Agriculture remains _____ a difficult financial situation, _____ the accompanying wage arrears.

   7. The main lines _____ activity _____ the housing and public utilities sector of Irkutsk Region are restructuring _____ municipal heat and power utilities and implementation _____ energy-saving measures.

   8. Due _____ outdated management practices and obsolete equipment, the region's government housing policy is currently undergoing reform _____ the aim of creating a balanced housing market and dividing responsibility _____ various market participants.

   9. Irkutsk Region was one _____ the first Russian regions to use a mortgage loan system to solve the existing problem _____ providing citizens _____ housing.

   10. This housing system has promoted the development _____ the banking sector, helped attract extra budgetary funds _____ the housing sector, and increased the amount _____ solvent population.

   11. The region has a fairly well developed system _____ air, water, rail, and motor vehicle transportation. Railways, represented _____ the Trans-Siberian Railway, are the main form _____ transportation.

   12. Nearly 70 million tons _____ freight per year are transported _____ rail.

   13. Air transportation is carried out _____ the Irkutsk and Bratsk airports, which have international status. These airports handle flights _____ Japan, China, South Korea, Mongolia, and several European countries.

5. Choose an adjective or an adverb:

1. Irkutsk Region is a major industrial area whose production is very important for the economy of Eastern Siberia; certain/certainly sectors are of great importance to the Russian economy.

2. The region generates 6.5% of all power in Russia, produces near/nearly 20% of all pulp and more than 10% of all cardboard, and refines about 9% of all oil.

3. The region has substantial/substantially hydroelectric power resources and huge timber reserves, which provide an excellent base for expanding logging.

4. The most /mostly developed industrial sectors in Irkutsk Region include forestry, woodworking, wood processing and pulp and paper, mining and fuel, nonferrous metallurgy, power, engineering, chemicals, food, and ferrous metallurgy.

5. The region's mineral resources are a major factor in industrial development. Industry is concentrated main/mainly in Irkutsk, Bratsk, Angarsk, Ust-Ilimsk, Usolye-Sibirsky, and a few other cities.

6. Production is sufficient/sufficiently to meet only about half of regional demand for food; the rest is imported from other regions (about 42% of meat products, 17% of dairy products, and about 55% of bread grain).

7. The main/mainly lines of activity in the housing and public utilities sector of Irkutsk Region are restructuring of municipal heat and power utilities and implementation of energy-saving measures.

8. Due to outdated management practices and obsolete equipment, the region's government housing policy is current/currently undergoing reform with the aim of creating a balanced housing market and dividing responsibility among various market participants.

9. The region has a fair/fairly well developed system of air, water, rail, and motor vehicle transportation.

10. Railways, represented by the Trans-Siberian Railway, are the main/mainly form of transportation.

11. Near/Nearly 70 million tons of freight per year are transported by rail.

12. The region also has a fairly extensive road system, with a total/totally length of more than 10 000 km.