metod952_ino_2
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3)A, subtropical, climate, has, south, the.
4)Of, the, one, in, 1620, settlements, British, established, was, in, Massachusetts.
5)In, U.S.A., the, is, mainly, education, the, responsibility, of, state, local, governments, and.
4. Find the information mentioned in the text in the map.
5. Define true or false statements:
1)In size, the United States ranks fourth among the nations after Russia, Canada, and China.
2)The animal population of the United States is still numerous and many species (виды) are preserved.
3)New England is the part of the United States that is most like “old” England.
4)Cambridge is America’s most famous student town.
5)The first people on the American continent came from Asia.
6)The Congress adopted the Declaration of Independence in 1776.
7)The United States Constitution was adopted in 1778.
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8) The British culture was a foundation on which America was built.
6. Read, find in the map and discuss.
J Historically and geographically the United States of America is divided into 9 regions:
New England (6 states).
1)New York.
2)The Mid Atlantic region (6 states).
3)The South (11 states).
4)The Midwest (12 states).
5)The Southwest (5 states).
6)The Rocky Mountain region (5 states).
7)The Pacific Northwest and Alaska (2 states).
8)California and Hawaii (2 states).
7. Study the map and find these states.
Some American regions and states have nicknames. What do theymean? Find their coat-of-arms in the Internet and explain the nicknames.
West Virginia - Mountain State
Alabama - Cotton State
Florida - Sunshine State
Arkansas - Bear State, Land of Opportunity
Kansas - Sunflower State
New York - Empire State
California - Golden State
Texas - Lone-Star State
Nevada - Silver State
New Jersey - Garden State
8.Solve some American "culture puzzles". Indicate the occupation of people and the place where the following phrases could be used:
1)Please, stay with us. We will be back after the commercial break.
2)Here or to go?
3)Fasten the seat belts.
4)Priority, first class or Federal Express?
5)Paper or plastic?
6)What is the aim of your visit to the USA?
7)Hold on, please. I’ll be back in a moment.
8)Would you like a refill?
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9)And now for our weekend forecast.
10)The check-out time is at 12 o’clock.
___________________
Hints: a weather person (meteorologist), anchor person, a post office clerk, a customs officer, a stewardess, an employee at an eating establishment, a pack boy at a grocery store, a receptionist at a hotel, a secretary on the phone, a waiter/waitress in a restaurant.
9.Discussion and presentations. Find in the Internet the information about the New Jersey State. Find the answers to the following questions:
1)Who was the first to sail to New Jersey ? How is this man’s name connected with NYC?
2)Find this state in the map.
3)Who colonized these lands?
4)What famous battles took place in New Jersey?
5)How is this state called?
6)Who of the American famous inventors lived in New Jersey?
7)What are the main inventions of the XX centuries made in this state?
Watch the video “History, History Everywhere” and discuss it (www.visitnj.org).
UNIT 4
CITIES OF THE USA
Read the text and discuss it. Use the maps
WASHINGTON D.C.
The city of Washington, the capital of the United States, is situated on the Potomac river in the district of Columbia. This district (a piece of land ten miles square) does not belong to any state. The district is named in honour of Ch. Columbus (1492-1506), the discoverer of America.
The capital owes very much to the first president of the United States, George Washington (1789 – 1797). It was Washington who chose the place for the District and laid in 1790 the corner-stone of the Capitol, where the Congress sits. Washington D.C. is not as large as New York City, Chicago, Philadelphia, Detroit or Los Angeles. Its population is about 900 000 people (70 per cent of the Washington inhabitants are Afro-Americans). It is a one-industry city. That industry is government. Many of the people who live in Washington D.C. work for the federal government.
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Washington D.C. has many historical places and attractions for the tourists. The largest and the tallest among the buildings is the Capitol with its great Hall of Representatives and the Senate Chamber. There are no skyscrapers in Washington because no other building must be taller than the Capitol. The Library of the Congress is situated not far from the Capitol in the Thomas Jefferson building. It is the largest library in the world. There are 27 million books in 470 languages in it.
The White House is the President’s residence. George Washington is the only president who did not live there. This two-storey white building waserected in 1799. The White House has 132 rooms. Visitors may tour some of the first-floor rooms. The President and his family occupy the second floor. The White House has many special rooms, among them are art galleries and exhibitions of various collections.
There are many monuments, museums and memorials in the capital of the USA. One can see there President Jefferson Memorial, Washington Monument (“the Pencil”, 1888), Lincoln Memorial (1922). Thousands of tourists visit them annually and enjoy the panorama of the city from the observation decks. The Smithsonian Institution with its thirteen museums is the largest complex of museums in the world. The most visited of them is the national Air and Space museum.
NEW YORK
New York is the largest city in the USA and the biggest seaport. It is the money centre of the United States. New York is the city of symbols.
New York is situated in the northeast of the USA at the mouth of the Hudson river. The city was founded by Dutch settlers in 1613.
The population of the city numbers 9 million people, and together with the population of its suburbs it comes to 17 million people.
New York is a multinational city – its inhabitants speak seventy-five different languages. Manhattan is the name of the island (just 13 mile long and 2 miles
wide) which forms the heart of New York. The population of Manhattan is about two million people. Here is the heart of American business and culture with its famous skyscrapers (World Trade Centre (1,359 feet above the city), Rockefeller Plaza, Empire State Building), Wall Street, Broadway. The latter one is the theatre capital of the nation. Times Square is named after the New York Times, the newspaper that is considered among the best papers in the country.
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The greatest monument of New York, the Statue of Liberty, is a symbol of America to most people. It was erected by the French sculptor August Bartholdi in 1884 and gifted to the USA in 1885.
Words and expressions:
the Potomac – река Потомак district – округ
to belong to – принадлежать, относиться к state – штат
to owe – быть обязанным
to choose (chose, chosen) – выбирать a corner stone – основание
the Capitol – Капитолий, здание конгресса США
Hall of Representatives – палата представителей Senate Chamber – зал сената
Government – правительство tall – высокий
skyscraper – небоскреб
residence – резиденция, местопребывание to tour – осматривать
exhibition – выставка to erect – возводить annually – ежегодно
to enjoy – получать удовольствие, наслаждать- ся чем-либо
observation deck – обзорная площадка
Dutch – голландский settler – поселенец
to number – насчитывать suburb – предместье, пригород
multinational – многонациональный inhabitant – житель, обитатель island – остров
heart – сердце
World Trade Centre (see the photo) – название небоскреба, где распо-
ложен мировой торговый Центр (разрушен 11.10.2001 в результате террори- стического акта) Rockefeller Plaza (see the photo) – центр им. Рокфеллера
Empire State Building (see the photo)– один из самых первых боль- ших небоскребов, в названии которого отражается особое значение штата Нью-Йорк. Занимает 3-е место среди самых высокий зданий мира.
Wall Street – деловая (и самая старая) улица Манхэттена
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Broadway – название проспекта в центральной части Манхэттена, на котором расположены театры, клубы, концертные залы.
theatre capital of the nation – национальная театральная столица to consider – считать
the Statue of Liberty – статуя Свободы (see the photo) to gift – дарить
ASSIGNMENTS:
1. Answer the questions:
1)Where is Washington situated?
2)Whom does the capital owe much?
3)Where does the Congress sit?
4)What is the population of Washington?
5)What is the Capitol?
6)Where is the president’s residence?
2. Scrambled sentences:
1)Washington, during, the war, burned, the British, parts of, 1812, of.
2)After, was, painted, to cover, up, white, marks, the war, the, the, house,
3)president’s.
4)Ended, was, during, the, Abraham, war, civil, president, and, slavery,
5)Lincoln.
6)D.C., has, Washington, buildings, neoclassical, grand.
7)Thomas, Independence, was, Jefferson, author, the, main, Declaration,
8)the, of.
3. Write and talk:
Write a one-day itinerary (маршрут) for your friends' visit to Washington D.C. or to New York City. Discuss it using postcards, posters, various booklets, the Internet.
4. Define true or false statements:
1)The city of Washington was designed by President George Washington himself.
2)The Central Park is a huge park in the middle part of New York City was designed in the 1850’s.
3)Metropolitan Museum of Art, with huge collections of art from around the world, is the most important museum in the United States.
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4)The United Nations building was the first glass curtain wall skyscraper.
5)There are many industrial enterprises in Washington D.C.
6)New York’s first skyscraper was built in 1930 and had twenty-five storeys.
7)The Dutch were the first Europeans to settle Manhattan.
8)Broadway is the oldest street of the N.Y.C.
5.
6.Check if you know these abbreviations:
NASA, FBI, CIA, MIT, USIA, YMCA, UN, PE, NSF, N.Y.C., IMF.
7.Read the following information for the tourists. Find the NYC highlights in the map. Make a tour guide for you group-mates. Make up the dialogues. Use the expressions:
How can I get to …? What’s the price for …? How long is the excursion?
What are the main “must see sights”?
Sightseeing - What Sights to See and How to See Them
New York City is a professional tourist’s dream – it has some of the world’s greatest and most iconic attractions, including the Empire State Building, the Statue of Liberty, Ellis Island, Wall Street, Greenwich Village, the Rockefeller Center, and the list goes on…
If you are in New York City for the first time. Here is list of 5 must see sights:
1.Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island. There are three ways to see these sights. First, you can take the ferry to each of these sights. If you plan on doing this, then plan a whole day around taking the ferry to both Liberty and Ellis Island.
2.Empire State Building and the Rockefeller Center. There are two main ways to see the Empire State Building – from the street and from the observation deck. If you are going to go to the top of the observation deck, you can plan to wait in line for two hours and sometimes more during summer months. If you want an express pass to the top, you will pay a little more but you can bring your wait to ½ hour.
If you want to see the Manhattan Skyline and are not particularly interested in the Empire State Building, you might consider the Rockefeller Center observation deck, which has stunning views of the skyline, includ-
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ing the Empire State Building, as well as a good view of Central Park and upper Manhattan. There are usually no lines for Top of the Rock.
3.The Financial District. New York City, since its founding as New Amsterdam in 1624 as a Dutch Colony, has always been the center of commerce in the United States. Today, it has grown into the financial capital of the World, and it all started on a small trading street called Wall Street during the years after the America Revolution, when George Washington took the oath of Office on Wall Street to become the first president of the United States. Here, legendary figures in American history such as Alexander Hamilton, Thomas Jefferson, and James Madison argued about and eventually settled on the Bill of Rights, the modern U.S. financial system, and the future of the country as a democracy.
4.The World Trade Center. When it was completed in 1987, the World Trade Center contained two zip codes, its own postal system, and contained more office space than the entire city of San Francisco. For a time, the twin towers were the tallest buildings in the world, and they became a symbol of American economic might and world trade. This soaring complex became the target of Islamic terrorists, which successfully attacked and toppled the buildings on 11 September, 2001. On this day, New York City pulled together and heroes from all walks of life emerged.
5.a) Greenwich Village, which is the center of American Art movements, from literature, to music, comedy, rock and roll, etc. Today, it is the most populated neighborhood for famous artists, including movie and television stars.
b)Times Square and the Theater District, the center of Broadway Theater District. This is a great place where music and theater lovers to explore.
c)Lower East Side, which is the center of the rich history of immigration in New York City, this area contains areas such as Little Italy and Chinatown, with colorful sights and sounds.
There is a lot of walking tour companies in New York City that offer private guided tours, and a couple that offer publically scheduled tours daily. These can range anywhere from $20 - $40 depending on the company or tour guide that you choose to go through. If you want a private walking tour for you and your group, you can expect to pay around $100 an hour for a quality private tour. When choosing a walking tour company, recommend that you check the names of the companies you are considering on Tripadvisor.com and other travel review websites to see real customer feedback. For photographers and photo enthusiasts, a few companies are now offering photo tours.
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6.a) Double Decker Bus Tours: These are a great way to get around New York City and also see the sights. You also get a chance to get on and off the buses as you choose, so it is a great way to augment your walking tours and general sightseeing. On the bus, you get a regular time schedule at bus stops around the city, a tour guide on top of the bus to narrate the sights as you go by, and a free map to assist you in sightseeing. If you choose this option, a 2 or 3 day pass will generally cost you $40 - $60. This is great for first time visitors to New York City, as it allows you to get your bearings.
b)Private SUV Tours: If you want to cover a lot of ground, but do so with a private guide and an exclusive tour, the best way to go is to take a private SUV Tour. For groups of 6 or more, you can rent a private Mercedes bus with a private guide, and this can be very cost effective. You also get to customize your itinerary, pick your guide, and get a much more enhanced experience than a public bus tour.
c)Other Tours: Helicopter, Boat, and Bike Tours: Manhattan has a great waterfront that is ideal for biking and getting around New York City. You can either do a self guided bicycle tour or one with a publically scheduled tour. There are also a number of boat tours around the main sights of the New York City harbor, including the Statue of Liberty, Ellis Island, Governor’s Island, Brooklyn, and New Jersey.
Boat tours generally last 1 – 2 hours have a tour guide on board to narrate the sights you are seeing on the tour. You can use regular boat companies, or sail boats. Boat tours generally cost $25 - $50, and bicycle tours can cost $25 - $40. If you want to get a bird’s eye view of New York City and get a unique view of the skyline, you can take a helicopter tour of Manhattan and the harbor. These tours can last anywhere from 20 minutes to an hour and cost from $250 - $500 per person.
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PROMINENT PEOPLE
Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790)
Benjamin Franklin, one of the leaders of the Revolution, was a universal figure: a printer, a writer, a philosopher, a scientist, an economist and statesman. He participated in the most important events of his time.
B. Franklin was born in Boston, Massachusetts and was the youngest of seventeen children in the family of a poor English immigrant.
He learned to read and write very early, and at the age of eight he was sent to school for a year to learn arithmetic. He began to work at 11 – first he helped his father and later his half-
brother who was the editor of a famous newspaper.
He was 17 when he left Boston and went to New York City and then to Philadelphia to find employment. He found work in a very old-fashioned printshop, where the technique of printing was very bad. Soon B. Franklin decided to sail to Britain to master the British technique of printing. In London he worked in a big publishing house and contacted with British scientists.
On his return to America Franklin organized a literary and philosophic society, where young men met to read and discuss contemporary literature. In 1733 he decided to start a periodical to bring progressive thought to his countrymen. His "Poor Richard’s Almanac" was a sort of calendar and contained in addition to useful information and literary selections, a section in which progressive ideas on the mode of living, on education and on the political events of the day were communicated to the reader. They were mostly in the form of sayings and had a powerful influence among the people: "early to bed and early to rise, make a man healthy, wealthy and wise", "God helps them that help themselves".
In the forties Franklin experimented on electricity and invented the so called Franklin-rod to draw electricity from the atmosphere. The Franklin-rod became known in all parts of the world as the lightning-rod.
The approaching revolution claimed his attention and he became a statesman. He was sent to England to defend the interests of the colonies
before the British Parliament. During the Revolution he and Thomas Jefferson were chosen to draft the Declaration of Independence. Later he was sent to France – to get financial aid and fleet. While in France, Franklin wrote many essays. His writings helped to create sympathy in Europe for the American people in their struggle for independence, and many countries were ready to recognize the young American Republic.
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