Контрольные вопросы. Основные представления в кинетике

ɎȿȾȿɊȺɅɖɇɈȿ ȺȽȿɇɌɋɌȼɈ ɉɈ ɈȻɊȺɁɈȼȺɇɂɘ ȽɈɋɍȾȺɊɋɌȼȿɇɇɈȿ ɈȻɊȺɁɈȼȺɌȿɅɖɇɈȿ ɍɑɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ

ȼɕɋɒȿȽɈ ɉɊɈɎȿɋɋɂɈɇȺɅɖɇɈȽɈ ɈȻɊȺɁɈȼȺɇɂə «ȼɈɊɈɇȿɀɋɄɂɃ ȽɈɋɍȾȺɊɋɌȼȿɇɇɕɃ ɍɇɂȼȿɊɋɂɌȿɌ»

ɈɋɇɈȼɇɕȿ ɉɊȿȾɋɌȺȼɅȿɇɂə ɂ ɁȺɄɈɇɕ ɏɂɆɂɑȿɋɄɈɃ ɄɂɇȿɌɂɄɂ. ɌȿɈɊȿɌɂɑȿɋɄɂȿ ɈɋɇɈȼɕ ɄɂɇȿɌɂɄɂ ȽɈɆɈȽȿɇɇɕɏ ɊȿȺɄɐɂɃ

(Ʉɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɵɟ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɞɥɹ ɬɟɫɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɤɭɪɫɭ «Ʉɢɧɟɬɢɤɚ ɢ ɤɚɬɚɥɢɡ»)

ɍɱɟɛɧɨɟ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɟ

ɂɡɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɨ-ɩɨɥɢɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɰɟɧɬɪ ȼɨɪɨɧɟɠɫɤɨɝɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɚ

2007

ɍɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɨ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ-ɦɟɬɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɫɨɜɟɬɨɦ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɮɚɤɭɥɶɬɟɬɚ 17 ɦɚɹ 2007 ɝ., ɩɪɨɬɨɤɨɥ ʋ 5

ɋɨɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɢ: ɂ.ə. Ɇɢɬɬɨɜɚ, ȿ.ȼ. Ɍɨɦɢɧɚ, ɋ.ɋ. Ʌɚɜɪɭɲɢɧɚ, ȼ.Ɏ. Ʉɨɫɬɪɸɤɨɜ

Ɋɟɰɟɧɡɟɧɬ ɞ-ɪ ɯɢɦ. ɧɚɭɤ, ɩɪɨɮ. ȼ.ɇ. ɋɟɦɟɧɨɜ

ɍɱɟɛɧɨɟ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɟ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɧɚ ɤɚɮɟɞɪɟ ɧɟɨɪɝɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɯɢɦɢɢ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɮɚɤɭɥɶɬɟɬɚ ȼɨɪɨɧɟɠɫɤɨɝɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɚ.

Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ 2 ɤɭɪɫɚ ɞɧɟɜɧɨɝɨ ɢ 4 ɤɭɪɫɚ ɜɟɱɟɪɧɟɝɨ ɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɣ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɮɚɤɭɥɶɬɟɬɚ.

Ⱦɥɹ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ: 020101 (011000) – ɏɢɦɢɹ

2

I. Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ ɢ ɡɚɤɨɧɵ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɢɧɟɬɢɤɢ. Ɏɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɤɢɧɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ ɩɪɨɫɬɵɯ ɬɢɩɨɜ

ɍɪɨɜɟɧɶ Ⱥ

1.Ʉɚɤɨɜɵ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬ ɢ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɢɧɟɬɢɤɢ?

2.Ʉɚɤ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɢɫɬɢɧɧɚɹ (ɦɝɧɨɜɟɧɧɚɹ) ɢ ɫɪɟɞɧɹɹ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɚɧɚɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɢ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢ?

3.Ʉɚɤ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹ, ɞɥɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɨɧɧɵɦ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɨɦ ɫɥɭɠɢɬ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɚ ɮɚɡ? Ⱦɚɣɬɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɮɚɡɵ.

4.Ʉɚɤ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ? Ʉɚɤ ɷɬɚ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɚ ɫɨ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶɸ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɞɚɧɧɨɦɭ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɭ?

5.ȼ ɱɟɦ ɨɬɥɢɱɢɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɣ W = – dN / Vdt ɢ W = – dC / dt ( N ɢ C – ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɦɨɥɟɣ ɢ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ)?

6.Ɇɨɠɟɬ ɥɢ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɨɣ? ɑɬɨ ɨɡ-

ɧɚɱɚɟɬ ɡɚɩɢɫɶ W = – dCȺ / dt ɞɥɹ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ Ⱥ ȼ?

7.Ʉɚɤ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɣ ɩɨɫɬɭɥɚɬ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɢɧɟɬɢɤɢ? Ʉɚɤɨɜ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɫɦɵɫɥ ɤɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɵ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ?

8.ɑɬɨ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɨɦ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɭ ɢ ɨɛɳɢɦ (ɩɨɥɧɵɦ) ɩɨɪɹɞɤɨɦ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ?

9.Ɇɨɠɟɬɥɢɩɨɪɹɞɨɤɪɟɚɤɰɢɢɛɵɬɶɧɭɥɟɜɵɦ, ɞɪɨɛɧɵɦ, ɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ?

10.Ɉɬ ɤɚɤɢɯ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ? Ɇɨɠɟɬ ɥɢ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɢɡɦɟɧɢɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɯɨɞɟ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ?

11.ɍɤɚɠɢɬɟ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɵ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɜɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ. Ɇɨɠɧɨ ɥɢ ɫɪɚɜɧɢɜɚɬɶ ɤɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɵ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɨɜ?

12.Ɇɨɠɟɬ ɥɢ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɹɪɧɨɫɬɶɛɵɬɶɛɨɥɶɲɟɢɥɢ ɦɟɧɶɲɟɩɨɪɹɞɤɚɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ? Ⱦɥɹɤɚɤɢɯɪɟɚɤɰɢɣɩɨɪɹɞɨɤɢɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɹɪɧɨɫɬɶɜɫɟɝɞɚɫɨɜɩɚɞɚɸɬ?

13.ɑɬɨ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ? ɑɬɨ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɞ ɫɯɟɦɨɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ?

14.Ɇɨɠɧɨ ɥɢ ɩɨ ɜɢɞɭ ɤɢɧɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɤɚɡɚɬɶ, ɤɚɤɚɹ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɥɚɫɶ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹ: ɨɞɧɨɫɬɨɪɨɧɧɹɹ ɢɥɢ ɞɜɭɫɬɨɪɨɧɧɹɹ?

15.ȼ ɱɟɦ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɪɧɵɯ ɫɬɚɞɢɣ? ɉɪɢ ɤɚɤɢɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɨɧ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɚɟɬɫɹ?

16.Ʉɚɤɨɟ ɜɚɠɧɨɟ ɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ ɜɵɬɟɤɚɟɬ ɢɡ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɚ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɪɧɵɯ ɫɬɚɞɢɣ? Ʉɚɤɨɜɚ ɟɝɨ ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ?

17.ɋɮɨɪɦɭɥɢɪɭɣɬɟ ɩɪɹɦɭɸ ɢ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɭɸ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ ɜ ɤɢɧɟɬɢɤɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɵɯ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ. Ʉɚɤɢɟ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɬɪɟɛɭɸɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɷɬɢɯ ɡɚɞɚɱ?

3

18.Ʉɚɤɭɸ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ ɨ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶ ɢɡ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɪɟɚɝɢɪɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɨɬ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ?

19.Ⱦɥɹ ɤɚɤɢɯ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ ɥɢɧɟɣɧɨ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɟɦ?

20.ɑɬɨ ɨɡɧɚɱɚɟɬ ɬɟɪɦɢɧ «ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɩɨɥɭɪɚɫɩɚɞɚ»? Ʉɚɤ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɵ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɩɨɥɭɪɚɫɩɚɞɚ ɢ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɞɥɹ ɧɟɨɛɪɚɬɢɦɵɯ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ ɜɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɢ ɬɪɟɬɶɟɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɨɜ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɪɚɜɟɧɫɬɜɚ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɣ ɜɫɟɯ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ?

21.ɍɤɚɠɢɬɟ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɢɠɟ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɨ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚɦ ɢ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ:

ɚ) 2Ⱥ 4ȼ + ɋ, – dCȺ / dt = kCȺ;

ɛ) Ⱥ + ȼ 2ɋ + D + B, – dCȺ / dt = kCȺCȼ; ɜ) 2Ⱥ + ȼ 2ɋ, – dCɋ / dt = kC2ȺCȼ.

22.ɂɡɨɛɪɚɡɢɬɟ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɚ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɨɬ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɧɭɥɟɜɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ.

23.Ʉɚɤ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ (ɩɨɤɚɠɢɬɟ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢ) ɤɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɚ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɨɬ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ?

24.ɇɚɩɢɲɢɬɟ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɤɢɧɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɟ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɞɥɹ ɠɢɞɤɨɮɚɡɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ Ⱥ ȼ + ɋ ɧɭɥɟɜɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ.

25.Ʉɚɤ ɡɚɩɢɫɚɬɶ ɜ ɨɛɳɟɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɞɥɹ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɨɛɪɚɬɢɦɨɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ?

26. Ɂɚɩɢɲɢɬɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɨɛɪɚɬɢɦɨɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ Ⱥ 2ȼ.

27.Ʉɚɤɨɜɵ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɦɟɬɨɞɵ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ? Ɇɟɞɥɟɧɧɵɯ? Ȼɵɫɬɪɵɯ?

28.Ɂɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɥɢ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɟ ɤɢɧɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɪɢɜɨɣ ɨɬ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɣ ɪɟɚɝɟɧɬɨɜ? Ɉɬ ɬɢɩɚ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ?

29.ȼ ɱɟɦ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ «ɢɞɟɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ» ɪɟɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɢɞɟɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɦɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɢɞɟɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɵɬɟɫɧɟɧɢɹ? Ʉɚɤɨɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɜ ɷɬɢɯ ɪɟɚɤɬɨɪɚɯ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɬɚɰɢɨɧɚɪɧɵɦ?

ɍɪɨɜɟɧɶ ȼ

1.ɑɟɦ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ ɝɨɦɨɮɚɡɧɨɝɨ ɝɨɦɨɝɟɧɧɨɝɨ, ɝɨɦɨɮɚɡɧɨɝɨ ɝɟɬɟɪɨɝɟɧɧɨɝɨ, ɝɨɦɨɝɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɝɟɬɟɪɨɮɚɡɧɨɝɨ, ɝɟɬɟɪɨɝɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɝɨɦɨɮɚɡɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ? ɉɪɢɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɵ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ.

2.Ʉɚɤ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɡ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ Ⱥɪɪɟɧɢɭɫɚ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɹ ɚɤɬɢɜɚɰɢɢ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ? Ʉɚɤɨɣ ɜɢɞ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɝɪɚɮɢɤ ɜ ɚɪɪɟɧɢɭɫɨɜɫɤɢɯ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬɚɯ? Ɋɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɢɬɟ ɨɛɳɢɣ ɢ ɱɚɫɬɧɵɟ ɫɥɭɱɚɢ.

4

3.ɉɪɢ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɢ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɪɚɡɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɚɰɟɬɨɧɚ ɜ ɝɚɡɨɜɨɣ ɮɚɡɟ ɛɵɥɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɵ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ:

Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɢ ɤɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɭ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ.

4.Ɂɚɩɢɲɢɬɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɞɥɹ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ N2 + 3H2 = 2NH3 ɩɨ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚɦ.

5.ɉɪɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɢ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɫ 1 ɞɨ 3 ɦɨɥɶ / ɥ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɩɨɥɭɪɚɫɩɚɞɚ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ 3 ɱɚɫɨɜ ɞɨ 20 ɦɢɧɭɬ. ɇɚɣɞɢɬɟ ɤɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɭ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ.

[A0] = 1,0 Ɇ ɢ ɤɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɚ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ k = 0,05 ɦɨɥɶ ɥ–1 ɦɢɧ–1?

9.ɍɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɪɟɚɤɬɢɜɚ ɜɞɜɨɟ ɜɵɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɭɞɜɨɟɧɢɟ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɩɨɥɭɩɪɟɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ. Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɞɚɧɧɨɦɭ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɭ.

Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟɩɨɪɹɞɨɤɪɟɚɤɰɢɢɢɧɚɣɞɢɬɟɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟɤɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɵɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ. 12. Ʉɚɤ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɢɬɶ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɟɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɢɞɟɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɦɟɲɟ-

ɧɢɹ ɢ ɢɞɟɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɵɬɟɫɧɟɧɢɹ? ɍ ɤɚɤɨɝɨ ɢɡ ɧɢɯ ɨɧɚ ɜɵɲɟ?

5

ɉɪɢɦɟɪ ɬɟɫɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɬɟɦɟ «Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ ɢ ɡɚɤɨɧɵ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɢɧɟɬɢɤɢ. Ɏɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨ-

ɤɢɧɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ ɩɪɨɫɬɵɯ ɬɢɩɨɜ»

ɍɪɨɜɟɧɶ Ⱥ

1.Ʉɚɤ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ? Ʉɚɤ ɷɬɚ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɚ ɫɨ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶɸ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɞɚɧɧɨɦɭ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɭ?

2.Ɇɨɠɟɬ ɥɢ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɹɪɧɨɫɬɶ ɛɵɬɶ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɢɥɢ ɦɟɧɶɲɟ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ? Ⱦɥɹ ɤɚɤɢɯ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɢ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɹɪɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ ɫɨɜɩɚɞɚɸɬ?

3.Ʉɚɤ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ (ɩɨɤɚɠɢɬɟ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢ) ɤɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɚ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɨɬ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ?

ɍɪɨɜɟɧɶ ȼ

ɉɪɢ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɢ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɪɚɡɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɚɰɟɬɨɧɚ ɜ ɝɚɡɨɜɨɣ ɮɚɡɟ ɛɵɥɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɵ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ:

Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɢ ɤɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɭ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ.

II. Ɍɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɵ ɤɢɧɟɬɢɤɢ ɝɨɦɨɝɟɧɧɵɯ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ. ɗɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɪɧɵɟ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ

ɍɪɨɜɟɧɶ Ⱥ

1.ɑɬɨ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɪɧɵɣ ɚɤɬ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ? Ʉɚɤ ɨɧ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɨɭɞɚɪɟɧɢɣ?

2.ɉɨ ɤɚɤɢɦ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɦ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɚɬɶ ɨɛɳɟɟ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɞɜɨɣɧɵɯ ɫɬɨɥɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥ ɪɚɡɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɪɬɚ ɢ ɞɥɹ ɢɞɟɧɬɢɱɧɵɯ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥ?

3.ɍɤɚɠɢɬɟ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɧɵɟ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɱɢɫɥɚ ɞɜɨɣɧɵɯ ɫɬɨɥɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɣ Z. Ɂɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɥɢ Z ɨɬ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɢ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ?

4.ɑɬɨ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɞ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɫɬɨɥɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɟɦ? Ʉɚɤɨɜɚ ɞɨɥɹ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɫɬɨɥɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɣ ɨɬ ɢɯ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ?

5.Ʉɚɤ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɝɚɡɨɤɢɧɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɫɬɚɥɤɢɜɚɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥ? ɑɬɨ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɣ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪ ɫɬɨɥɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɹ?

6.Ʉɚɤ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɟɪɨɹɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɬɨɥɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɹ ɞɜɭɯ ɱɚɫɬɢɰ?

6

7.Ʉɚɤɨɜɨ, ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɬɨɥɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɣ, ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɟ ɞɥɹ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ, ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɧɨɣ ɜ ɦɨɥɶ / (ɫɦ3 ɫ)?

8.Ʉɚɤɨɜ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɫɦɵɫɥ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɬɨɥɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɣ?

9.Ʉɚɤ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɵ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɣ ɚɤɬɢɜɚɰɢɣ, ɨɩɵɬɧɨɣ ɢ ɜɯɨɞɹɳɟɣ ɜ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɟ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɬɨɥɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɣ?

10.ɑɟɦ ɨɛɴɹɫɧɢɬɶ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ (ɧɚ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɨɜ) ɪɚɫɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚɦɢ ɩɪɟɞɷɫɤɩɨɧɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɦɧɨɠɢɬɟɥɹ Ⱥ ɜ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɢ Ⱥɪɪɟɧɢɭɫɚ, ɜɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɩɨ ɨɩɵɬɧɵɦ ɞɚɧɧɵɦ ɢ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɩɨ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɬɨɥɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɣ?

11.Ʉɚɤɢɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɬ ɫɬɟɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɮɚɤɬɨɪ Ɋ ɩɪɢ ɛɥɚɝɨɩɪɢɹɬɧɨɣ ɢ ɧɟɛɥɚɝɨɩɪɢɹɬɧɨɣ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥ ɜ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟ?

12.Ʉɚɤɢɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɜɵɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɜ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɚ?

13.ȼ ɤɚɤɨɦ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɜ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɟɨɪɢɹ ɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɚ?

14.ɉɨɱɟɦɭ ɬɟɨɪɢɸ ɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɚ ɢɧɨɝɞɚ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ ɬɟɨɪɢɟɣ ɚɛɫɨɥɸɬɧɵɯ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɟɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ?

15.ɑɬɨ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ? Ʉɚɤ ɨɧ ɨɛɪɚɡɭɟɬɫɹ?

16.Ʉɚɤɢɟ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɥɢ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ ɚɞɢɚɛɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ?

17.ɑɬɨ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ?

18.Ʉɚɤ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɪɧɨɝɨ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɚɤɬɚ ɧɚ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ?

19.ɋɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɥɢ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ, ɨɬɜɟɱɚɸɳɚɹ ɩɭɬɢ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ? ɑɬɨ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬɚ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ?

20.Ʉɚɤ ɜɵɪɚɠɚɟɬɫɹ «ɫɪɟɞɧɹɹ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɨɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɚ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɛɚɪɶɟɪ» ɱɟɪɟɡ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɹɪɧɵɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɚ? Ɂɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɥɢ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɨɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɚ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɛɚɪɶɟɪ ɨɬ ɜɵɫɨɬɵ ɛɚɪɶɟɪɚ?

21.Ʉɚɤɨɟ ɩɪɢɛɥɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɟ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ? ȼ ɱɟɦ ɨɧɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ?

22.ɑɬɨ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɢɫɬɢɧɧɚɹ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɹ ɚɤɬɢɜɚɰɢɢ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ?

23.Ɉɬ ɤɚɤɢɯ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ, ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɚ, ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɫɬɟɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɦɧɨɠɢɬɟɥɶ?

24.Ʉɚɤɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɵɟ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɸɬ ɩɪɢ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɢ ɦɨɧɨɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɹɪɧɵɯ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ?

25.ɉɨ ɤɚɤɨɦɭ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɭ ɩɪɨɬɟɤɚɟɬ ɦɨɧɨɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɹɪɧɚɹ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹ ɜ ɝɚɡɨɜɨɣ ɮɚɡɟ ɩɪɢ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɯ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɯ? ɉɪɢ ɧɢɡɤɢɯ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɯ?

7

26. Ʉ ɤɚɤɨɦɭ ɬɢɩɭ ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɪɧɵɟ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ: ɚ) ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɚɬɨɦɚ ɜɨɞɨɪɨɞɚ ɫ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɨɣ ɯɥɨɪɚ; ɛ) ɝɢɞɪɨɥɢɡ ɣɨɞɢɫɬɨɝɨ ɦɟɬɢɥɚ; ɜ) ɪɚɫɩɚɞ ɛɪɨɦɢɫɬɨɝɨ ɷɬɢɥɚ ɧɚ ɷɬɢɥɟɧ ɢ ɛɪɨɦɢɫɬɵɣ ɜɨɞɨɪɨɞ?

27.ɑɟɦ ɜɵɡɜɚɧɚ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɜɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ «ɪɟɚɤɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɰɟɧɬɪ ɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɚ»?

28.ȼɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɥɢ ɩɪɨɬɟɤɚɧɢɟ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ ɝɚɥɨɝɟɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɨɞɨɪɨɞɚ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɰɢɤɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ? ɉɨɱɟɦɭ?

ɍɪɨɜɟɧɶ ȼ

1.ɉɨɥɭɱɢɬɟ ɢ ɩɪɨɚɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɣɬɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɞɥɹ ɤɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɵ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ k ɛɢɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɹɪɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɞɥɹ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥ ɪɚɡɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɪɬɚ. Ɉɬ ɤɚɤɢɯ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɹɪɧɵɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ k?

2.ɑɬɨ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɩɪɟɞɷɤɫɩɨɧɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɦɧɨɠɢɬɟɥɶ Ⱥ ɜ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɢ Ⱥɪɪɟɧɢɭɫɚ? Ⱦɚɣɬɟ ɨɬɜɟɬ ɜ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɯ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɬɨɥɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɣ. Ɉɬ ɤɚɤɢɯ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɨɧ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ?

3.ɉɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧɢɟɦ ɤɚɤɢɯ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɚ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ? ɑɬɨ ɨɧɢ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ?

4.ɇɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɬɨɥɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɣ ɩɨɤɚɠɢɬɟ, ɤɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɫ ɪɨɫɬɨɦ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɩɪɟɞɷɤɫɩɨɧɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɦɧɨɠɢɬɟɥɹ ɢ ɷɤɫɩɨɧɟɧɬɵ ɜ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɢ ɞɥɹ ɤɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɵ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɛɢɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɹɪɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ.

5.Ʉɚɤɨɜɨ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɟ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɟ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɚ? ɑɬɨ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɬɪɚɧɫɦɢɫɫɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ? Ʉɚɤɨɜɵ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɟ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɵ ɟɝɨ ɩɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ?

6.Ʉɚɤɨɜ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɫɦɵɫɥ ɷɧɬɪɨɩɢɣɧɨɝɨ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɚ? Ʉɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɩɨ ɟɝɨ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɟ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɮɢɰɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ?

7.Ʉɚɤɨɣ ɜɢɞ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɬ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɟ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɟ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɚ ɞɥɹ ɦɨɧɨɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɹɪɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ?

8.ɋɮɨɪɦɭɥɢɪɭɣɬɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɩɨɫɬɭɥɚɬɵ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɚ. Ʉɚɤɨɜɵ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɵ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɷɬɨɣ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɢ ɱɟɦ ɨɧɢ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧɵ?

9.Ʉɚɤɨɜ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦ ɚɤɬɢɜɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɦɨɧɨɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɹɪɧɵɯ ɝɚɡɨɜɵɯ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɯ?

10.ɉɨɱɟɦɭ ɩɪɢ ɨɛɵɱɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɧɟ ɩɪɨɬɟɤɚɟɬ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹ ɞɢɦɟɪɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɷɬɢɥɟɧɚ ɫ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɰɢɤɥɨɛɭɬɚɧɚ?

11.ɑɟɦ, ɫ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɬɨɞɚ ɆɈ, ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɫ ɰɢɤɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɨɦ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɨɬ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ?

8

12. ȼ ɤɚɤɢɯ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɯ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɡɚɬɪɭɞɧɟɧɢɹ, ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɫ ɨɪɛɢɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɢɦɦɟɬɪɢɟɣ: ɫ ɥɢɧɟɣɧɵɦ ɢɥɢ ɫ ɰɢɤɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɨɦ? Ʉɚɤɨɜɵ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɵ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ, ɪɚɡɪɟɲɟɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɡɚɩɪɟɳɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɨ ɫɩɢɧɭ?

ɉɪɢɦɟɪ ɬɟɫɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɬɟɦɟ «Ɍɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɵ ɤɢɧɟɬɢɤɢ ɝɨɦɨɝɟɧɧɵɯ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ.

ɗɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɪɧɵɟ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ»

ɍɪɨɜɟɧɶ Ⱥ

1.Ʉɚɤ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɝɚɡɨɤɢɧɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɫɬɚɥɤɢɜɚɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥ? ɑɬɨ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɣ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪ ɫɬɨɥɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɹ?

2.Ʉɚɤ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɪɧɨɝɨ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɚɤɬɚ ɧɚ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ?

3. Ʉ ɤɚɤɨɦɭ ɬɢɩɭ ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɪɧɵɟ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ: ɚ) ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɚɬɨɦɚ ɜɨɞɨɨɪɨɞɚ ɫ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɨɣ ɯɥɨɪɚ; ɛ) ɝɢɞɪɨɥɢɡ ɣɨɞɢɫɬɨɝɨ ɦɟɬɢɥɚ; ɜ) ɪɚɫɩɚɞ ɛɪɨɦɢɫɬɨɝɨ ɷɬɢɥɚ ɧɚ ɷɬɢɥɟɧ ɢ ɛɪɨɦɢɫɬɵɣ ɜɨɞɨɪɨɞ?

ɍɪɨɜɟɧɶ ȼ

ɑɬɨ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɩɪɟɞɷɤɫɩɨɧɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɦɧɨɠɢɬɟɥɶ Ⱥ ɜ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɢ Ⱥɪɪɟɧɢɭɫɚ? Ⱦɚɣɬɟ ɨɬɜɟɬ ɜ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɯ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɬɨɥɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɣ. Ɉɬ ɤɚɤɢɯ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɨɧ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ?

III. Ʉɢɧɟɬɢɤɚ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɯ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ

ɍɪɨɜɟɧɶ Ⱥ

1.Ʉɚɤɢɟ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɦɢ? Ʉɚɤɨɜɚ ɢɯ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɹ?

2.ɋɨɛɥɸɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɥɢ ɞɥɹ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɯ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɪɧɵɯ ɫɬɚɞɢɣ? ȿɫɥɢ ɧɟɬ, ɬɨ ɩɨɱɟɦɭ?

3.ɂɡɨɛɪɚɡɢɬɟ ɫɯɟɦɚɬɢɱɧɨ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɢ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ.

4.ɂɡ ɤɚɤɢɯ ɫɬɚɞɢɣ ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ ɫɥɨɠɧɚɹ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹ?

5.Ʉɚɤɢɟ ɫɬɚɞɢɢ ɫɥɨɠɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɢɬɶ ɰɢɤɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɦɚɪɲɪɭɬ?

6.ɑɬɨ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɨɟ ɢ ɜɟɤɨɜɨɟ ɪɚɜɧɨɜɟɫɢɹ ɜ ɤɢɧɟɬɢɤɟ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ?

9

7.ɑɬɨ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɢɧɞɭɤɰɢɢ? ɑɟɦ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɟɝɨ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ?

8.ɑɬɨ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɫɬɟɯɢɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɚ?

9.ɑɬɨ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɚ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ?

10.Ʉɚɤ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɟɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɩɨ ɞɜɭɦ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɦ?

11.ɑɬɨ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɜɵɯɨɞ ɰɟɥɟɜɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɚ?

12.ɑɟɦ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɥɢɧɟɣɧɨ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɵɯ ɫɬɚɞɢɣ ɫɥɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ?

13.ɑɬɨ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɫɬɚɞɢɢ? Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɥɢ ɷɬɚ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɢɡ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚ?

14.Ʉɚɤ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɭ?

15.Ʉɚɤ ɪɟɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɹɦɚɹ ɡɚɞɚɱɚ ɞɥɹ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɯ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ?

16.Ʉɚɤ ɪɟɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɚɹ ɡɚɞɚɱɚ ɞɥɹ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɯ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ?

17.Ʉɚɤɢɟ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɚɬɶ, ɡɧɚɹ ɤɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɵ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɫɬɚɞɢɣ?

18.ɉɟɪɟɱɢɫɥɢɬɟ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɳɢɯ ɫɯɟɦ ɫɥɨɠɧɨɣ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ.

19.ɑɬɨ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɤɜɚɡɢɪɚɜɧɨɜɟɫɧɨɟ ɩɪɢɛɥɢɠɟɧɢɟ?

20.Ʉɨɝɞɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɤɜɚɡɢɪɚɜɧɨɜɟɫɧɨɟ ɩɪɢɛɥɢɠɟɧɢɟ?

21.ɑɬɨ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɤɜɚɡɢɫɬɚɰɢɨɧɚɪɧɨɟ ɩɪɢɛɥɢɠɟɧɢɟ?

22.Ʉɨɝɞɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɤɜɚɡɢɫɬɚɰɢɨɧɚɪɧɨɟ ɩɪɢɛɥɢɠɟɧɢɟ?

23.ɑɬɨ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɥɢɦɢɬɢɪɭɸɳɚɹ ɫɬɚɞɢɹ? Ʉɨɝɞɚ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɢɦɨ ɷɬɨ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɟ?

24.ɉɟɪɟɱɢɫɥɢɬɟ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɯ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ ɜ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɵɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɯ.

ɍɪɨɜɟɧɶ ȼ

1.ɂɡɨɛɪɚɡɢɬɟ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɯɨɞɟ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɣ ɜɫɟɯ ɭɱɚɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɜ ɧɟɣ ɪɟɚɝɟɧɬɨɜ.

2.ɂɡɨɛɪɚɡɢɬɟ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɯɨɞɟ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɜɫɟɯ ɭɱɚɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɜ ɧɟɣ ɪɟɚɝɟɧɬɨɜ.

3.Ʉɚɤ ɢ ɡɚɱɟɦ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɫɬɟɯɢɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɭ?

4.Ʉɚɤ ɢ ɡɚɱɟɦ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɭ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ?

5.ɉɨɥɭɱɢɬɟ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɟ ɤɢɧɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɤɪɢɜɵɯ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ ɩɟɪɜɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ.

6.ɉɨɥɭɱɢɬɟ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɟ ɤɢɧɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɤɪɢɜɵɯ ɞɥɹ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ ɩɟɪɜɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ.

7.Ɇɨɠɧɨ ɥɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɪɟɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɢɞɟɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɦɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɢɞɟɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɵɬɟɫɧɟɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɹ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɯ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ ɜ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɵɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɯ? ȿɫɥɢ ɞɚ, ɬɨ ɤɚɤ?

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