Music in Britain

In the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries English musicians had a great reputation in Europe, both for their talent and for their originality. It was their experiments in keyboard music which helped to form the base from which grew most of the great harpsi­chord and piano music. William Byrd was the most distinguished English composer of this time, and his name is still widely known.

In the centuries which followed, England produced no composers of world rank except for Purcell in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, and Elgar in the twentieth century. Today, however, many people believe that there has been a reflowering of English music, and that the compositions of some contemporary compos­ers will live on after their deaths. The music of Michael Tippett, Benjamin Britten and William Walton is performed all over the world.

Benjamin Britten was not modern in the musical sense of the word, but he was modern in his attitude towards his public. He has been called a 'people's composer' because he composed music, particularly operas and choral works, that can be sung by ordinary people and by children. Some of his operas, such as Noyes Fludde (Noah's Flood) are performed in churches every year, and people from the surrounding area sing and act in them. The festival which he started in his little home town, Aldeburg, on the North Sea coast of Suffolk, has become one of the most important musical festivals in Europe. Benjamin Britten's music, however, is traditionally compared with the works of many of the younger generation of composers. The music of composers like Peter Maxwell Davies, Richard Rodney Benett, John Tavener, and Andrew Lloyd Webber are having considerable influence and popularity abroad. It is significant that Richard Rodney Benett is a very fine trumpeter and once played the piano in a jazz band. The dividing lines between serious music on the one hand and jazz, pop and folk music on the other, are becoming less and less clear, and the influence that they are having on one another is increasing. Many twentieth-century British composers, including Vaughan Williams, Tipett and Britten have been attracted and influenced by old English folk songs. Most musicals of Andrew Lloyd Webber, like Jesus Christ Superstar, Cats, The Phantom of the Opera, Evita, Sunset Boulevard are still hits staged in the best theatres of England, the United States and other countries.

Приложение 3: Tаблица неправильных глаголов.

Infinitive (V1)	Past Simple (V2)	Past Participle	перевод
1 be	was/were	been	быть, находиться
2 begin	began	begun	начинать
3 become	became	become	становиться
4 break	broke	broken	ломать
5 bring	brought	brought	приносить
6 build	built	built	строить
7 buy	bought	bought	покупать
8 come	came	come	приходить
9 do	did	done	делать
10 have	had	had	иметь
11 drink	drank	drunk	пить
12 eat	ate	eaten	есть
13 find	found	found	находить
14 get	got	got	получать, добираться
15 give	gave	given	давать
16 go	went	gone	ходить
17 know	knew	known	знать
18 learn	learnt	learnt	учить, узнавать
19 leave	left	left	оставлять, покидать
20 let	let	let	позволять
21 lose	lost	lost	терять, проигрывать
22 make	made	made	делать
23 mean	meant	meant	значить
24 meet	met	met	встречать, знакомиться
25 pay	paid	paid	платить
26 put	put	put	класть
27 read	read	read	читать
28 say	said	said	сказать
29 see	saw	seen	видеть
30 send	sent	sent	посылать
31 speak	spoke	spoken	говорить
32 sit	sat	sat	сидеть
33 spend	spent	spent	проводить
34 stand	stood	stood	стоять
35 take	took	taken	брать
36 teach	taught	taught	преподавать
37 tell	told	told	рассказывать
38 think	thought	thought	думать
39 understand	understood	understood	понимать
40 write	wrote	written	писать

Литература

1. Бурова, З.И. Учебник английского языка для гуманитарных специальностей вузов. – М.: Айрис-пресс, 2006.

2. Либерман, Н. И. Английский язык для вузов искусств. – М.: Высшая школа, 1989.

3. Голицынский, Ю. Б. Грамматика: Сборник упражнений. – 6-е изд., – СПб.: КАРО, 2010.

4. http://en.wikipedia.org

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