2. Pronounce the following words paying attention to the short and long vowels.

[ɔ:] order, war, shore, accordance, quarter, launch

[ɔ] economy, product, commerce

[a:] market, advantage, margin, forecast

[ʌ] industrial, production, couple, company, monetary, multinational

[i:] steel, degree

[i] industry, significant, business, mixture, decision, committee

[u:] lose, group

[u] output

Grammar exercises

3. Translate the following sentences into Russian. Make them negative and interrogative.

1. In the UK there were over 27 million tourists in 2004.

2. There are several economic regions in GB.

3. There are significant amounts of coal, small deposits of iron, limestone, black tin and gravel.

4. There is little heavy industry in London.

4. Insert the verb “to be”.

1. There … much unemployment in South Wales today.

2. There … a lot of cattle-farms and farms where milk, butter and cheese are produced.

3. There … no question of taking privatized enterprises back into public ownership.

4. There … plans to increase car production.

5. The Industrial Revolution … a period from the 18-th to the 19-th century where there … major changes in agriculture, manufacturing, mining, transport and technology.

5. Insert “it is” or “there is”.

1. … a highly developed heavy industry in the UK. … shipbuilding, coal mining and steel production.

2. … certain powers and rights that the Queen has. … the Queen who signs every Bill.

3. London is the largest financial centre. … some Stock Exchanges there. Some are known all over the world. And first of all … the London Stock Exchange.

4. Tourism is very important to the British economy. … a lot of places of interest in the country. Royal residence is among them. … Buckingham Palace.

5. … four parts in the UK. England is the largest part. … the most developed part.

6. … two houses in the British Parliament. The House of Commons is presided over the Speaker. … an elected chamber.

7. In the UK everything is done in the name of the Queen. … her government, her armed forces and so on.

6. Insert personal and possessive pronouns.

1. The Queen has certain rights. But … power is limited by Parliament. But officially … is the head of the state.

2. The British Parliament is in the Westminster Palace. … has two chambers. … are the House of Lords and the House of Commons.

3. The Prince of Wales is a Crown Prince. … is the Queen’s eldest son.

4. The most essential element of currency system is banknotes of countries and … ability to serve as a medium of exchange.

5. Parliament has the power to determine the length of … own term.

6. Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland possess … own legislatures and executives.

7. Public schools are free from state control. … are independent. Most of … are very prestigious.

7. Insert demonstrative pronouns.

1. Manufacturing is very significant for Britain’s economy. Motor industry is a part of … sector.

2. Trade relations between countries are very important. … relations are regulated by currency system.

3. The UK is a constitutional monarchy: succession to the British throne is hereditary, governed by the principle of male preference primogeniture, but excludes Roman Catholics or … who marry Roman Catholics.

4. When one party has an absolute majority in the House of Commons, the Sovereign appoints the leader of … party as Prime Minister.

5. People in countries outside the British Isles often call the inhabitants of the UK English. … is incorrect. The UK has at least four nationalities. … four nationalities are the English, the Scots, the Welsh and the Irish.