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6"EFORE STUDENTSSANSWERRTHEEQUESTIONS DRAWWTHEIRR ATTENTIONNTO THEE%XAMMADVICE 4ELLLTHEM THATTIT ISSOFTENN DIFFICULTTTO DECIDEEIF A QUESTIONNISS&ALSE ORO.OT 'IVEN 3TUDENTSSSHOULDDCHOOSEE&ALSEEWHENNTHEEINFORMATION INNTHEEPASSAGE contradicts THEESTATEMENT T4HEYYSHOULDD CHOOSEE.OT 'IVENNWHENNTHERE ISSno information ABOUT THEESTATEMENT INNTHEEPASSAGE

Extension idea Ask students to work in pairs and compare their answers. Ask them to quote the actual words from the passage which gave them their answers.

Answers

1&!,3% x there’s precious little going on that you would normally see on a university campus.

2&!,3% While Harvard stuck to the English model of a classical education, with its emphasis on Latin and Greek, MIT looked to the German system of learning based on research and hands-

on experimentation

3./44')6%.. 4HEEMOTTO ISSMENTIONED BUTBWEE AREENOTNTOLDDWHOOSUGGESTEDDIT

4 425% x its logo, which shows a gowned scholar standing beside an ironmonger bearing a hammer and anvil. That symbiosis of intellect and craftsmanship x

5./44')6%.. 4HEREEISSNOTHINGGINNTHE TEXTTABOUT HOWWMUCHH-)4 GRADUATESSARE PAIDDINN3ILICON 6ALLEY

7.OTE COMPLETIONNTASKSSTEST STUDENTS ABILITIES TOT SCANNTHEEPASSAGE FOR SPECIFICCINFORMATION 4HEY REFLECTTTHEETYPEEOFFREADINGGACTIVITYYTHATTMIGHT BEE REQUIREDDONNANNUNDERGRADUATEECOURSEEOFFSTUDY 4HEE INSTRUCTIONS WILLLTELLLSTUDENTSSHOW MANYYWORDSSTHEYY CANNUSEEFOR EACHHGAP

"EFORE STUDENTSSDOOTHE TASK DRAWWTHEIRRATTENTIONNTO THEE%XAMMADVICEEBOX

ss0OINTTOUTOTHATTBY READINGGTHEETITLE AND SCANNINGGTO FIND THEERIGHT PARTTOFFTHEEPASSAGE THEYYCANNSAVE

TIME

ss4ELLLTHEMMTHAT ASSTHEYYREADDTHEENOTES THEYYSHOULDD UNDERLINEEKEYYIDEAS 4HISSWILL HELPPTHEM TOTIDENTIFY WHAT INFORMATION AND WHATTTYPEEOFFWORD S STHEYY NEED

ss7HENNSTUDENTSSHAVEEFINISHED TELLLTHEM TOTREADD THROUGHHTHEIR NOTES TOTCHECKKTHAT THEYYMAKE SENSE THAT THEYYREFLECT THEEIDEASSEXPRESSED INNTHEEPASSAGE AND THATTTHEIRRANSWERSSARE SPELLEDDCORRECTLY -ANY CANDIDATESSLOSEEMARKSSBY MISSPELLING WORDS WHENNTHEYYCOPYPTHEM 4HISSINCLUDESSTHEEUSEEOFF AASINGULARRFORM WHENNTHEEWORDRINNTHEEPASSAGE ISS PLURAL E G size sizes 4HEYYSHOULDDALSO CHECKKTHATT THEYYHAVEEUSEDDTHEEREQUIRED NUMBERROFFWORDS n STUDENTSSWILLLLOSEEA MARK IFFTHEYYWRITEETHREEEWORDS

WHENNTHE INSTRUCTIONSSSPECIFYYNO MORE

THAN TWO

ss7HEN STUDENTSSHAVEEFINISHEDDTHEETASK THEYYCAN COMPAREETHEIRRANSWERSSWITHHA PARTNER

Answers

6 COMPUTERRSCIENCE 7 PROGRAM

8 ADAPTABILITYY 9 CONTACTTLENS

83HORT ANSWERRQUESTIONS TESTTSTUDENTS ABILITYYTO SCAN AAPASSAGE FOR SPECIFICCINFORMATIONNOR DETAILS

!SSWITHH4&.''QUESTIONS STUDENTSSSHOULD IDENTIFYY WORDSSIN THEEQUESTIONSSWHICHHWILLLHELPPTHEMMTO QUICKLYYSCANNTHEEPASSAGE TO FIND THEEPARTTCONTAINING THEEANSWER 0ROPERRNAMES WHICHHCANNOTOBEE PARAPHRASED ARE OFTENNANNOBVIOUSSCHOICE

ss4ELL STUDENTSSTHATTTO ANSWERRTHESEEQUESTIONS THEY SHOULDDCOPY WORDSSTHEYYFIND INNTHE PASSAGE EXACTLY

2Suggested underlining

11 PROBLEMM %NERGYYINITIATIVEE

12 @GREEN INNOVATIONN VIRUSESS

13 PARTTOFFTHE UNIVERSITYY 4IMM"ERNERS ,EE

3 10 A ONE QUARTER 11 GLOBALLWARMINGG

12 ELECTRICCCARSS 13 THE CORRIDORS

9!SKKSTUDENTSSTO CHECKKTHEIRRANSWERSSINNPAIRS

ss$RAWWTHEIRRATTENTION TOTTHEEBULLET POINTSSINNTHE BOOK 4OOHELPPSTUDENTSSCONCENTRATEEONNPRODUCINGG ACCURATEEANSWERS YOUUCANNREMIND THEMMTHAT T

nnANSWERSSMUST BEESPELLEDDCORRECTLY INCLUDING DOUBLEELETTERSSAND FINALL@E S OTHERWISE THEYYWILLL LOSEETHEEMARK ALTHOUGHHWRITINGGA !MERICANN %NGLISHHVARIANTTINSTEADDOFFA "RITISHH%NGLISHH TERMM AND VICE VERSA IS ACCEPTABLE

nnWRITINGGONE WORDRWHENNTWOOGIVESSTHEEEXACT ANSWER WILLLLOSEETHEEMARK %QUALLY WRITINGG THREEEWORDSSWHENNTHEYYARE ASKEDDFOR TWO WILLL ALSO LOSEEMARKS

nnTHEYYDOONEED TOTREADDTHEEQUESTIONNCAREFULLY 4O CLARIFYY1UESTIONN YOU CAN ASK THEMMWHATT THEENUMBERS AND THREEEMILLIONNREFER

TO THEENUMBER OFFCOMPANIESSFORMEDDBY -)4 STUDENTSSAND THE NUMBERROF EMPLOYEES INNTHESEE COMPANIES

10 !SKKSTUDENTSSTO WORK INNGROUPS OFFFOURR OR THREE IFF YOURRCLASS DOESN T CONTAINNA MULTIPLEEOFFFOUR

ss 'IVEEEACHHSTUDENT A PAPER WITHHA NUMBERR n ONNIT AND TELLLTHEMMTHEYYARE GOINGGTO GIVE A SHORT PRESENTATIONNOFFABOUT TWOOMINUTESSTO ANSWERRTHE QUESTIONNWITHHTHEENUMBERRTHEYYHAVEEBEENNGIVEN

ss 'IVEETHEMMA MINUTEEOR TWOOTO PREPARE

ss4HEY THENNTAKE TURNS TOTGIVEETHEIRRPRESENTATIONSSTO THEEOTHERRPEOPLEEINNTHEIRRGROUP

ss4HEESTUDENTSSWHO ARE LISTENINGGSHOULDDEACHHTHINK OFFA FOLLOW UP QUESTIONNTO ASK THEEPRESENTER ATATHE END OFFEACHHPRESENTATION

Speaking Part 1

1!SKKSTUDENTSSTO LOOK ATATHEE%XAMMINFORMATIONNBOX

ss0OINTTOUTOTHATTTHERE ISSA SHORTTINTRODUCTIONNAT THE STARTTOFFTHEETEST AND THIS ISSNOTNASSESSED

ss%XPLAINNTHAT INN0ARTT THEYYWILLLBEEASKEDDSOMEE VERYYSTRAIGHTFORWARD QUESTIONSSABOUT THEMSELVES 4HEREEARE ALWAYSYQUESTIONSSONNFAMILIARRTOPICS E G travelling OR where you live 3UGGEST TOTSTUDENTSS

THAT THEYYUSEE0ARTT TO GETTWARMEDDUP AND STARTT FEELINGGCONFIDENT ABOUT TALKINGGINN%NGLISH

ssAs a warmer !SK STUDENTSSTO WORKRINNPAIRSSAND THINKKOFFFIVEEOR SIXXQUESTIONS THEYYTHINKKTHEE EXAMINERRMIGHT ASK THEMMINNTHISSPART 4HENNASK THEMMTO CHANGEEPARTNERS AND TAKEETURNSSTO ASK AND

ANSWERRTHEIR QUESTIONS

ss!SKKTHEMMTO LOOKKAT THEEQUESTIONS INNTHEEEXERCISEE AND ASK Do any of these questions look similar to

ones you asked?

ss0LAYYTHEERECORDING FOR STUDENTSSTO LISTEN !T THISS LEVEL STUDENTSSSHOULDDBEEABLEETO COPEEWITHHALLLFOURR SPEAKERS ATAONCE WITHOUT PAUSING INNBETWEEN

Answers

2 PET 3 HAND YOURSELF 4 EXERCISE SPORT

2 Alternative treatment !SK STUDENTSSTO WORK INN PAIRSSAND TRY TOTREMEMBERRWHATTEACH OFFTHEESPEAKERSS SAID D4HEYYTHENNLISTENNAGAINNTO CHECKKTHEIR ANSWERS ss 0OINTTOUTOTO STUDENTSSTHAT

nnTHEY GAINNMARKSSFOR THE RANGE AND APPROPRIACY OFFTHEIRRVOCABULARY AND THATTTO ACHIEVEEA HIGH BAND SCORE THEYYWILLLHAVEETO USEELOW FREQUENCY VOCABULARYYACCURATELY

nnTHEEANSWERS ARE THREEETO FOURRSENTENCESSLONG AND THATTTHEYYSHOULDDAIMMAT THISSLEVEL TOTGIVE ANSWERSSOFFTHISSLENGTHHTO 0ARTT QUESTIONS AS THISSSHOWS THEIR ABILITYYTO LINKKIDEAS USEEA RANGEEOFFAPPROPRIATEEGRAMMAR AND SHOWWTHATT THEYYCANNUSEECORRECTTPRONUNCIATIONNPATTERNS

Answers

1 HOTELLINDUSTRYY 2 FULL TIMEEEMPLOYMENT

3 VERYYAFFECTIONATEE 4 HIGH PITCHEDDNOISES

5 TODDLER 6 REALLYYIMPRESSED 7 MOREOAWARE OF

8 FACILITIES

Extension idea Ask students to work alone and think of three or four less-common words they could use to answer each of the questions so that the answers are true for them. They then work in pairs and take turns to ask and answer the questions.

34ELLLSTUDENTSSTHAT THEYYARE ALSOOMARKEDDFOR THEIRRUSE OFF AARANGEEOFFAPPROPRIATEEGRAMMAR 5SING used to TOTTALK ABOUTUTHE PASTTISSONE ASPECTTOFFTHIS

Answers

1 HAVEE 2 SIT 3 THINK 4 SEEINGG 5 DOO 6 BEING 7 BE

Extension idea When students have finished the exercise, elicit the difference between:

ss used to do, used to doing and get used to doing

ssused to do and would in these contexts (see Language reference in the Student’s Book (page 120) for an explanation).

If necessary, go through the Language reference with students.

4Alternative treatment !SKKSTUDENTSSTO WORKRINNSMALL GROUPS 4ELLLTHEMMTHEYYARE GOINGGTO TRYYTO DECEIVEE OTHERRMEMBERSSOFFTHE GROUP

ss&IRST THEY SHOULDDWORKRALONEEAND COMPLETEETHE SENTENCES BUTBTHREE SENTENCES SHOULDDBE TRUEEAND THREEESHOULDDBEELIES

ss4HEYYTHENNTAKEETURNSSTO READ THEIR SENTENCES OUT TO THE GROUP AND THE GROUP THENNHAVEETO DECIDEE WHETHERREACHHSENTENCEEISSTHE TRUTHHOR A LIE

ss3TUDENTSSGETTA POINT EVERYYTIMEETHEEGROUP MAKESSA WRONGGDECISIONN I E DECIDESSTHEETRUTHHISSA LIEEOR A LIEEISSTHE TRUTH 4HEESTUDENT WITHHTHE MOSTTPOINTSS

ISSTHEEWINNER

Note: NOWWISSA GOOD TIMEETO DO THEEPRONUNCIATION WORK ONNSENTENCEESTRESS

5Alternative treatment 1 'IVEESTUDENTSSA FEW MINUTES TO WORKRALONE AND THINKKOFFIDEASSAND VOCABULARYYTHEYY CANNUSEETO ANSWER THE QUESTIONSSBEFORERTHEYYSTART

ssAlternative treatment 2 !SK STUDENTSSTO GIVEEEACHH OTHERRFEEDBACKKONNTHEIR ANSWERS 9OU CAN ELICITT CRITERIAAFROMMTHEEWHOLEECLASS AND WRITEETHEMMONNTHE BOARD E G

nnDid your partner give fairly long answers?

nnWere the answers well structured and coherent?

nnDid they use a range of higher-level vocabulary?

nnDid they use a range of appropriate grammar, including accurate tenses?

nnWere their answers always relevant?

Extension idea Draw students’ attention to the Exam advice box.

ss4ELL THEMETHATATYPICAL TOPICSSFOR 0ARTT AREEFAMILY life, languages, traffic, shopping, weather, cooking,

animals, housework and reading (you can write these

on the board).

ss 4ELL STUDENTSSTO WORKKIN PAIRSSANDATHINK OFKTHREEEOR four questions which they could ask on one of the topics.

ss4HEYYTHENECHANGENPARTNERS AND WITHHTHEIR NEW partner, take turns to ask and answer questions.

Pronunciation Sentence stress 1

!SKKSTUDENTSSTO LOOKKAT THE 3PEAKINGGREFERENCEEONN PAGE AND POINT OUT THATTPRONUNCIATIONNCOUNTSS FORRA QUARTERROFFTHEIRR)%,43 SCORE FOR SPEAKING 4HISSMEANS THATTINNADDITION TOTLISTENINGGTO THEIR GRAMMAR VOCABULARYYAND FLUENCY EXAMINERSSALSOO NOTEEHOWWEASILYYTHEY CAN UNDERSTAND THEECANDIDATE CANDIDATESSWHO SPEAKKTOOOFAST SLOWLYLOR MUTTERR WILLLLOSEEMARKSSFOR PRONUNCIATION THOSEEWHOOSPEAK CLEARLYLAND AT THE CORRECTTPACEEWILLLDOOBETTER %XPLAINNTHATTTHERE ARE RECOGNISEDDFEATURESSOFF PRONUNCIATION AND EXAMINERS WANTTTO SEE HOW WELLL CANDIDATESSCANNUSEEAND CONTROLLTHESE 3ENTENCEE STRESS ISSONE OFFTHESEEFEATURES ALONGGWITHHTHINGSS LIKE INTONATION RHYTHMMAND THE PRONUNCIATIONNOFF SOUNDS )FFTHEY STRESSSTHEEWRONG WORDSSOR TOOOMANY WORDSSINNA SENTENCE IT CANNSIGNIFICANTLYYAFFECT THE MEANINGGAND OR SOUND VERYYODD IFFTHEYYSTRESSSTHE RIGHTTWORDS IT WILLLHELP THEIRRLISTENERRUNDERSTAND THEM 3TUDENTSSNEED TOTHAVEEA HIGHHDEGREEEOF CONTROLLOFFPRONUNCIATIONNFEATURESSINNORDERRTO ACHIEVE AAHIGHHBAND LEVEL FOR THISSCRITERION

1 Alternative treatment !FTER STUDENTSSHAVEEREADD THEEINTRODUCTIONNTO THISSSECTION ASKKTHEMMTO WORKRINN PAIRSSAND PREDICTTWHICH WORDRWILLLBEESTRESSEDDINNEACH SENTENCE 4HEYYTHENNLISTENNTO CHECK THEIRRANSWERS

Answers

1Suggested underlining

2 THAT SS HOTEL MANAGEMENTT TWOO 3 CATSS

THIS DID 4 TWO TODDLER 5 FITNESS BIT USED 2 a )NNSENTENCEE that’s REFERSSBACKKTO THEE

IMPORTANTTDECISIONNINNTHEEFIRSTTSENTENCE

b)NNSENTENCEE this one REFERSSBACKKTO THEECAT AND ITS DIFFERENCEEFROMMOTHER CATS

2

Answers

1 1 DON TT LIKE E EMPHASISINGGSTRENGTH OFF

FEELING CRIMINALS IMPORTANT INFORMATION HOME IMPORTANT INFORMATION

2RUNNINGG IMPORTANTTINFORMATION AFTERNOONIMPORTANT INFORMATION MORE FORR

CONTRAST THAT REFERRING BACKKTO afternoon ENERGETIC IMPORTANT INFORMATION

3TOOO FORREMPHASIS ANYTHINGG REFERSSTO HANDMADEEITEMSSAND STRESSESSTHE FACTTTHAT NONE CAN BEEMADE HARD IMPORTANTT INFORMATION

4SEWINGG IMPORTANTTINFORMATION COULDN TEMPHASISING INABILITY

5BROTHERR IMPORTANT INFORMATION BADLYIMPORTANT INFORMATION HE REFERRINGGTO brother ) DOO REFERRING TOTSELFFAND CONTRAST

Extension idea Ask students to work alone and choose one of the questions from Speaking Exercise 1. Tell them to write a twoor three-sentence answer, but not to underline any words.

ss 4HEYYTHENEWORKKIN PAIRS AND TAKEKTURNS TOOREAD THEIR answers aloud, stressing the words they feel are important.

ss!SKKTHEM TOOEXCHANGE THEIR WRITTEN ANSWERSSANDAASKD them to read their partner’s written answer aloud. They can follow up by discussing how any changes in stress that their partner has made change the meaning or emphasis of the answer.

3Extension idea Ask students to work in pairs and look at the sentences in Exercise 2 again. Ask them to

suggest another way in which each of the sentences can be stressed and read their ideas aloud to the class. The class should then say how the meaning changes.

Writing Task 1

1As a warmer 1 7ITHHBOOKSSCLOSED ASK STUDENTS How have the proportions of male and female students

at university in your country or at your university changed over recent years? What reasons can you think of for those changes? 9OUUCANNTREAT THISSASSA CLASSSDISCUSSION OR ASKKSTUDENTSSTO DISCUSS INNSMALLL GROUPS

ssAs a warmer 2 !SK STUDENTSSTO OPENNTHEIRRBOOKS LOOK ATATHEE%XAMMINFORMATION BOXXAND SAY WHATT THEEDIFFERENCEEIS BETWEEN GRAPHS TABLES CHARTSS AND DIAGRAMS 'RAPHSSTEND TO BEELINEEGRAPHSSLIKEE THEEONE SHOWN TABLESSCONTAIN COLUMNSSAND ROWSS OFFFIGURES SEEE3TUDENT SS"OOKKPAGEE CHARTS MAYYEITHERRBEEPIEECHARTSS SEEE3TUDENT SS"OOKK PAGE OR BARRCHARTSS SEEE3TUDENT S "OOKKPAGEEDIAGRAMSSARE SIMPLEEPLANSSSHOWING SYSTEMS MACHINESSOR PROCESSESS SEEE3TUDENT S "OOKK

PAGE

ss4ELL STUDENTSSTHAT THEYYWILLLLOSEEMARKSSIFFTHEYY SIMPLY COPYPWORDSSFROMMTHE TASKKTO THEIRRANSWER THEYYSHOULDDREPHRASEETHEEINFORMATION USING THEIR OWNNWORDS AND THISSEXERCISEESHOWS THEMMHOW TOT DO THISSFOR THE INTRODUCTORYYSENTENCE

Suggested answer

4HEEGRAPHHGIVES INFORMATIONNABOUT HOW MANYYMALE AND FEMALEESTUDENTSSGRADUATEDDFROMM#ANADIANN UNIVERSITIESSBETWEENN AND

Extension idea Ask students to look at how the information has been rephrased. Ask them if they can suggest another way of writing the introductory sentence using their own words.

2Alternative treatment "EFORERDOINGGTHISSEXERCISE TELLLSTUDENTSSTO LOOKKAT THE 7RITINGGTASKKINSTRUCTIONS AGAINNAND POINT OUT THATTTHEYYSHOULDDREPORTTTHEEMAINN FEATURES !SK STUDENTSSTO WORKRINNPAIRSSAND DECIDEE WHAT THEEMAINNFEATURESSARE 4HEYYSHOULDDTHEN LOOKKAT SENTENCESS n AND SAYYWHICHHONESSTHEYYHAVEEALREADY IDENTIFIEDDASSMAINNFEATURES

ss 4HISSEXERCISEEASKSSSTUDENTSSTO DISTINGUISH MAINN

FEATURESSFROMMMINOR THOUGHHTRUE DETAILS

ss4ELLLSTUDENTSSTHATTTHEYYSHOULDDAIMMTO SUMMARISE THEEINFORMATIONNGIVENNTO THEM NOTNPROVIDE INTERPRETATIONS REASONS FOR THEEINFORMATIONNOR INTRODUCEEANYYINFORMATIONNWHICHHISSNOTNPRESENTEDD INNTHEETASK

Answers

34ELLLSTUDENTSSTHATTINNORDER TOTACHIEVEEA HIGHHBAND SCORE THEYYWILLLHAVEETO SUMMARISEETHE MAINNFEATURES BUTUALSOOSUPPORTTTHESE WITHHDETAILEDDSTATISTICAL INFORMATIONNFROMMTHEEGRAPHS OROCHART !SK THEMMTO LOOKKAT HOWWEACHHOFFTHE SENTENCESSDESCRIBINGGMAINN FEATURESSISSACCOMPANIEDDBY SENTENCESSCONTAININGG SUPPORTING DETAILS

Answers

'RADUATEENUMBERSSROSEEDURINGGTHE YEARS AND REACHEDDTHEIR HIGHESTTLEVELSSINN BUTBTHERE WERE ALWAYSYMORE FEMALEETHANNMALEEGRADUATESparagraph 2

4HUSSTHEEGAP BETWEEN THE NUMBERROFFMALEEAND FEMALEEGRADUATESSHAD WIDENED paragraph 2 !!MORE DETAILEDDLOOKKAT THE GRAPH REVEALS THATTTHEE OVERALLLGROWTHHINNNUMBERSSWAS NOT ALWAYSYSTEADYparagraph 3

#LEARLY THERE WEREESIMILARRTRENDSSFOR MALEEAND FEMALEEGRADUATESSOVERRTHISSPERIOD BUTBTHE NUMBERR OFFWOMEN GRADUATINGGINCREASEDDAT A HIGHERRRATE THANNTHEENUMBERROFFMEN paragraph 4

44ELLLSTUDENTSSTHATTTHERE ISSNOTNone CORRECTTWAY TO ORGANISEETHEIR ANSWER BUT DIVIDINGGTHEEGRAPHHBEFORER THEYYSTARTTISSONEEWAYYOFFWORKINGGOUTOHOW TOTDO IT 4HISS MAYYNOTNBEEAPPLICABLEETO ALLL0ARTT TASKS

Suggested answer

4HEELINESSSHOULDDCUT THEEHORIZONTALLAXISSAT AND4HEEDATAAHASSBEENNGROUPEDDACCORDINGGTO THE YEARS

Extension idea Ask students to compare where they have drawn lines with each other and with the suggested answer.

54ELLLSTUDENTS

–THEY WILLLACHIEVE A HIGHERRBAND SCORE IFFTHEIR ANSWER ISSCLEARLYLAND LOGICALLY ORGANISED 4HISS INCLUDESSWRITINGGPARAGRAPHSSEACHHWITHHA CLEAR FOCUS

–IT ISSESSENTIALLTO INCLUDEEANNOVERVIEWWOFFTHE INFORMATIONNAT SOMEESTAGE INNTHEIRRSUMMARY OTHERWISEETHEYYWILLLLOSEEMARKS 4HISSISSCOVEREDDINN MORE DETAILLINN5NITT

–THEIRRBAND SCORE ALSOODEPENDSSONNTHEECHOICEEAND APPROPRIATENESSSOFFTHEIR VOCABULARY WITHHLESS COMMONNWORDSSUSEDDAPPROPRIATELY GETTINGGTHEMMA HIGHER MARK

Answers

10ARAGRAPHH LOOKSSAT THE OVERALL RISEEAND THEEGAP BETWEENNMALESSAND FEMALES WHILEEPARAGRAPHH IS A CLOSEEANALYSISSOFFTHE YEARLYLDATA

Extension ideas

1Ask students to copy the words and phrases focused on in this exercise into their notebooks and suggest

they revise them and try to incorporate some of them in their own Part 1 answers when the time comes.

2Ask students to read the sample answer again and highlight words and phrases they think would be useful when doing other Part 1 Writing tasks. They should also copy these into their notebooks.

6Answers

'RADUATEENUMBERSSROSEEDURING THE YEARS AND REACHED THEIR highest LEVELSSINN x !FTERR HOWEVER GRADUATEENUMBERSSSAWWTHEIR strongest GROWTHHRATE x

Extension idea Go through the Language reference on page 119 with students and ask them to supply extra examples for each point alongside the examples in the reference.

74ELLLSTUDENTSSTO REFER BACKKTO THE ,ANGUAGEEREFERENCE WHENNINNDOUBT B4ELLLTHEMMTHATTTHIS AREAAOFFGRAMMAR ISS ESSENTIALLFOR )%,43 CANDIDATESSTO MASTER ASSTHEYYWILL ALMOSTTCERTAINLY NEED ITITO DESCRIBEEANYYTYPEEOFFCHART OR GRAPH

Extension idea Ask students to write four or five sentences like those in the exercise to describe higher education in their country.

ss7HEN THEYYHAVE FINISHED ASKATHEMETO WORKKIN SMALL groups and compare their sentences. If they are

all from the same country, do they agree that the sentences are true? If they come from different

countries, they can discuss how higher education is different in each country.

Note: NOW WOULD BEEA GOOD TIMEETO DOOTHEE+EY GRAMMARRONNPAGEE WHICHHISSONNTHEEPASTTSIMPLE PRESENTTPERFECTTSIMPLEEAND PASTTPERFECTTSIMPLE

8!LTHOUGHHYOURRSTUDENTS HAVEEQUITEEANNADVANCEDD LEVELLOFF%NGLISH THEYYMAY NOT BEEADEPT AT ANALYSINGG STATISTICALLDATA SOOIT ISSWORTH ROUNDINGGUP WITHHTHE WHOLEECLASS AFTERRTHEYYHAVEEWORKEDDINNPAIRS

ss%LICIT THATTTHEYYSHOULDDINTRODUCEETHEETASKKBY EXPRESSINGGTHEEINFORMATIONNGIVENNTHEMMINNTHEIR OWNNWORDS 9OU CAN ELICITTSUGGESTIONSSFOR THIS E G international students – overseas students/students from other countries/from abroad; graduating – obtaining degrees ETC

99OUUCANNASK STUDENTSSTO DOOTHEE7RITINGGTASKKFOR HOMEWORK 4ELLLTHEMMTHEYYSHOULDDSPEND ABOUT MINUTESSWRITINGGAND THATTTHEYYSHOULDDSETTASIDEEA COUPLEEOFFMINUTESSAT THEEEND TO CHECKKTHEIRRANSWER

Extension idea When students have done the Writing task, but before they hand it in, photocopy the sample answer printed below and the questions which follow and give a copy to each student.

ss!SKKSTUDENTSSTOO

–work in pairs and answer the questions

–compare their answers with the sample answer and make any changes they want to their answers

–exchange answers with a partner and comment or make suggestions for improvements to their partner’s answer.

ss7HEN THEYYAREEREADY THEYYCAN HANDHTHEIRIANSWEREIN to you for correction.

Answers to the questions below the sample answer

10ARAGRAPHH ISSANNINTRODUCTION 0ARAGRAPHH LOOKSSAT THEEFIGURESSFOR ACROSS THE PROVINCES WHILEE0ARAGRAPHH LOOKSSAT THE CHANGESSFROM TO 0ARAGRAPH SUPPLIESSANNOVERVIEW

Sample answer

4HEECHARTTCOMPARESSTHEECHANGESSTHATTTOOKKPLACEE BETWEENN AND INNRELATIONNTO THEEPERCENTAGEE OFFOVERSEASSSTUDENTSSWHOOGRADUATED FROMM UNIVERSITIESSINN#ANADA

)N THE PROPORTIONNOF STUDENTSSFROMMOTHERR COUNTRIESSWHOOGRADUATEDDINN#ANADAARANGEDDFROM THREEEPERCENTTINN/NTARIO TO SEVENNPERCENT INN.EW "RUNSWICK .OVAA3COTIAAHAD THEESECOND HIGHEST PERCENTAGE AT &IVEEYEARSSLATER THEEFIGURESSFOR MOSTTPROVINCESSHAD RISENNBY TWOOTO THREE PERCENT WITHHTHEEEXCEPTION OFF!LBERTA 4HERE FIGURESSFELLLBY ONEEPERCENT TO JUSTTOVERRFOURRPERCENT T !!CLOSERRLOOKKAT THEECHART REVEALS THATTSIGNIFICANTT GROWTHHOCCURREDDINN.EWW"RUNSWICK WHERE THE FIGURESSROSEEFROMMSEVENNTO JUSTTUNDER PERCENT (OWEVER THEEBIGGEST INCREASEETOOKKPLACEEINN"RITISHH #OLUMBIA WHEREETHEEPERCENTAGEEOF GRADUATESSMORE THANNDOUBLED ALMOSTTREACHINGGALMOSTT PERCENT INN

/VER THISSFIVE YEARRPERIOD SOMEEPARTSSOFF#ANADA EXPERIENCEDDA CONSIDERABLEEINCREASEEINNTHEIRR PROPORTION OFFOVERSEASSGRADUATES ALTHOUGHH.EWW "RUNSWICKKREMAINEDDTHE PROVINCEEWITH THEEHIGHEST PERCENTAGE OVERALL

Key grammar Past simple, present perfect simple and past perfect simple

14ELL STUDENTSSTHATT)%,433CANDIDATES OFTEN MAKEE MISTAKES WITHHTHEEFORMMOR SPELLINGGOFFTHESEEPARTICULARR VERBS 7HENNTHEYYHAVEEFINISHED GO THROUGH THE ,ANGUAGE REFERENCEEONNPAGE WITHHTHEM

10 TAKENNPLACE 11 EXPERIENCED 12 EXPERIENCED

2%NCOURAGEESTUDENTSSTO USEETHEE,ANGUAGEEREFERENCE WHENNNECESSARY TOTHELPPTHEMMANSWER THESEEQUESTIONS

Unit 1 photocopiable activity

Skills for sale Time: 60 minutes

Objectives

ss4OOCHECKKSTUDENTS KNOWLEDGE OFFDEPENDENTT PREPOSITIONS

ss 4OOPRACTISE SUPERLATIVE FORMS

ss 4OORAISEEAWARENESS OFFSTRESS INNPRONUNCIATION

ss4OOBUILD CONFIDENCEEINNDEALINGGWITH INTERVIEW QUESTIONS

ss4OOPRACTISE VOCABULARYYRELATEDDTO SKILLSSAND QUALIFICATIONS

ss 4OOHELPPSTUDENTSSTO GETTTO KNOWWEACHHOTHERRBETTER

Before class

9OUUWILLLNEEDDTO MAKE ONE COPYPOFFTHE WORKSHEET ONN PAGE FOR EACHHSTUDENT

1As a warmer !SK STUDENTS Have you ever had to ‘sell’ your skills or experience during a job or university interview? Do you think it is an easy thing to do? Why? / Why not?

2'IVEEEACHHSTUDENT A COPYPOFFTHEEWORKSHEET 4ELLLTHEMM THAT THEYYHAVEEANNIMPORTANTTINTERVIEWW FORRA JOB OR AAUNIVERSITYYCOURSE COMINGGSOON AND TO HELPPTHEM PREPARE THEYYHAVE SEARCHEDDTHEE)NTERNETTFOR USEFULL VIDEOS 4ELLLTHEMMTO LOOKKAT THE SCRIPTSSOFFTHREE VIDEO CLIPSPWHICH THEYYHAVEEFOUND AND TO SKIM THEEVIDEO SCRIPTSSTO DECIDEEWHICHHCANDIDATEETHEYYTHINK ISSBEST 2OUND UP ANSWERS WITHHTHEEWHOLEECLASS REMINDING STUDENTSSTHATTTHEREEIS NONCORRECTTANSWERRHERE

3&OCUSSSTUDENTSSONNQUESTIONSS!n$ INNTHEESCRIPTS AND TELL THEMMTO CHOOSEETHEECORRECTTOPTIONS #HECKKANSWERSS WITHHTHEEWHOLE CLASS

Answers

A BEST B MOSTT C LEAST D GREATEST

44ELLLSTUDENTSSTO COMPLETEEGAPS n WITHHTHE CORRECT PREPOSITION

Answers

50UTTSTUDENTSSINNPAIRSSOR GROUPSUOFFTHREE !SKKTHEMM TO MAKEEA LISTTOFFSEVENNQUESTIONSSTHEYYWOULD ASK ANN

INTERVIEWWCANDIDATEEAND WRITEETHEMMONNTHEEWORKSHEET )FFTHEYYFIND IT DIFFICULT TO THINKKOFFQUESTIONS ALLOW THEMMTO USEESOMEEOFFTHE QUESTIONSSFROMMTHE VIDEO SCRIPTS

64ELLLSTUDENTSSTO LOOKKAT THEIRRSEVENNQUESTIONSSAGAIN AND TO UNDERLINE THEEWORDSSWHICH RECEIVEETHE MAINN STRESS INNEACHHQUESTION 'OOROUND AND MONITOR ASS STUDENTS DOOTHIS )FFNECESSARY WORKRTHROUGH SOMEE EXAMPLESSONNTHEEBOARD AND DRILL THE CORRECTTSENTENCEE STRESS

7!RRANGEETHEECLASSSSOOTHAT STUDENTSSARE ALLLWORKING WITH DIFFERENT PARTNERS 4HEYYNOW TAKEETURNSSTO INTERVIEWWEACHHOTHER USINGGTHEIRRQUESTIONS $URINGG THEEINTERVIEWS MONITOR STUDENTS USE OFFSTRESS AND VOCABULARY SOOTHATTYOUUCANNGIVEEFEEDBACK LATERRON

87HENNALLLTHE INTERVIEWSSAREEFINISHED STUDENTSSRETURN TO THEIRRORIGINALLPARTNERSSAND REPORTTBACKKONNHOW GOOD THEIRRCANDIDATESSWEREEAT SELLINGGTHEIRRSKILLS 2OUND UP BY ASKINGGTHE CLASS TO NOMINATEETHEEMOST CONVINCING INTERVIEWEE

Extension idea If you have access to video equipment, film some of the interviews and post them on your class VLE or website.

Unit 1 photocopiable activity

Skills for sale

Steve: 26, Jamaican, student nurse

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Alessia: 43, Italian, graphic designer

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AWhat do you like better / best about your current job or studies?

7ELL THAT SSA DIFFICULT QUESTIONNTO ANSWER BECAUSEETHERE ARE AALOTLOFF THINGSS) MMKEENN1 WHENNIT COMESSTO NURSING )NNTHE END THOUGH IT ALLLCOMESSDOWNNTO THEEPEOPLEEAROUND ME BOTHHPATIENTS AND COLLEAGUES 3EEINGGTHATTSMILEEONNSOMEONE SSFACEEWHENNTHEYYGET BETTERRAFTERRA PERIODDOFFILLNESS OR KNOWINGGTHATTYOURRCOLLEAGUESSARE RELYINGG2 YOU TO PLAYYYOURRPARTTINNTHEETEAMMn THAT SS WHAT MAKESSTHEEJOB SOOSPECIAL

BWho do you admire most / mostly, and why?

) MMA BIGGFANNOFF5SAINN"OLT (EESHOWS THATTIT SSPOSSIBLEETO COMPETE 3 YOURRRIVALS WITHOUT BECOMINGGARROGANT (E SSANNAMAZINGGATHLETEEAND HEECOMBINESSTHATTWITHHA REALLYY OUTGOINGGPERSONALITY )FF) CANNACHIEVEEEVENNHALFFOFFHISSDEDICATIONO 4 WHATTHEEDOES ) LLLBEEPROUDROFFMYSELF

CWhat’s your less / least attractive characteristic?

7ELL ) GUESS THATTSOMETIMESSMY CREATIVEEVISIONNFOR THEEPROJECTSS) M WORKINGGONNCANNBEEA LITTLEETOOOSTRONG 3OMETIMESS) END UP FEELINGGASS IFF) MMRESPONSIBLE 5 EVERYTHING WHENNACTUALLY )

COULDDPROBABLYYALLOWWMY ASSISTANTSSTO TAKEECAREE6 MORE ASPECTSSOFFEACHHPROJECT )T SSEASIERRSAIDDTHANNDONE THOUGH BECAUSEE) AMMREALLYYPASSIONATEE7 MYMWORK

Imran: 31, Indian, IT consultant

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DWhat’s your greatest / most great achievement so far?

))THINKKIT WASSMY FIRSTTPRESENTATIONNAT A CONFERENCE ) WASSPRESENTING THEERESULTSSOFFA PROJECTT) DDBEENNINVOLVEDD8 FOR OVERRA YEAR SOO) WASSREALLYYNERVOUSSABOUT HOWWIT WOULD GO )NNTHE END IT WENTTDOWNNREALLYYWELL AND GETTINGGPOSITIVEEFEEDBACKKFROM MEMBERSSOFFTHEEAUDIENCEEREALLYYHELPEDDME TOEGAINNGREATERRCONFIDENCE 9 PRESENTINGGMY OWNNWORK

automated adj DONEEBY MACHINESSAND NOT PEOPLE

base something on something vp ;4= )FFYOUUBASEE SOMETHINGGONNFACTS OROIDEAS YOU USEETHOSEEFACTS OROIDEAS TO DEVELOPOIT

bring people together vp ;4= )FFANNORGANISATIONNOR ACTIVITYYBRINGSSPEOPLEETOGETHER IT CAUSESSPEOPLEETO DOO SOMETHINGGASSA GROUP

by the time phrase AT THEEPOINT WHEN

channel resources into something vp ;4== TO USE ENERGYYAND EFFORTTFOR A PARTICULARRPURPOSE

a common desire np ;#== A STRONGGFEELINGGOF WANTING TO ACHIEVEEOR HAVEESOMETHING FELTTBY ALLLTHEEMEMBERSSOFF AAGROUP

concentrate on something vp ;4= TO USEEMOSTTOFF YOURRTIMEEAND EFFORTTTO DOOSOMETHING

crucial adj NECESSARYYTO MAKE SOMETHINGGSUCCEED

down-to-earth adj PRACTICALLAND REALISTIC

discipline n ;#= A PARTICULARRSUBJECTTOFFSTUDY

everyday adj NORMALLAND USEDDEVERYYDAY

extraordinary adj VERYYUNUSUAL SPECIAL ORO SURPRISING

facilities plural n BUILDINGS EQUIPMENTTOR SERVICES THAT ARE PROVIDEDDFOR A PARTICULARRPURPOSE

field n ;#== 23 ANNAREAAOFFSTUDY OR ACTIVITY

get to the top phrase 23 TO SUCCEEDDINNGETTINGGONE OFF THEEMOSTTIMPORTANT JOBSBINNA PARTICULARRCAREER

go on to do something vp TO DOOSOMETHINGGAFTER lRSTTDOINGGSOMETHINGGELSE

growth rate np ;#== THE SPEEDDAT WHICHHSOMETHINGG INCREASES

high achiever np ;#= A VERYYSUCCESSFULLPERSONNWHOO ACHIEVESSA LOT INNTHEIRRLIFE

highly gifted adj EXTREMELY INTELLIGENT OR HAVINGGA NATURALLABILITYYTO DOOSOMETHING EXTREMELY WELL

human potential np ;5= PEOPLE SSABILITYYTO DEVELOPO AND ACHIEVEEGOODDTHINGSSINNTHEEFUTURE

inspire v ;4== TO MAKEESOMEONEEFEELLENTHUSIASTIC ABOUTUATSUBJECTTAND GIVE THEMMTHEEIDEAATO DOOSOMETHING

institute n ;#= ANNORGANISATIONNWHERE PEOPLEEDOOA PARTICULARRKIND OFFSCIENTIlCCOR EDUCATIONAL WORK

interact with someone/something vp ;4= )FFTWO PEOPLE OROTHINGSSINTERACTTWITHHEACHHOTHER THEYYSPEAK ORO DO THINGSSWITHHEACHHOTHER

master v ;4= TOTLEARNNHOW TOTDOOSOMETHINGGVERYYWELL

obtain v ;4= TO GETTSOMETHINGGTHATTYOU WANT

recruitment program(me) np ;#= 23 A SERIESSOFFACTIONS INTENDEDDTO GETTPEOPLEETO JOINNANNORGANISATION OROWORK FOR A COMPANY

remain unchanged vp TO STAYYTHE SAME NOTN CHANGING INNANYYWAY

responsible for something adj BEING THEEPERSONN WHO CAUSES SOMETHING TO HAPPEN

sensors plural n PIECESSOFFEQUIPMENT THATTCANNlND HEAT LIGHT ETC

take something for granted phrase TO USE SOMETHINGGALL THEETIME WITHOUT THINKINGGHOW USEFULLIT ISS OR HOWWLUCKYYYOU ARE TO HAVEEIT

telecoms n ;5= SHORTTFOR telecommunications THEE PROCESSSOR BUSINESS OFFSENDINGGINFORMATION OROMESSAGESS BY TELEPHONE RADIO ETC

thus adv INNTHISSWAY

a vast range (of) np ;#= A VERYYLARGE NUMBERROFF DIFFERENT THINGS

visible adj ABLEETO BEESEEN

vocational training np ;5= THEELEARNINGGOFFSKILLSSTHATT PREPAREEYOU FOR A JOB

achieve an aim vp ;4==TO SUCCEED INNDOINGGSOMETHING THAT YOU HAVEEBEENNTRYINGGTO DO

aspiration n ;# 5= SOMETHING THATTYOUUHOPEETO ACHIEVE

award a degree vp ;4==TO GIVEESOMEONE A QUALIlCATIONN FORRCOMPLETINGGA UNIVERSITYYCOURSEESUCCESSFULLY

conclusive results plural n RESULTSSFROMMA TEST ORO EXPERIMENT THATTPROVE THATTSOMETHINGGISSDElNITELYYTRUE

conduct an experiment vp ;4= TOTDOOA TEST ESPECIALLYYA SCIENTIlCCONE INNORDERRTO LEARN SOMETHING ORODISCOVERRIF SOMETHINGGISSTRUE

confirm a theory vp ;4= TOTPROVEETHATTANNIDEAAISSTRUE

cutting-edge research n ;5= RESEARCHHTHAT ISSVERYY MODERNNAND SHOWS ALL THEENEWEST DISCOVERIES

dedication n ;5= WHENNYOU GIVEEA LOT OFFTIMEEAND ENERGYY TO SOMETHINGGBECAUSEEYOU BELIEVEEIT ISSVERY IMPORTANT

determination n ;5= THE DESIREETO KEEPPTRYINGGTO DOO SOMETHING ALTHOUGHHIT IS VERYYDIFlCULT

dissertation n ;#= A VERYYLONGGPIECE OFFWRITINGGON A SUBJECTTTHATTISSDONE ASSPARTTOFFA UNIVERSITYYDEGREE

doctorate n ;#= THEEMOSTTADVANCEDDQUALIlCATIONNFROMMA UNIVERSITYYOR COLLEGE

extensive research n ;5=5VERYYDETAILEDDRESEARCHHTHAT INVOLVESSA LOT OFFINFORMATION

fulfil a lifelong ambition vp ;4= TOTSUCCEED INNDOINGG SOMETHINGGTHATTYOUUHAVEEWANTEDDTO DOOFOR MOSTTOF YOURR LIFE

fund research vp ;4= TOTPROVIDEETHE MONEYYFOR RESEARCH

highlight a problem vp ;4==TO EMPHASISE OROMAKE PEOPLEE NOTICEEA PROBLEM

investigate v ;4= TOTTRYYTO DISCOVERRALLLTHE FACTS ABOUT SOMETHING

ongoing trials plural n TESTSSHAPPENINGGNOW OFF SOMETHINGGNEWWTO lND OUT IFFIT ISSSAFEEOR WORKS CORRECTLY

painstaking investigation n ;# 5= THEEPROCESS OFFTRYING TO DISCOVERRALLLTHE FACTSSABOUT SOMETHINGGUSINGGVERYY CAREFULLAND DETAILEDDTECHNIQUES

PHD n ;#==ANNADVANCEDDUNIVERSITYYQUALIlCATION OROAR

PERSONNWHOOHAS THISSQUALIlCATION

postgraduate course of study n ;#==A COURSEEOF STUDY THAT SOMEONE DOESSAFTERRGETTING A lRST DEGREE

professional qualification n ;#= A QUALIlCATIONNTHATT SHOWSSYOU HAVEETHE SKILLSSAND KNOWLEDGE TO DOOA PARTICULAR JOB

pursue one’s dream vp ;4==TO TRYYTO ACHIEVEESOMETHING THAT YOU HAVEEVERYYMUCH WANTEDDTO DOOFORRA LONGGTIME

recognise a qualification vp ;4= TOTOFlCIALLY ACCEPT A QUALIlCATION

research paper n ;#==A PIECEEOF WRITING ONNAN ACADEMICC SUBJECTTTHAT CONTAINSSRESEARCH

scientific journal n ;#= A MAGAZINEETHAT CONTAINSSARTICLESS ABOUTTSCIENCE

thesis n ;#==A LONGGPIECEEOFFWRITINGGTHATTYOUUDOOASSPARTTOFF ANNADVANCEDDUNIVERSITYYCOURSE

thorough investigation n ;# 5= THEEPROCESS OFFTRYINGGTO DISCOVERRALL THEEFACTSSABOUT SOMETHINGGUSINGGVERYYCAREFUL AND DETAILEDDTECHNIQUES

undertake research vp ;4==TO DOORESEARCH