Kazakh Leading Academy of Architecture and Civil Engineering

HAND OUT

Subject English DGHT

Credits 2 Academic year: 2011-2012

Intermediate level The 2^nd term

Practical lesson 27

Lexical theme: Science and scientists. Grammar: “used to”

Assistant of Professor Nussipaliev Nuzhan Serikovich.

Assos

Level: Elementary

Assoc. Professor: Adilbayeva Ulzhalgas

Science crossword. Please, complete the crossword puzzle.

CLUES ACROSS CLUES DOWN

4.    Energy, force. 1.   Without it, things remain theories.

7.    Scientific work in new fields. 2.    To become solid.

8.    A source of salt. 3.    Mr. Nobel created one for physics.

9.    A unit of electrical resistance. 4.    Men whose field of work is physics.

11.    A new exercise carried out by a scientist. 5.    Unwanted matter.

12 & 13 A serious problem affecting forests. 6.    It occurs when certain chemicals are brought together.

14.    Carbon monoxide. 10.   The profession in which we find doctors and nurses. (adj.)

16.    Where many scientists do their work. 12.   Chemical symbol for a precious metal associated with the

Klondike.

19.    Very small unit of living matter. 15.   Functional part of a living body 20.    Unit of electrical power.

21.    Liquid necessary for most forms of life.

1. Used to

We use used to to talk about:

• repeated actions in the past:

I used to get up at six every morning.

• past states:

I used to live in the country.

• Used to emphasizes that these actions or states are no longer true:

I used to get up at six (but now I get up later).

I used to live in the country (but now I live in town).

• Instead of used to, we can use the Past simple tense:

I get up at six when I was at school.

• Forms of used to:

2011-2012 KazGASA English Nussipalyiev N.S.

I	used to didn’t use to	play with dolls
Did you use to play with dolls?

Note: We can also say used not to, but this sound not formal.

• Used to only used in the past, and has no present form,=. Not the difference between:

- I used to ride a bike. (= I rode a bike earlier, but I don’t now).

- I’m used to riding a bike. (= I often do it, I accustomed to it).

2. Consolidation of grammar

1. Right or wrong? Correct the wrong sentences.

1. When I was child I was playing in the street a lot.

2. She used to have short hair but now it’s long.

3. Nowadays at weekends I use to stay at home.

4. You didn’t use to smoke, did you?

5. Where did you use to live when you were a student?

6. There use to be a cinema there but it close down.

7. He doesn’t like talking his car abroad because he’s not used to drive on the right.

III.Reading. WHO invented the first computer? And when? The answer will surprise you: it was Charles Babbage, in the year 1832. Babbage, who was born in London in 1791, was a great mathematical genius. He was a natural inventor, and invented all sorts of new products.     When he finished school, he went to study mathematics at Cambridge University. There, while Professor of Mathematics in this illustrious university, he designed his "first difference engine". This was, basically, a hand-operated mechanical calculator.     He took nine years to build a part of the machine. This machine, which is in the London Science Museum, can make complex mathematical calculations. It is a basic mechanical computer.     Babbage dreamed however of more complicated machines. In fact, he did not only dream; he began to design them. The result was a series of "analytical engines" which were in fact powerful computers!     His designs contained processors (he called them "mills"), control units, a memory (he called it a store), and an input/output system. These are the four essential parts of a modern mathematical computer!     Alas, Babbage was born 100 years too soon! His "second difference engine" could not use electricity, since this had not yet become a usable source of power; so Babbage had to make do with mechanical systems. For this reason, the machine was big and very complicated, and very expensive. Though Babbage produced complete plans for the machine, he could not build it. It was too sophisticated for its age!     It was not until almost 160 years later that Babbage's "second difference engine" was finally manufactured. The first working version of this machine was built by the Science Museum in London, for the Babbage bicentenary in 1991. It can now be seen at the  Museum; a second machine was then built for an American high-tech millionnaire, who put it in the Computer History Museum, in Mountain View, California.            Babbage's analytical engines would have used "programmes" like those used in the textile industry to make complicated patterns; but they were never built. This brilliant mathematician really was too far ahead of his time!

Vocabulary: Can you explain, in English, the following words and expressions?

an inventor

mathematics

a university

a memory

mechanical systems

a museum

a millionnaire

the textile industry

IV. Speaking

Answer the following questions from the text.

1. When was the first computer invented?

2. Who was Charles Babbage?

3. Where did he study?

4. What kind of thing was he first designed?

5. Was his dream became a true?

Control test

Choose the right variant

I was brought up on a farm, so ______hard work.

1. used

2. used to

3. I'm used to

4. getting used to

2. Choose the right variant

I lived in the country for 20 years, but I'm slowly ________ to living in a city.

1. am used

2. getting used

3. get used

   3. to get used

      3. Choose the right variant

When I was a student I ______speak German.

1. used to

2. use to

3. got to

4. was to

4. Choose the right question

My brother used to eat chocolates when he was 5.

1. Does my brother used to eat any chocolates when he was 5.

2. Did my brother used to eat any chocolates when he was 5.

3. Did my brother use to eat any chocolates when he was 5.

4. Will my brother used to eat any chocolates when he was 5.

5. Choose the synonym of “occasionally ”

1. sometimes

2. often

3. never

4. already

Home assignment: Ex. 7,6 [28]. (from work book) New English File (Intermediate level)

SIW

1. Write a summary about hi-tech.(300-350 words).

2. Prepare a topic on the theme «Great inventers».

Office hours

1. CD “New English File” 4 C (grammar, video, vocabulary).

2. Discussing on the theme “Great scientists”.

GLOSSARY

English	Russian	Kazakh
invent	изобретать	ойлап табу
genius	гений, гениальный человек	өте ақылды адам
engine	двигатель, матор	қозғалтқыш
dream	мечтать	армандау
powerful	сильный, мощный	күшті
store	запас, резерв	қор
complicate	осложнять	қиындату
textile	ткань, текстил	мата
bicentenary	двухсотлетие	екі жүз жылдық

Literature:

1. “New English File” Student’s book. Oxford University Press, 2009

2. “New English File” Work book. Oxford University Press, 2009

Additional literature:

3. «Essential Grammar in Use” by Raymond Murphy. Third edition.

4. Audio Disc of “New English File” Intermediate level.

5. www.linguopress.com

6. www.englishclub.com