Министерство образования республики беларусь
УО «Белорусский государственный экономический университет»
Т.Ф. Солонович
ACCOUNTING AS MY MAJOR =
МОЯ СПЕЦИАЛЬНОСТЬ – БУХГАЛТЕРСКИЙ УЧЕТ
Минск 2009
Рецензент: кандидат филологических наук, доцент кафедры теории и практики английской речи Л.П. Левченко
Рекомендовано кафедрой теории и практики английской речи БГЭУ
Солонович Т.Ф.
Моя специальность – бухгалтерский учет = Accounting as my Major: Учеб.-метод. пособие. / Т.Ф. Солонович. – Минск: БГЭУ, 2009. – 36 c. (1,4 усл. печ. л.)
Пособие содержит учебно-методический комплекс по тематическому модулю дисциплины «Иностранный язык (английский)» «Моя специальность – бухгалтерский учет» и включает тексты и задания для чтения, активный словарь и лексические упражнения для его усвоения, задания для совершенствования речевых навыков по данной теме.
Предназначено для студентов БГЭУ специальности «Бухгалтерский учет, анализ и аудит» .
Accounting as my Major
LEAD-IN
What do you think of accountants and their job?
Choose the description that is closest to your idea of accountants.
1) Accountants are dull functionaries toiling in a back room, endlessly adding up numbers.
2) Accountants are creative people on whom a company's prosperity largely depends.
if other, specify.
READING
Text 1
Read the text and single out the definitions of the following notions:
● accounting
● financial accounting
● management accounting.
The Nature of Accounting
Accounting is the system a business uses to measure its financial performance by recording and classifying sales, purchases, and other transactions. Accounting also provides ways to present this information that make it possible to evaluate a company's past performance, present condition, and future prospects.
Accounting is important to business for two reasons: it helps managers plan and control a company's operations, and it helps outsiders evaluate the business. Because these two audiences use accounting information in different ways, accounting has two distinct facets. Financial accounting is concerned with preparing information for the outside world; management accounting is concerned with preparing information for internal use.
Financial accounting
The outsiders who use accounting information have a variety of interests. Suppliers, banks, and other lenders want to know whether the business is creditworthy; investors and shareholders are concerned with the company's profit potential; government agencies are mainly interested in regulating the business and collecting taxes. These users need information that is objective, consistent over time, and comparable to information supplied by other companies. Thus financial accounting statements adhere to certain standard formats and are prepared according to generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) that have been established and agreed on by the accounting profession over many years.
Management accounting
Management accounting, in contrast, is tailored to the needs of managers in a particular company. Its overall purpose is to help the managers evaluate results and make informed decisions. In a typical company, the management accounting system covers a wide range of financial activities, from recording sales and sending out invoices to helping top management evaluate expenditures on buildings, equipment, and labor.
Thus, of the several available definitions of accounting, the one developed by an American Accounting Association committee is perhaps the best because of its focus on accounting as an aid to decision making. This committee defined accounting as "the process of identifying, measuring, and communicating economic information to permit informed judgments and decisions by users of the information."
2. Read the text again and say if the following statements are true or false according to the information in the text; correct the wrong ones.
Accounting information can help managers evaluate a company's prospects.
2. It is management accounting that is concerned with preparing information for the outside world.
Financial accounting prepares information for internal use.
4. The outsiders that need a company's accounting information are banks, suppliers, investors, government agencies.
5. Financial accounting statements are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.
6. Management accounting helps the managers to evaluate a company's performance and make informed decisions.
7. Accounting is the process of identifying, measuring, and communicating economic information.
3. Complete the following sentences on the basis of the information in the text.
1. Accounting is the system of measuring … .
2. Accounting helps managers plan … .
3. Accounting helps outsiders … .
4. Lenders want to know if the business … .
5. Government agencies are interested in … .
6. Financial accounting statements are prepared according to … .
7. Managements accounting is tailored to …. .
8. Management accounting activities include… .
4. Summarize the contents of the text in 5-7 sentences.
Text 2
1. Scan the text below and pick out the terms that are used to name accounting titles and jobs in the USA.