Фізика, збірник задач
..pdfHKGH<G1 N1ABQG1 KL:E1
=jZ\•lZp•cgZ klZeZ
R\b^d•klv k\•leZ m \Zdmmf•
Qbkeh :\h]Z^jh
Mg•\_jkZevgZ ]Zah\Z klZeZ
KlZeZ ;hevpfZgZ
AZjy^ _e_dljhgZ
FZkZ kihdhx _e_dljhgZ FZkZ kihdhx ijhlhgZ
?e_dljbqgZ klZeZ
FZ]g•lgZ klZeZ
KlZeZ Kl_nZgZ – ;hevpfZgZ
KlZeZ IeZgdZ
KlZeZ aZdhgm af•s_ggy <•gZ KlZeZ J•^[_j]Z
G = 6,6720 10−11 G f2 . d]2
c = 3 10 |
8 |
f |
. |
|
|
|
||||
|
c |
|
|
|
||||||
N |
A |
= |
6,025 10 |
23 |
fhev |
−1 . |
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
R = 8,31 |
|
|
>` |
. |
|
|||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|
|
|
|
fhev |
D |
|
k = 1,38 10−23 >` .
D e = 1,6 10−19 De .
m_ = 9,11 10−31 d] . m j = 1,67 10 −27 d] .
ε0 = 8,85 10−12 N . f
μ0 = 12,57 10−7 =g . f
σ = 5, 67 10−8 <l . f2 D 4
h = 6,62 10−34 >` k .
b = 2,90 10-3 f D R = 3,3 1015 c-1.
121
AZfh\blb dgb]b fh`gZ [_aihk_j_^gvh m gZk
<b^Z\gbpl\h GZp•hgZevgh]h mg•\_jkbl_lm ³Ev\•\kvdZ ihe•l_og•dZ´ \me N Dhe_kkb dhji : f Ev\•\
l_e nZdk -01- l_e -80-41
_e ihrlZ: vmr@polynet.lviv.ua
LZdh` aZijhrm}fh ^h dgb]Zj_gv MdjZ€gb
M Ev\h\• ©MdjZ€gkvdZ dgb]Zjgyª ijhki L R_\q_gdZ
©Dgb]Zjgy GLRª ijhki L R_\q_gdZ
©=eh[mkª ie =ZebpvdZ
©P_glj mdjZ€gkvdh€ dgb]bª \me <heh^bfbjZ <_ebdh]h
©GZmdh\h-l_og•qgZ dgb]Zª ie Jbghd
©DZf_gyjª \me 1 NjZgdZ
©Ghlbª ijhki L R_\q_gdZ
< 1\Zgh-NjZgd•\kvdm ©;md•g•klª \me G_aZe_`ghkl•
MDb}\• ©GZmdh\Z ^mfdZª \me F =jmr_\kvdh]h
©Kyc\hª \me <_ebdZ <Zkbevd•\kvdZ
©L_og•qgZ dgb]Zª \me Q_j\hghZjf•ckvdZ
©;md\Zª \me E Lheklh]h
MOZjdh\• ©RZnZª \me Njmga_
MDjb\hfm Jha• ©;md•g•klª ie <ba\he_ggy
M>hg_pvdm ©;m^bghd dgb]bª \me :jl_fZ -Z
Dgb]b gZ^kbeZ}fh ihrlhx =mjlh\bf ihdmipyf gZ^Z}fh agb`db
gZ kmfm – ]jg – 5 %, 751 – ]jg – 10 %, ihgZ^ ]jg – 15 %).
122
Ijhihgm}fh <Zr•c m\Za• gZ\qZevg• \b^Zggy
;mrfZd•g <.F. lZ •g.
DHF;1G:LHJBD:
GZ\q ihk•[gbd < F ;mrfZd•g < D =Zgme•q : A Fhohgvdh
K 1 Lhf_pvdZ G F Lbfhr_gdh – K_j•y ³FZl_fZlbdZ ^ey •g`_g_j•\´ –
Ev\•\ <b^Z\gbpl\h GZp•hgZevgh]h mg•\_jkbl_lm ³Ev\•\kvdZ ihe•l_og•dZ´ – k
ISBN 966-553-247-2
Qb g_ }^bgbc ihk•[gbd a dhf[•gZlhjbdb ^ey klm^_gl•\ l_og•qgbo <GA mdjZ€gkvdhx fh\hx
:\lhjb m ^hklmig•c nhjf• hagZchfexxlv qblZqZ a hkgh\gbfb ih-
gyllyfb lZ f_lh^Zfb dhf[•gZlhjbdb ydZ } \Z`eb\bf jha^•ehf ^bkdj_lgh€ fZl_fZlbdb Ze_ lZdh` aZklhkh\m}lvky m [Z]Zlvho •grbo gZmdZo J_dhf_g^h\Zgbc F•g•kl_jkl\hf hk\•lb • gZmdb MdjZ€gb yd ihk•[gbd ^ey klm^_gl•\ <GA Fh`_ [mlb dhjbkgbf ^ey Zki•jZgl•\ \bdeZ^Zq•\ ^_ydbo ki_p•Zevgbo ^bkpbie•g lZ ^ey ijZp•\gbd•\ gZmdh\bo mklZgh\
Jm^Z\kvdbc X D DZe_gxd I 1 LZp•c J F lZ •g
A;1JGBD A:>:Q A >BN?J?GP1:EVGBO J1<GYGV
GZ\q ihk•[gbd – K_j•y ³FZl_fZlbdZ ^ey •g`_g_j•\´ – Ev\•\
<b^Z\gbpl\h GZp•hgZevgh]h mg•\_jkbl_lm ³Ev\•\kvdZ ihe•l_og•dZ´
2001. – k ISBN 966-553-096-8
G_h[o•^gbc klm^_glZf •g`_g_jgh-l_og•qgbo ki_p•Zevghkl_c a[•jgbd f•klblv aZ^Zq• a dmjkm a\bqZcgbo ^bn_j_gp•Zevgbo j•\gygv \•^ih\•^gh ^h lbih\bo gZ\qZevgbo ijh]jZf <GA
M a[•jgbdm dhjhldh lZ \ ^hklmig•c nhjf• \bdeZ^_gh l_hj_lbqg• \•^hfhkl• g_h[o•^g• ^ey jha\¶yaZggy lbih\bo aZ^Zq LZdh` ih^Zgh ^_lZevg• jha\¶yaZggy hkgh\gbo lbi•\ lZdbo aZ^Zq
IeZolbgZ H = lZ •g
Q:KLHLGH-D?JH<:G1 :KBGOJHGG1 L: KBGOJHGG1 ?E?DLJHIJB<H>B
GZ\q ihk•[gbd H = IeZolbgZ K K FZa_iZ : K Dmpbd – Ev\•\
<b^Z\gbpl\h GZp•hgZevgh]h mg•\_jkbl_lm ³Ev\•\kvdZ ihe•l_og•dZ´
2002. – k ISBN 966-553-260-O
>hky]g_ggy \ jha\bldm dhfi¶xl_jgh€ l_og•db amfh\beb rbjhd_ aZklhkm\Zggy d_jh\Zgbo _e_dljhijb\h^•\ af•ggh]h kljmfm ijh yd• c^_lvky m ihk•[gbdm
<b^Zggy j_dhf_g^h\Zgh F•g•kl_jkl\hf hk\•lb • gZmdb MdjZ€gb yd gZ\qZevgbc ihk•[gbd ^ey klm^_gl•\ _e_dljhf_oZg•qgbo ki_p•Zevghkl_c <GA LZdh` fh`_ rbjhdh \bdhjbklh\m\Zlbky ki_p•Ze•klZfb \ ]Zema• _e_dljhijb\h^Z fh^_ex\Zggy _e_dljhf_oZg•qgbo kbkl_f klm^_glZfb i•^ qZk \b\q_ggy ^bkpbie•g ³KmqZkg• _e_dljhijb\h^b af•ggh]h kljmfm´ ³Dhfi’xl_jg• ^hke•^`_ggy _e_dljhfZrbggh-\_glbevgbo kbkl_f´
³FZl_fZlbqg_ fh^_ex\Zggy _e_dljhf_oZg•qgbo kbkl_f a lbjbklhjgbfb i_j_l\hjx\ZqZfb´ ³Kbkl_fb d_jm\Zggy _e_dljhijb\h^Zfb´
123
G:<Q:EVG? <B>:GGY
EhiZlbgkvdbc 1\Zg /\klZoh\bq
AZq_d 1]hj JhfZgh\bq
K_j_^Z <heh^bfbj FbdheZch\bq
Djmr_evgbpvdZ L_lygZ >hj•Zg•\gZ
MdjZ€g_pv GZlZe•y :g^j•€\gZ
A;1JGBD A:>:Q
A N1ABDB
J_^Zdlhj HdkZgZ Q_jgb]_\bq
L_og•qgbc j_^Zdlhj E•e•y KZeZf•g
Dhfi¶xl_jg_ \_jklZggy =Zebgb KmdfZgh\kvdh€
Om^h`gbd-^baZcg_j MeygZ D_e_fZg
A^Zgh m \b^Z\gbpl\h I•^ibkZgh ^h ^jmdm
NhjfZl × IZi•j hnk_lgbc >jmd hnk_lgbc Mfh\g ^jmd Zjd H[e -\b^ Zjd
GZdeZ^ ijbf AZf
<b^Z\gbpl\h GZp•hgZevgh]h mg•\_jkbl_lm ³Ev\•\kvdZ ihe•l_og•dZ´
J_}kljZp•cg_ k\•^hpl\h k_j•€ >D ‹ \•^ j
Ihe•]jZn•qgbc p_glj <b^Z\gbpl\Z
GZp•hgZevgh]h mg•\_jkbl_lm ³Ev\•\kvdZ ihe•l_og•dZ´
\me N Dhe_kkb Ev\•\
124