• I think…

• I believe….

• I am not sure but most of my friends say that…

• I wish I were not …

• If only I could…

1. Are you good ____ organizing people and things?

2. Are you used ____ working hard?

3. Are you fond ____solving problems?

4. Are you interested ____ dealing with people?

5. Are you bad ____ working with numbers?

6. Are you tired ____ being just one in the crowd?

7. Are you keen ____ doing things your way?

8. Are you bored ____ doing routine work?

9. Are you afraid ____ missing your big chance?

10. Are you weak ____ coping with difficult situations?

11. Are you accustomed ____ refusing people?

12. Are you proud ____ being born in Ukraine?

13. Are you persistent ____ your work and studies?

14. Are you capable ____ cheating?

15. Are you sure ____ knowing everything about the use of verbals?

TASK 16. In writing describe your best friend and compare her/him with yourself using the verbs suggested below. Choose between infinitive and gerund. Follow the example. The verbs can be used in a different order.

Example: My best friend enjoys socialising with people that is why she often goes to different parties. She always offers me to come with her but I am not a good mixer.

1. to enjoy

2. to offer

3. to risk

4. to practise

5. to encourage

6. to appreciate

7. to refuse

8. to prefer

9. can’t help

10. not to mind

11. to consider

12. can’t resist

13. to avoid

14. can/can’t imagine

15. to hate

16. to often feel like

17. to give up

18. to put off

19. to afford

20. to remember

TASK 17. Paraphrase the sentences given below using the necessary form of the gerund. Sometimes you will have to change the notional verb.

1. She admitted that she was wrong.

2. The boy confessed that he had lost the money.

3. They suggested that we should take an early train.

4. They finally acknowledged that they had received the letter.

5. I decided that I would stay at home.

6. He denied that he had taken part in the performance.

7. He confessed that he had seen her somewhere.

8. He recommended that I should buy a fur coat.

9. I hate it when someone is giggling behind my back.

10. You must forgive that they intruded on you in this way.

11. Mum hates it when we eat and drink between meals.

12. Dina dislikes when he behaves like that.

13. I don't like that you come late every evening.

14. Jill couldn’t excuse the fact that Don was rude to her sister.

15. I can’t bear that he talks to her in that way.

16. Philip doesn't mind if we come to see him.

17. Len laughed at my attempt to eat with chopsticks.

18. Our friends were not happy that we had to leave so soon.

TASK 18. Distinguish between gerund and infinitive forms. Sort out the sentences into the table below. Define the form of the verbal. The first two are done for you.

Infinitive	1,
Gerund	2,

1. My faithful dog appeared to be listening to every word I was saying. (NPCA)

2. I know your dislike of being woken up early but it’s nine already. (NPP)

3. The head of their firm couldn’t see any possibility for this project to be carried out by our company.

4. Alice didn’t seem to have heard me.

5. Michael felt better for having written the letter.

6. His giving up the business on his father’s death offended all the family.

7. I am sorry to have given you so much trouble yesterday.

8. I am angry with you for having put me into this awkward position.

9. This offer is too tempting to be resisted.

10. Raymond didn’t like being called Ray.

11. Only then did I remember having met him in Africa.

***TASK 19. Make up sentences with the words given in brackets so that they mean the same as the first or the second remark of the dialogues. Follow the example.

Example. Mark: What shall we do? – Sheila: We could go to the cinema. (to suggest) = Sheila suggested going to the cinema.

1. Dick: Do you want to play tennis? – Sue: No, not really. (to fancy)

2. Moira: You are driving too fast. – Bella: Yes, that’s true. Sorry. (to admit)

3. Jack: Why don’t we go for a swim? – Lily: Good idea! (to offer)

4. Policeman: You broke into the shop this morning. – Ted: No, I didn’t. (to deny)

5. Secretary: Can you wait a few minutes? – Derek: Sure, no problem. (to mind)

6. Steve: I can do what I want and you can't stop me. – Len: But I can. (to make)

7. Fiona: It's not a good idea to travel during the rush hour, is it? – Rachel: You’d better avoid it. (to recommend)

8. Tom: Shall we go away tomorrow instead of today? – Trish: We can certainly put it off till tomorrow. (to agree)

9. Policeman: You don’t even have a licence! – Brian: Sorry, officer. (admit)

10. Paul: Could you turn the radio down, please? – Diana: Certainly. (to mind)

TASK 20. Fill in prepositions or conjunctions in the sentences below.

1. Our neighbours apologised ____ making so much noise while repairing his roof.

2. I feel lazy. I don't feel ____ doing any work.

3. I wanted to go out alone but Joe insisted ____ coming with me.

4. I'm fed up with my job. I'm thinking ____ looking for something else.

5. We have decided ____ buying a new car because we can't really afford it.

6. I hope you write to me soon. I'm looking forward ____ hearing from you.

7. The weather was extremely bad and this prevented us ____ going out.

8. The man who has been arrested is suspected ____ producing a false passport.

9. I think you should apologise to Sue ____ being so rude to her.

10. Some parents don't approve ____ their children watching a lot of television.

11. I'm sorry I can't come to your party but thank you very much ____ inviting me.

12. Do you feel ____ going out this evening?

13. It took us a long time but we finally succeeded ____ solving the problem.

14. I've always dreamed ____ living in a small house by the sea.

15. The driver of the other car accused me ____ causing the accident.

16. There was a fence around the lawn to prevent people ____ walking on the grass.

17. Forgive me ____ interrupting you but may I ask you something?

18. Where are you thinking ____ spending your holiday this year?

19. The guards weren't able to prevent the prisoner ____ escaping.

20. I wanted to cook the meal by myself but Dave insisted ____ helping me.

21. I'm sorry we've had to cancel our game of tennis tomorrow. I was really looking forward ____ playing with you.

22. George thanked me ____ helping him to do his homework.

23. Tom insisted ____ driving me to the station.

24. Jim congratulated me ____ my passing the exam.

25. I warned Mr. Bond ____ staying in the hotel near the airport.

26. Mary apologised ____ not having phoned me earlier.

27. Jane accused her sister ____ being selfish.

28. My mother disapproves ____ gambling.

29. Nobody suspected the man ____ being a spy.

30. The police stopped everyone ____ leaving the building.

TASK 21. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct infinitive or gerund form.

1. Sue has decided ___________ (to apply) for a new job. Her mother advised her __________ (to write) to several different companies. But Sue prefers ___________ (to work) for a large company where she can meet new people.

2. Carol is too ill ___________ (to go) to work today. She has managed ___________(to drink) some tea and now she wants ___________ (to sleep). Her husband offered ___________ (to call) the doctor, but Carol would prefer ___________ (to wait) and ___________ (to see) if she feels better tomorrow.

3. Daniel decided ___________ (to get) his teacher a present, but he doesn't know what ___________ (to choose). He is thinking of ___________ (to buy) her a book because he knows that she enjoys ___________ (read). His sister will help him ___________ (to pick) a good one.

4. I dislike ___________ (to shop) because I can't stand ___________ (to be) in crowded places. If I have to ___________ (to go) into town, I avoid ___________ (to visit) shops where there are a lot of people.

5. Joan can't afford ___________ (to go) on holiday this year, but she intends ___________ (to save) up so that she can manage ___________ (to travel) around Europe next summer. She is looking forward to ___________ (to visit) a lot of exciting places.

6. Countries all over the world have superstitions which some people believe and others don't. Several superstitions are the same in many countries. For example, many people avoid ___________ (to walk) under ladders, as this is believed ___________(to bring) bad luck. Some people expect things ___________ (to go) wrong on the thirteenth day of the month, particularly if it's a Friday. Some say you must never put up an umbrella inside the house or ___________ (to place) a pair of new shoes on the table. In many places, it is considered unlucky ___________ (to see) a black cat, while in others this is thought ___________(to be) a symbol of good luck. ___________ (To break) a mirror results in seven years of bad luck and if you are careless enough ___________ (to spill) salt, you must throw a pinch of it over your left shoulder immediately. These are just a few superstitions which some people believe in. Do you know any more?

TASK 22. Fill in the gaps with either infinitive or gerund. Be careful with the expressions used to + … or to be/to get used to + … .

1. Jane is American. She came to Britain and at first she found _________ (to drive) on the left difficult. In her home country she used to _________ (to drive) on the right. She was not used ________ (to drive) on the left, but soon she got used _________ (to look) first to the right and then to the left. Now she has no problems. She is used ________ (to drive) on the left and has no problems.

2. When Philip was sent to work in Singapore, it took him a long time to learn _________ (to survive) in that the climate. At first he even worked at night and really hated it, but now he is used _________ (to stay up) late and doesn't mind it.

3. Juan is Spanish and came to live in England. In Spain he used _________ (to have) dinner late in the evening, but in England dinner was at 7 o'clock. This was very difficult for him as he wasn’t used _________ (to eat) so early in the evening. It took him some weeks to get used _________ (to have) dinner ‘in the afternoon’ as he says. Now he finds it quite normal.

4. Julia is a nurse now. A year ago she was a student in a medical school and used ________ (to study) during the day and _________ (to sleep) at night. Now she has to work nights. At first she found it hard and didn't like it. She used _________ (to fall asleep) during her night shifts. It took her a few months to get used _________ (to stay awake) at night. Now, after a year, she's quite happy. She is used _________ (to work) at night and _________ (to sleep) during the day.

5. Len lives alone. He doesn't mind _________ (to live) alone because he has always lived alone and got used _________ (to take) care of himself. When he was a child and his big family lived in one room he used ________ (to sleep) on the floor. When his father got into some money and they moved to a house, it was difficult for Len to get used ________ (to sleep) in bed. Now he is used _________ (to sleep) in bed but sometimes when it is very hot in summer he prefers ________ (to spend) his nights on the floor.

6. Most of his life Jack had lived in Alaska. He was used ________ (to live) in a rather cold climate. Then his boss transferred him to the Middle East. It was very difficult for him at first because he wasn’t used ________ (to live) in a hot climate. He is still not used _________ (to endure) much heat.

TASK 23. Translate into English using infinitive or gerund in the function of an object.

1. В прошлом году я не могла даже мечтать о том, чтобы поехать в Великобританию, а сейчас у меня есть все шансы получить грант на учебу в Манчестерской Школе Бизнеса.

2. Я предлагаю сначала обратиться с этим вопросом к заведующему нашей кафедрой, а если он не сможет помочь, пойти к декану факультета.

3. Белла очень устала сидеть дома одна и общаться только с героями своего романа, и поэтому она решила провести выходные в шумной компании своих университетских друзей.

4. Кто вам сказал, что у этого мальчика способности к изучению языков? Результаты его теста способностей к изучению языков самые плохие в группе. Посоветуйте ему выбрать какую-нибудь другую специальность.

5. Спасибо, что позвонили моей маме. Если бы она не знала, что у нас просто спустила шина, она бы начала беспокоиться и обзванивать все городские больницы.

6. Мария всячески избегала встреч с Филиппом, хотя это было очень сложно сделать, учась в одном университете.

7. Вы думаете, стоит купить это искусственное меховое пальто? – Думаю, да. Оно не только теплое, но и выглядит абсолютно, как настоящий мех.

8. Стюарт был очень огорчен, что не застал Пэт дома. Он ненавидел приходить в пустой дом, когда там не было ни его жены, ни детей. Дом казался ему тогда пустым и даже страшным.

9. Не забудьте принять эти таблетки. – Спасибо за напоминание, но я точно помню, что я их уже принимала.

10. Когда дети вернулись из школы, миссис Торндайк была занята приготовлением обеда, и не заметила, что близнецы были чем-то очень расстроены.

11. Вы не возражаете, если я переключу телевизор на другой канал? Мне не нравится эта программа. И я знаю, что сейчас на канале «Дискавери» показывают очень интересный фильм о доисторических животных. Как насчет того, чтобы посмотреть его?

12. Тед отрицал, что взял деньги из портфеля своего соседа по парте. Он настаивал на том, что деньги могли выпасть их портфеля, когда они дрались на перемене. Но классный руководитель отказывался ему верить, так как это был не первый случай воровства в классе.

13. Извините, что я не позвонил вам вчера, как обещал. Надеюсь, вы на меня не сердитесь. Я с нетерпением жду нашей сегодняшней встречи.

14. Стив обвинил Марту в том, что она была легкомысленной. Он настаивал на том, чтобы она поступила в университет и прекратила бегать на бесконечные вечеринки и часами болтать по телефону с подругами..

15. Я был против того, чтобы Пол вел машину так быстро. Дорога была очень скользкой, видимость из-за тумана была плохой, и наша поездка с каждой минутой становилась все опасней и опасней.

16. Не упустите возможность услышать этого пианиста. Он, говорят, настоящий гений. Его считают самым выдающимся пианистом современности. - Жаль, что я не смогу пойти. Я буду занят подготовкой годового отчета, и я не могу отложить эту работу на завтра.

17. Почему Ванда не надевает то красивое платье, которое она купила в прошлом году в Париже? – Она говорит, что боится его надевать, потому что оно слишком яркое. Ты же ее знаешь, она чувствует себя не в своей тарелке, когда на нее все смотрят.

18. Не стоит давать Фреду советы, даже если вы уверены, что они разумны. Он все равно не будет им следовать. Он очень гордится тем, что никогда не следует ничьим советам.

19. Ты знаешь, в чем твои слабые и сильные стороны? – Я уверен, что у меня хорошо получается генерировать идеи, но я не всегда могу хорошо работать в команде. Я скорее предпочитаю сделать всю работу сам, чем просить кого-то о помощи.

20. Я рекомендую тебе перестать хвастаться. Все знают, что ты довольно способный человек, но я отказываюсь верить, что ты получил высший балл за TOEFL.