Учебник с грамматикой

Министерство образования и науки Российской Федерации Государственное образовательное учреждение

высшего профессионального образования “Ивановская государственная текстильная академия”

Кафедра иностранных языков

Механизация производственных процессов

Методические указания по английскому языку для студентов I курса

факультета механики и автоматики

Иваново 2003

Упр.1.Замените подлежащее местоимением в следующих предложениях:

1. The girl is small. 2. The children are at school. 3. The room is dark. 4. The bird is nice. 5. The dogs are in yard.

Упр.2.Поставьте местоимения, данные в скобках, в нужную форму.

1. Do you know …. ( he ) ? 2. Who is there ? – It’s …. ( I ). 3. (They) …. invite …. (we) to …. (they) party. 4. And do you invite …. ( they) ? 5. Ask …. (she) to come, too.

Упр.3.Переведите предложения.

1. There sentences are not long, are they ? 2. This book is very nice. 3. These are my shoes. 4. That exercise is very difficult, do this one.

Спряжение глагола to be ( быть, находиться)

Спряжение глагола to have (иметь)

Упр.4. Выберите нужную форму глагола “to be” и заполните пропуски.

mathematics … a difficult subject. 13. … they at the lecture now ? 14. … your

1. We … two lectures every day. 2. He … four exams next term. 3. Yesterday the students … only one seminar. 4. After the Institute I … a good profession. 5. Our Institute … a good hostel. 6. Last year they … English classes every week. 7. Next summer we … vacation. 8. We … many new subjects next term. 9. I ... no time in the morning. 10. She … dinner at the canteen. 11. My friends … coffee for breakfast. 12. He … nothing to say at the last meeting.

Упр.6.Переведите предложения, употребляя глаголы “to be” и “to have” в нужной форме.

1. У меня была эта книга. 2. Он был на лекции. 3. Мы будем хорошими специалистами. 4. У нас было три лекции и будет один семинар. 5. У них интересная работа. 6. Все преподаватели и студенты на собрании. 7. У него была практика на комбинате. 8. В пятницу у нас будет экскурсия по городу.

1.There … four faculties at our Institute. 2. Next winter there … a symposium on textile industry in Ivanovo. 3. There … a lecture on physics yesterday. 4. … there a large library at our Institute? 5. There … large textile mills in our city. 6. … there a good hostel when you studied at the Institute? 7. How many students … there in your group? 8. … there … a meeting next Monday? 9. There … no microscopes in this laboratory. 10. There … no questions after the lecture yesterday.

Упр.8.Используя конструкцию “there be”, скажите о том, что есть и чего нет:

1. in the street; 2. at our Institute; 3. in the classroom; 4. in our city

Упр.9.Используя конструкцию “there be”, спросите своих сокурсников о том, что есть и чего нет:

1.in his on in her flat

2.in his or her native town

3.in the hostel

4.in the street

5.out the tow

6.in the canteen

7.at the seaside

8.at the theatre

9.in this forest

Образование множественного числа существительных

Особые случаи образования множественного числа

Упр.10.Напишите следующие существительные во множественном числе:

Упр.11.Поставьте подлежащее в единственное число, сделав необходимые изменения.

1.These are their books.

2.We have English and French lessons.

3.We have English and French lessons.

4.Roses are beautiful flowers.

5.Houses have rooms.

6.Those are little children.

7.Foxes are animals.

8.Watches are small clocks.

9.Classrooms have black boards.

10.These are old oaks.

11.Dogs have tails.

12.Those boys are good friends.

13.Balls are round.

Упр.12.Поставьте существительные во множественное число, произведя соответствующие изменения.

1.This book is interesting.

2.That is a cartoon. 3.This is a space film.

4.That is a new supermarket in our town.

5.That biscuit was tasty.

6.ItÔs a nice cotton dress for my niece.

7.That goose is bid.

8.There is a mouse in the house.

9.This datum is difficult to understand.

10.The crisis is over now.

Упр.13.Переведите следующие словосочетания, обращая внимание на окончание « (s» или « s(»:

The matter(s structure; the workers( problems; Einstein(s theory; two years( work; Newton(s low.

Упр.14.Замените словосочетания с предлогом - of на существительные в притяжательном падеже.

1. The wife of Mr. Smith. 2. The older sister of Mary. 3. The friend of my brotherin- low. 4. The best suit of my father. 5. The novels of Dickens. 6. The hats of these girls. 7. The answers of the students. 8. The dress of my sister. 9. The dresses of the girls.

Physics as a Science

Physics is the science of matter, motion and energy. Newton was the first physicist in the modern sense. As he stated the three laws of motion in 1687, physics has advanced at a rapid pace along a broad road which may be divided into three stages.

The first consists in gaining quantitative knowledge about some particular phenomena.

The next stage involves theoretical study, including, mathematical proof of theories.

The last stage is experimental proof of the most important theories. Until quite recently physicists were in favour of mechanical

explanation. The physicist today deals with mathematics to a large extent. Einstein(s theory of relativity by when the universe is explained mathematically is a powerful tool of physics.

Electricity and magnetism, and electromagnetic radiation of all kinds, from wireless waves to X-rays, were based on Maxwell(s theory. It resolves the world into electric charges and electric and magnetic waves.

Physics originally developed, and is still taught today, along several different lines: mechanics, heat, light, electricity and magnetism, and sound. When it was shown that light had the characteristics of a wave motion, heat may be converted into mechanical work, and electricity and magnetism can be generated by mechanical means, physics got a proof of the unity of nature.

Упр.I.Образуйте сравнительную и превосходную степень от следующих прилагательных:

Rapid, broad, powerful, large, important

Упр.II.Употребите притяжательное местоимение вместо подчеркнутого словосочетания, используя данную модель:

the explanation of some particular phenomena .

Упр.III.Переведите на английский язык предложения, начиная их с

“there are” или “they are”.

1.В науке существует много различных теорий.

2.Они являются мощным инструментом для объяснения явлений природы.

3.В физике имеется несколько направлений.

4.Ими являются следующие.

5.В природе существуют электрические и магнитные волны.

6.Они являются причиной электромагнитных явлений.(the cause –

электромагнитные явления)

Упр.IV.Замените подчеркнутые существительные словом “that” или “those”. Переведите предложения.

1.The science of physics is the science of matter and energy.

2.The laws of physics are to a large extent like the laws of other natural sciences.

3.The characteristics of this phenomenon are quite different from the characteristics of a wave motion.

4.Einstein(s theory of relativity is the theory explaining the universe mathematically.

Упр.V. Определите разницу в функциях слова “that”.

1.That theory is old.

2.Newton formulated his theory of colours that was based on his studies of light.

3.We know that mathematics is a powerful tool of any science.

4.That electricity and magnetism are closely connected was proved by Maxwell(s theory.