Занятие 1

Тема 1.4. Из истории социальной работы (Октавия Хилл) .

Продолжительность занятия: 2 часа.

Цель: Овладеть активной лексикой и основными лексико-грамматическими конструкциями, необходимыми и достаточными для построения монологических и диалогических высказываний.

Задачи:

1. ознакомить с активной лексикой и тренировать ее

2. тренировать грамматические модели

3. тренировка навыков изучающего и информативного чтения, устного высказывания

Этапы занятий и рекомендуемая продолжительность тренировки видов речевой деятельности:

1. Проверка домашнего задания. Направлено на формирование компетенции (20 мин).

2. Информативное чтение. Направлено на развитие компетенции ОК-14 (70 мин).

Task 1. Изучите следующие слова и словосочетания:

Tenant – арендатор жилья, квартиросъемщик; return-on-investment – прибыль на инвестированный капитал, дивиденд; empowerment – расширение возможностей; resilience – жизнестойкость; charity – благотворительность; advocacy work – деятельность по защите; welfare state – государство всеобщего благосостояния (с системой социального обеспечения); sustainability – устойчивое развитие, долговременность; alms [a:mz] – милостыня, подаяние; pauperism – нищета, крайняя бедность

Task 2. Прочитайте текст.

Octavia hill

(1) It is 1864 when teacher and artist Octavia Hill (1838-1912) starts to work in the poor neighborhoods of Late Victorian London (in what is now Maryleboneburough and one of the most expensive places to live). She works with people at the bottom of the social ladder: poor, unemployed, living in cold and damp dwellings. Housing is her main focus. Hill sees a well-maintained house, however small, with light, air and space – and with neighbours who care about each other – as life necessity.

(2) Money from the art critic John Ruskin enables her to buy three houses in what is now central London. Each week, she personally collects the rent and discusses issues with the tenants. Housing is the basis, but also the starting point of other activities: development of gardens, play gardens for the children, excursion. Octavia Hill starts living in the Marylebone borough of London herself, and builds an accommodation behind her house to host weekend- and evening activities for children, women and elderly persons.

(3) As a result of careful housing management, she succeeds in having a 5% return-on-investment. Her housing projects become an attractive investment. She expands her work, gathers more funds and support. Many women receive training enabling them to act as social workers. Octavia Hill works in a way that strengthens self respect and trust in own capabilities. These days, we would call that empowerment and resilience. She hates philanthropy that creates dependency. In 1869, she is one of the founding members of the Charity Organization Society that aims to modernize poverty work. Its origins go back to Elberfeld, Germany.

(4) Octavia Hill starts advocacy work for nature in and around London in 1975. She becomes one of the three founding members of the National Trust in 1894. The organization is still an important actor in the maintenance of parks, castles and nature in the UK. Octavia‟s influence is far reaching, and has links to Amsterdam, Berlin and Chicago. Her 1883 publication The homes of the London poor helps spreading her ideas across the world.

(5) Although by the end of her life, interest in her thinking declined because of her great emphasis on individual and small-scale social work, the past few decades have seen a renewed interest. Hill refused to acknowledge that significant government intervention could be needed to deal with major social problems such as poverty, housing and unemployment. In her thinking, government initiatives should never replace voluntary action. With the emergence of the welfare state, her popularity eroded. Within the current discussion about the sustainability of the welfare state, parts of Hill‟s work emerge again.

(6) Octavia Hill is remarkable in the history of social work because she rejected alms. Those would only bring curses and keep citizens at the edge of pauperism. Hill believed in a paternalistic approach that changed the attitudes of poor people. More and better houses wouldn‟t help to get rid of slums: “The people‟s homes are bad, partly because they are badly built and arranged, they are tenfold worse because the tenants‟ habits and lives are what they are. Transplant them tomorrow to healthy and commodious homes and they would pollute and destroy them” (1875)

Task 3. Найдите английские эквиваленты для следующих выражений из текста:

Возобновление/возрождение интереса; избавиться от трущоб; отвергать; иметь дело с/заниматься; снижаться; в десятки раз хуже; собирать арендную плату; преуспевать в; позволить кому-либо сделать что-либо; повышать самоуважение; распространять идеи по всему миру; изменить отношение.

Task 4. Дополните вводное предложение аннотации таким образом, чтобы оно выражало содержание текста в обобщенном виде.

В данном тексте рассматривается…

1) Способы получения прибыли от жилищных проектов, используемые в 19 веке;

2) Социальные проекты, в которых участвовала Октавия Хилл;

3) Ее деятельность по борьбе с нищетой и преступностью в стране.

Task 5. В соответствии с содержанием текста выберите ответы на вопросы: