6. Insert one of the following words into the text in an appropriate form.

Fingerprints

scientific, fingerprints,

to set up, forensic, subsequently,

to record, identification, skin,

ridge, examination, patterns, scene,

to transmit, evidence, to arrest, specimen

Very many books and ... papers have been published on the subject of ..., and the reference to “the prints from man’s hand” can even be found in the Bible.

The study of the application of fingerprints for useful ... purposes was ... in the latter part of the 17^th century when, in 1684, the anatomist Doctor N. Grew published a paper on the subject which he illustrated with drawings of various fingerprints ... . About the same period, in Italy, Prof. Malpigni was investigating the functions of the ... .

A method of classifying and research in this field was initiated by Sir Francis Galton and Henry Faulds independently at the end of the 19 ^th century.

Each day, the fingerprints of people who have been sentenced to a term of imprisonment, and those who have been ... and charged with other then the most minor offences, are ... to New Scotland Yard for processing.

One of the main tasks of the National Fingerprints Office is to establish whether the person has a previous record. Scenes of serious crime are examined for fingerprints by Senior Identification Officers. The function of these officers to detect and to ... any finger or palm mark (or the arrangement of ... patterns) which an offender may have left at the scene. They also retrieve ... clues, e.g. a ... of blood, shoe or tissue marks, which are then forwarded to the Forensic laboratory for microscopic ... .

One of the cases involving the use of fingerprints ... was in 1905, when a thumb

print left on a cash box at the ... of a murder in Deptford of shopkeepers Mr. and Mrs. Farrow, was identified as belonging to Alfred Stratton, one of two brothers. As a result they were jointly charged with the crime and ... hanged.

7. There are two crime-detection methods, fill in the chart with the words below. Sort out odd words.

Fingerprinting	DNA profiling

Specimen, oily secretion, blood, bullet, powder, hair root, tissue, finger, skin, weapon, fingertip, ridge pattern, fingerprint record, shooting incidents.

8. WORD FAMILIES. The verbs below can all be used to form nouns. Find in the text the words which have related meanings and make up your own sentences with them. Pay special attention to where the stress is.

Example: To lead – a leader (n.) e. g. Who is the leader of this political party?

To compare, to record, to identify, to investigate, to test, to examine, to present.

9. Complete the table. Consult the text or a dictionary if necessary.

Crime	Definition	Arm of the service	Criminal	Verb
murder arson terrorism theft shoplifting drug-trafficking

Post-reading tasks___________________________________________________

10. DISCUSSION. What are the types of witnesses that an investigator can deal with at the time of investigating a case?

11. An investigator is to ask and answer a lot of questions to disclose a crime and classify it. Write them out, they are beginning with:

1. who(at least 5);

2. what (at least 7);

3. where (at least 7);

4. when (3);

5. how (4);

6. with what (2);

7. why (2);

8. with whom (4);

9. how much (4).

12. Read the text and 1) give the names to the types of murders considering the motive; 2) write out Participles I and Participles II and give written translation.

1. Because these murders are not carefully planned, but instead spring from emotions spontaneously acted on, there are often witnesses and considerable evidence. This type of murder occurs most frequently and tends to follow a set pattern:

• The victim and the assailant were married living together;

• The victim and the assailant were under the influence of alcohol;

• The victim and the assailant were from a low socioeconomic group;

• The incident that led to the assault was trivial;

• The assailant has been implicated in earlier violent incidents.

2. These murders occur between individuals who are professionally or personally involved in such a manner that the perpetrator stands to benefit materially from the victim’s death. The material benefit can take many forms. One of the key questions that the investigator must ask is: Who stands to gain the most from the victim? These murders are carefully planned, and the perpetrator sometimes goes to great length to make the death appear natural or accidental.

3. Like spontaneous murders, these murders have a high clearance rate because the assailant is primarily concerned with injuring or killing the person on whom his or her emotions have become fixed. The murderer is often a rejected lover, and the victim may be either the person who has done the rejecting or some third party involved in a lover’s triangle.

4. These murders may be pre-planned by the perpetrator or may occur as a secondary aspect of a sex crime. The actual murder of the victim may occur before, during, or after the sex act; it depends on the idiosyncrasies (відхилення в психіці) of the perpetrator and the actions of the victim.

5. Judges, police officers, organized crime figures and drug dealers may be victims of these murders. In some instances the act of revenge (помста) is made indirectly, on some member of the target person's family.