III. Language

Exercise 9. Translate the following word-combinations into Russian:

in the proper sequence…

to vary according to the capacity…

to be slow as compared with…

the top output speed…

ordinary typed characters….

to be expressed for the computer’s purposes…

presence and absence of electric pulse…

to be interested in the operation of a computer…

to be able to take in information…

to release information at the proper speed…

Exercise 10. Give the English equivalents to the Russian words and word-combinations in the following sentences:

1. Скорость вычисления of modern computers is tremendous.

2. 1’s and 0’s may be expressed for the computer as перфорированные отверстия и пробелы.

3. Коэффициент преимущества of the computer compared with a human being was about 10000 to 1 in the early 60s.

4. A human being can write by hand со скоростью of 30 words per minute.

5. Для эффективного использования of the computer’s tremendous speed buffers are used.

6. A computer can control высокоскоростным построчно-печатающим устройством which will punch 20 lines per second.

7. Information for цифрового компьютера has to be in the form of digits or characters.

8. The computer puts out the results in the form приемлемой для людей.

9. Peripheral devices can be classified согласно их функциям into input, output and storage ones.

10. The speakers of a computer system must be connected to an electronic module called контроллер внешнего устройства.

Exercise 11. Complete the sentences using information from the text:

1. Auxiliary devices are classified by their functions…

2. The input unit provides…

3. The digits and characters are expressed for the computer as …

4. The computer can put out information in a form…

5. Input/output devices are connected to …

6. The peripheral equipment is slow as compared with…

7. Devices called buffers may be used for efficient use of the computer's…

8. A human being is known to type at the rate ...

9. The ratio between a computer speed and the output speed of a human being...

10. The input unit accepts the data… and programs for…

IV. Comprehension

Exercise 12. Agree or disagree with following statements. If you disagree, justify your answer.

1. I/o devices are directly connected to an electronic module inside the system unit called an audio card.

2. Buffers are used to convert digital signals into analogue ones.

3. To be accepted by the machine, information for a digital computer has to be in the form of symbols.

4. The input unit makes possible communication from the other data-handling equipment and human being to the computer.

5. The output of a computer varies according to the amount of received information.

6. All peripheral equipment is slow as compared with, the computer.

7. The computer can hardly put out information in a form acceptable to human beings.

8. A human being is known to write by hand at the rate of about 100 words per minute.

9. The characters are regularly expressed for the computer's purposes as six or seven 1’s and 0’s.

10. Peripheral devices are grouped by their size and power into input, output and storage devices.

Exercise 13. Look through the text and give definitions to the following concepts:

• a peripheral device;

• an input device;

• an output device;

• a buffer;

• a device controller;

• an audiocard.

Exercise 14. Answer the questions:

1. What categories are peripherals divided into?

2. What is the input unit?

3. What is the general purpose of the input unit?

4. How are characters expressed to be accepted by the machine?

5. How may 1’s and 0’s be expressed for the computer?

6. What does the input unit accept?

7. What is the general purpose of output unit?

8. How does the output of a computer vary?

9. How are input and output devices usually called?

10. What are i/o devices connected to?

11. Is the peripheral equipment quick as compared with the computer?

12. What is a buffer?

13. What is a buffer used for?

14. At what rate does a human being write by hand?

15. What is the ratio between a computer’s speed and the top output speed of a human being?