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5@<L 87402=0 A;028BAO <C7K:0;L=K<8 8 B50B@0;L=K<8 B@048F8O<8. 1 8 0 6 745AL A>AB>O;AO ?5@2K9 <C7K:0;L=K9 A?5:B0:;L, 2 1 8 7 8 A>>@C65=> :0<5==>5 740=85 >?5@=>3> B50B@0, 2 1 8 9 5 1K;0 >@30=87>20=0 B50B@0;L=0O 48@5:F8O, A<5=82H0O G0AB=CN 0=B@5?@87C. K=5 2 5@<8 >B:@KBK B50B@K: >?5@K 8 10;5B0 8<. . . '09:>2A:>3> ( >A=. 2 1 8 7 0 ) , 4@0<0B8G5A:89 ( 1 9 2 7 ) , :C:>; ( 1 9 4 0 ) , N=>3> 7@8B5;O ( 1 9 4 5 ) . 8@>2>9 8725AB=>ABLN ?>;L7C5BAO ?5@<A:0O 10;5B=0O H:>;0 ( %>@5>3@0D8G5A:>5 CG8;8I5 >A=>20=> 2 1 9 4 5 ) . $8;0@<>=8O. &8@:. %C4>65AB25==0O 30;5@5O. @05254G5A:89 <C759.
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
P e r m
P e r m - t h e l a r g e s t c i t y o f P e r m , t h e c e n t e r o f t h e P e r m r e g i o n . T h e c i t y i s s i t u a t e d o n t h e K a m a R i v e r . F r o m t h e p e r s p e c t i v e o f e c o n o m i c g e o g r a p h y , P e r m i s a m e m b e r o f t h e U r a l e c o n o m i c r e g i o n . K a m a - t h e f o u r t h l o n g e s t r i v e r i n E u r o p e . T h e c i t y i s a n i m p o r t a n t r i v e r p o r t . P a s s e n g e r s h i p s , c a r g o s h i p s a n d b a r g e s c o m e t o P e r m f r o m f i v e s e a s . K a m a R i v e r e m b a n k m e n t n e a r t h e s t a t i o n - o n e o f t h e m o s t p i c t u r e s q u e p l a c e s .
T h e c i t y i s s u r r o u n d e d b y b e a u t i f u l p i n e f o r e s t s . T h e c l i m a t e i s c o n t i n e n t a l i n P e r m . K a m a r e s e r v o i r , m a k i n g i t v e r y m o i s t . P e r m h a s a n a r e a o f 7 2 0 s q u a r e m e t e r s . m i l e s . T h e c i t y s t r e t c h e s a l o n g t h e K a m a t o 6 5 k m . I n t h e C o m m o n w e a l t h o f I n d e p e n d e n t S t a t e s P e r m s e c o n d i n s i z e o n l y t o M o s c o w a n d K i e v .
P o p u l a t i o n : 1 , 0 0 0 , 1 0 0 p e o p l e
R i v e r s t a t i o n , r a i l w a y s t a t i o n P e r m P e r m I a n d I I , l a r g e a i r p o r t s a n d B a h a r e v k a S a v i n o i s a " g a t e w a y " c i t i e s . P e r m - o n e o f t h e l a r g e s t i n d u s t r i a l , s c i e n t i f i c a n d c u l t u r a l c e n t e r s o f o u r c o u n t r y .
T h e c i t y o w e s i t s e x i s t e n c e t o V N T a t i s h c h e v ( 1 6 8 6 - 1 7 5 0 ) , w h o i s c o n s i d e r e d t h e f o u n d e r o f P e r m . H e w a s a f a m o u s f i g u r e i n h i s t i m e a s s o c i a t e o f P e t e r t h e G r e a t . T a t i s h c h e v w a s a p r o m i n e n t m i n i n g e n g i n e e r , h i s t o r i a n a n d g e o g r a p h e r . I n 1 7 2 3 h e w a s d r a f t e d a n d s u p e r v i s e d t h e c o n s t r u c t i o n o f E g o s h i h i n s k o g o s m e l t e r p l a n t a n d f o u n d e d t h e s e t t l e m e n t n e a r t h e r i v e r E g o s h i h i ( o r Y a g o s h i h i ) , a t r i b u t a r y o f t h e K a m a .
T h e n e w t o w n w a s n a m e d " P e r m " a n d b e c a m e a p r o v i n c i a l t o w n i n a c c o r d a n c e w i t h t h e d e c r e e o f C a t h e r i n e I I . I n 1 6 9 2 t h e v i l l a g e w a s o f f i c i a l l y r e g i s t e r e d B r y u h a n o v k a , l o c a t e d o n Y a g o s h i h e . I t m a y b e c a l l e d " m o t h e r o f " P e r m . I n 1 9 2 3 h e j o i n e d t h e P e r m U r a l r e g i o n , w h i c h w a s t h e c e n t e r o f E k a t e r i n b u r g . I n 1 9 3 8 t h e c i t y a c q u i r e d i t s p r e s e n t s t a t u s .
T h e o u t l i n e s o f P e r m a l t e r h i g h - r i s e b u i l d i n g s . O n e o f t h e m o s t b e a u t i f u l b u i l d i n g s o w n e d b y t h e b u i l d i n g o f t h e K a m a S h i p p i n g C o m p a n y ( t h e f o r m e r h o m e o f p a r o h o d c h i k a N . V . M e s h k o v a ) , w h i c h r e f l e c t s t h e a r c h i t e c t u r e o f t h e 1 9 t h c e n t u r y .
T h e m o s t i m p r e s s i v e m o n u m e n t s a r e a m o n u m e n t t o t h e h e r o o f t h e f r o n t a n d r e a r o f t h e p a r k - t h e e s p l a n a d e a l o n g t h e s t r e e t , L e n i n m o n u m e n t t o V I L e n i n K o m s o m o l i n t h e p a r k a n d t h e m e m o r i a l c o m p l e x i n h o n o r o f t h e U r a l s V o l u n t e e r T a n k C o r p s .
P e r m - o n e o f t h e c u l t u r a l a n d s c i e n t i f i c c e n t e r s i n t h e c o u n t r y . U n i v e r s i t y ( f o u n d e d i n 1 9 1 6 , t h e f i r s t i n t h e U r a l s i n s t i t u t i o n o f h i g h e r e d u c a t i o n ) , T e c h n i c a l U n i v e r s i t y o f i n s t i t u t i o n s : m e d i c a l , a g r i c u l t u r a l , p h a r m a c e u t i c a l , t e a c h i n g , a r t s a n d c u l t u r e . I n s t i t u t e o f P e r m S c i e n t i f i c C e n t e r , U r a l B r a n c h , R u s s i a n A c a d e m y o f S c i e n c e s a n d o t h e r r e s e a r c h a n d d e s i g n i n s t i t u t i o n s .
P e r m h a s l o n g b e e n k n o w n f o r m u s i c a l a n d t h e a t r i c a l t r a d i t i o n s . I n 1 8 0 6 i t h o s t e d t h e f i r s t m u s i c a l p e r f o r m a n c e i n 1 8 7 8 e r e c t e d a s t o n e o p e r a h o u s e i n 1 8 9 5 w a s o r g a n i z e d b y t h e t h e a t e r m a n a g e m e n t , w h i c h h a s h a d a p r i v a t e e n t r e p r i s e . N o w o p e n t h e a t e r s i n P e r m : O p e r a a n d B a l l e t T h e a t r e . P I T c h a i k o v s k y ( f o u n d e d i n 1 8 7 0 ) , D r a m a ( 1 9 2 7 ) , D o l l ( 1 9 4 0 ) , Y o u n g P e o p l e ( 1 9 4 5 ) . W o r l d f a m o u s b e i n g t h e P e r m B a l l e t S c h o o l ( C h o r e o g r a p h i c S c h o o l w a s f o u n d e d i n 1 9 4 5 ) . P h i l h a r m o n i c . C i r c u s . A r t G a l l e r y . N a t i o n a l H i s t o r y M u s e u m .
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G5@B0=8O 5@<8 87<5=ONB <=>3>MB06=K5 740=8O. G8A;C A0<KE :@0A82KE 740=89 ?@8=04;568B 740=85 0<A:>3> ?0@>E>4AB20 ( 1K2H89 4>< ?0@>E>4G8:0 . . 5H:>20) , :>B>@>5 >B@0605B 0@E8B5:BC@C 1 9 AB>;5B8O.
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5@<L - >48= 87 :C;LBC@=KE 8 =0CG=KE F5=B@>2 AB@0=K. #=825@A8B5B ( >A=. 2 1 9 1 6 , ?5@2>5 =0 #@0;5 2KAH55 CG51=>5 702545=85) , B5E=8G5A:89 C=825@A8B5B, 8=AB8BCBK: <548F8=A:89, A5;LA:>E>7O9AB25==K9, D0@<0F52B8G5A:89, ?5403>38G5A:89, 8A:CAAB2 8 :C;LBC@K. 5@<A:>3> =0CG=>3> F5=B@0 #@0;LA:>3> >B45;5=8O >AA89A:>9 8 4@C385 =0CG=>- 8AA;54>20B5;LA:85 8 ?@>5:B=>- :>=AB@C:B>@A:85 CG@5645=8O.
5@<L 87402=0 A;028BAO <C7K:0;L=K<8 8 B50B@0;L=K<8 B@048F8O<8. 1 8 0 6 745AL A>AB>O;AO ?5@2K9 <C7K:0;L=K9 A?5:B0:;L, 2 1 8 7 8 A>>@C65=> :0<5==>5 740=85 >?5@=>3> B50B@0, 2 1 8 9 5 1K;0 >@30=87>20=0 B50B@0;L=0O 48@5:F8O, A<5=82H0O G0AB=CN 0=B@5?@87C. K=5 2 5@<8 >B:@KBK B50B@K: >?5@K 8 10;5B0 8<. . . '09:>2A:>3> ( >A=. 2 1 8 7 0 ) , 4@0<0B8G5A:89 ( 1 9 2 7 ) , :C:>; ( 1 9 4 0 ) , N=>3> 7@8B5;O ( 1 9 4 5 ) . 8@>2>9 8725AB=>ABLN ?>;L7C5BAO ?5@<A:0O 10;5B=0O H:>;0 ( %>@5>3@0D8G5A:>5 CG8;8I5 >A=>20=> 2 1 9 4 5 ) . $8;0@<>=8O. &8@:. %C4>65AB25==0O 30;5@5O. @05254G5A:89 <C759.
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P e r m
P e r m - t h e l a r g e s t c i t y o f P e r m , t h e c e n t e r o f t h e P e r m r e g i o n . T h e c i t y i s s i t u a t e d o n t h e K a m a R i v e r . F r o m t h e p e r s p e c t i v e o f e c o n o m i c g e o g r a p h y , P e r m i s a m e m b e r o f t h e U r a l e c o n o m i c r e g i o n . K a m a - t h e f o u r t h l o n g e s t r i v e r i n E u r o p e . T h e c i t y i s a n i m p o r t a n t r i v e r p o r t . P a s s e n g e r s h i p s , c a r g o s h i p s a n d b a r g e s c o m e t o P e r m f r o m f i v e s e a s . K a m a R i v e r e m b a n k m e n t n e a r t h e s t a t i o n - o n e o f t h e m o s t p i c t u r e s q u e p l a c e s .
T h e c i t y i s s u r r o u n d e d b y b e a u t i f u l p i n e f o r e s t s . T h e c l i m a t e i s c o n t i n e n t a l i n P e r m . K a m a r e s e r v o i r , m a k i n g i t v e r y m o i s t . P e r m h a s a n a r e a o f 7 2 0 s q u a r e m e t e r s . m i l e s . T h e c i t y s t r e t c h e s a l o n g t h e K a m a t o 6 5 k m . I n t h e C o m m o n w e a l t h o f I n d e p e n d e n t S t a t e s P e r m s e c o n d i n s i z e o n l y t o M o s c o w a n d K i e v .
P o p u l a t i o n : 1 , 0 0 0 , 1 0 0 p e o p l e
R i v e r s t a t i o n , r a i l w a y s t a t i o n P e r m P e r m I a n d I I , l a r g e a i r p o r t s a n d B a h a r e v k a S a v i n o i s a " g a t e w a y " c i t i e s . P e r m - o n e o f t h e l a r g e s t i n d u s t r i a l , s c i e n t i f i c a n d c u l t u r a l c e n t e r s o f o u r c o u n t r y .
T h e c i t y o w e s i t s e x i s t e n c e t o V N T a t i s h c h e v ( 1 6 8 6 - 1 7 5 0 ) , w h o i s c o n s i d e r e d t h e f o u n d e r o f P e r m . H e w a s a f a m o u s f i g u r e i n h i s t i m e a s s o c i a t e o f P e t e r t h e G r e a t . T a t i s h c h e v w a s a p r o m i n e n t m i n i n g e n g i n e e r , h i s t o r i a n a n d g e o g r a p h e r . I n 1 7 2 3 h e w a s d r a f t e d a n d s u p e r v i s e d t h e c o n s t r u c t i o n o f E g o s h i h i n s k o g o s m e l t e r p l a n t a n d f o u n d e d t h e s e t t l e m e n t n e a r t h e r i v e r E g o s h i h i ( o r Y a g o s h i h i ) , a t r i b u t a r y o f t h e K a m a .
T h e n e w t o w n w a s n a m e d " P e r m " a n d b e c a m e a p r o v i n c i a l t o w n i n a c c o r d a n c e w i t h t h e d e c r e e o f C a t h e r i n e I I . I n 1 6 9 2 t h e v i l l a g e w a s o f f i c i a l l y r e g i s t e r e d B r y u h a n o v k a , l o c a t e d o n Y a g o s h i h e . I t m a y b e c a l l e d " m o t h e r o f " P e r m . I n 1 9 2 3 h e j o i n e d t h e P e r m U r a l r e g i o n , w h i c h w a s t h e c e n t e r o f E k a t e r i n b u r g . I n 1 9 3 8 t h e c i t y a c q u i r e d i t s p r e s e n t s t a t u s .
T h e o u t l i n e s o f P e r m a l t e r h i g h - r i s e b u i l d i n g s . O n e o f t h e m o s t b e a u t i f u l b u i l d i n g s o w n e d b y t h e b u i l d i n g o f t h e K a m a S h i p p i n g C o m p a n y ( t h e f o r m e r h o m e o f p a r o h o d c h i k a N . V . M e s h k o v a ) , w h i c h r e f l e c t s t h e a r c h i t e c t u r e o f t h e 1 9 t h c e n t u r y .
T h e m o s t i m p r e s s i v e m o n u m e n t s a r e a m o n u m e n t t o t h e h e r o o f t h e f r o n t a n d r e a r o f t h e p a r k - t h e e s p l a n a d e a l o n g t h e s t r e e t , L e n i n m o n u m e n t t o V I L e n i n K o m s o m o l i n t h e p a r k a n d t h e m e m o r i a l c o m p l e x i n h o n o r o f t h e U r a l s V o l u n t e e r T a n k C o r p s .
P e r m - o n e o f t h e c u l t u r a l a n d s c i e n t i f i c c e n t e r s i n t h e c o u n t r y . U n i v e r s i t y ( f o u n d e d i n 1 9 1 6 , t h e f i r s t i n t h e U r a l s i n s t i t u t i o n o f h i g h e r e d u c a t i o n ) , T e c h n i c a l U n i v e r s i t y o f i n s t i t u t i o n s : m e d i c a l , a g r i c u l t u r a l , p h a r m a c e u t i c a l , t e a c h i n g , a r t s a n d c u l t u r e . I n s t i t u t e o f P e r m S c i e n t i f i c C e n t e r , U r a l B r a n c h , R u s s i a n A c a d e m y o f S c i e n c e s a n d o t h e r r e s e a r c h a n d d e s i g n i n s t i t u t i o n s .
P e r m h a s l o n g b e e n k n o w n f o r m u s i c a l a n d t h e a t r i c a l t r a d i t i o n s . I n 1 8 0 6 i t h o s t e d t h e f i r s t m u s i c a l p e r f o r m a n c e i n 1 8 7 8 e r e c t e d a s t o n e o p e r a h o u s e i n 1 8 9 5 w a s o r g a n i z e d b y t h e t h e a t e r m a n a g e m e n t , w h i c h h a s h a d a p r i v a t e e n t r e p r i s e . N o w o p e n t h e a t e r s i n P e r m : O p e r a a n d B a l l e t T h e a t r e . P I T c h a i k o v s k y ( f o u n d e d i n 1 8 7 0 ) , D r a m a ( 1 9 2 7 ) , D o l l ( 1 9 4 0 ) , Y o u n g P e o p l e ( 1 9 4 5 ) . W o r l d f a m o u s b e i n g t h e P e r m B a l l e t S c h o o l ( C h o r e o g r a p h i c S c h o o l w a s f o u n d e d i n 1 9 4 5 ) . P h i l h a r m o n i c . C i r c u s . A r t G a l l e r y . N a t i o n a l H i s t o r y M u s e u m .
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