VIII. Explain the italicized grammar constructions in the following sentences.

1. The origin of the service goes back to the creation of a paramilitary organization to protect the monopoly of tobacco.

2. The primary duty of the Resguardo was to protect the monopoly that the State exercised over the tobacco, combatting smuggling since its trade was one of the primary sources of funds of the Spanish Royal Treasury between the seventeenth and the eighteenth centuries.

3. In 1954 due to the ineffectiveness of the service its duties were assumed by the Spanish Treasury who reorganized the service and created the Servicio Especial de Vigilancia Fiscal (Special Service of Fiscal Surveillance), made up of military and civilian personnel.

4. In 1982 the service was reorganized under the Servicio de Vigilancia Aduanera (Customs Surveillance Service) and its duties were broadened to include the investigation of economic crimes and the fight against illegal drugs, among other roles.

5. The force also has powers conferred by the Spanish internal revenue agency (Agencia Tributaria) regarding economic crimes, including the fight against corruption, fraud investigation in foreign trade and money laundering, among other roles.

IX. Make a summary of the text “Customs Service of Spain”.

X. Discuss with your partner the structure and the main tasks of the Spanish Customs Service in comparison with the structure and the main tasks of the Russian Customs Service.

Unit 2.3.

Brazilian Customs Regulations

Read the text to fulfil the tasks

Imports required to declare at the customs:

-Animals, plants, food, weapons, ammunition and some types of medicines (controlled substances);

-Goods which exceed the amount of $500,00; -Money in excess of US$10,000.00 (in cash, cheques or traveler’s cheques) or the equivalent in any other foreign denomination. Temporary Imports:

Travelers who are bringing into the country, for a short time, goods which will be taken with them out of the country, must also present to Customs authorities the DBA- duly filled out (article 23 of Normative Instruction 117/98). Please note that in some cases of Temporary Admission of Goods, a bank guarantee may be required by Customs authorities, whenever it is deemed by them that the nature, value or amounts of goods are not compatible with the purposes of the traveler’s stay in the country (Article 24 of Normative Instruction 117/98).

These instructions apply equally to Brazilians who are legal permanent residents abroad.

Animals and Pets:

According to the Brazilian legislation that regulates the entrance of animals in Brazil, the International Health Certificate (IHC) must be legalized by the Brazilian Consulate 7(seven) days from its issuance and the Pets must enter Brazil within 30(thirty) days from the date the IHC has been issued. This certificate of health examination must also receive a stamp from the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The veterinarian certificate must state: 1. the good health of the animal

2. the record of vaccines

3. that on the 40 days prior to the day of the trip, there was no contagious diseases occurring in the area.

Parrots and Parakeets:

- A Certificate issued by the local office of the USDA, stating that the bird is free of psittacosis.

NOTES: 1) All documents indicated above must be issued in the jurisdiction of the nearest Brazilian Consulate and must be legalized by the Consulate within seven days from the date of issuance.

2) There is a consular fee of US $20,00 per document. Sorry, but personal cheques will NOT be accepted. Money orders or cash only, please. 3) Please, send us a self-addressed, stamped envelope for the return of the documents. 4) Address of the United States Department of Agriculture (call to make an appointment):