Synthetic polymers and their application

Polymers are the dynamic part of industry, particularly plastics and fibres. A polymer is a substance consisting of molecules and characterized by its viscosity colour and by its softening points. Until recently it was thought that the properties of the polymers were determined only by the chemical structure of their molecules. Chemists after many years of research have established that the properties of polymers produced are largely determined by the pattern of their big molecules. The properties of polymers depend on their super-molecular structure.

Polymers just like metals can be alloyed, i.e. groups different in composition may be introduced into the structure of the polymers. A study has been made of possible variants of structural patterns of different polymers and of ways of devel­oping the required structures. This has opened up the possibility for developing substances with scheduled properties.

High molecular compounds possessing a great variety of valuable properties, they can therefore be used in a wide range of things.

The main concern of researchers and engineers is to improve the quality of mass produced goods.

The so-called «aging» of material is a result of deterioration in the properties of polymers due to chemical and physical changes caused by the effect of light, heat and humidity. Many laboratories are conducting research to prevent these processes.

Задание 12. Исправьте предложения на основе текста.

1. The metals can be alloyed but the polymers cannot.

2 It is impossible to develop polymeric substances with the scheduled properties.

3 The so-called "aging" of the polymers is due to chemical and physical changes

Контрольное задание № 2 Вариант № 3

Задание I. Перепишите предложения, подчеркните сказуемое главного предложения и определите видо-временную форму и залог глагола. (Напри­мер, was going - Past Continuous Active от глагола to go).

1. Interesting results were obtained after a number of experiments.

2 Searching for ore with plants started a new trend in geology.

3 Later generations will regard Antarctica as the natural storehouse of food.

4. Modem science and inventions have made a great change in the tech­niques of exploration.

Задание 2. Перепишите предложения, подчеркните модальный глагoлы, переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Не was not able to give an account of his experiment.

2 We can give credit for the discovery to this group of people.

3 You should leam English as soon as possible.

Задание З. Перепишите предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на эмфатический оборот it is (was)... who (that) ...

1. It is the Royal Society that supported his project.

2 . It was Captain James Cook who was not only a great explorer but an astronomer as well.

Задание 4. Перепишите предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на перевод слов "it", "where".

1.It is not likely that people will use Antarctica as the natural storehouse in the immediate future.

2. There are many scientists who study this problem.

3. It is interesting for the man to learn.

Задание 5. Напишите предложения в отрицательной форме и переведите их

1. You often mentioned it in your lectures.

2 I have been studying French for 4 years.

3 She wants a cup of coffee.

Задание 6. Составьте предложение из следующих слов и переведите на русский язык.

the main centres, are, of the textile, Liverpool, region, and Manchester.

Задание 7. Прочтите, перепишите и закончите предложение, используя одно из слов в скобках.

Newspapers in Great Britain vary greatly in their ways of presenting .... (cost, news, cotton, weather, periods)

Задание 8. Прочтите текст, перепишите и переведите письменно 2, абзацы. Используйте словарь для нахождения значений новых слов.