Частные правила чтения английских согласных и сочетаний согласных

Буквосочетание bt – [t] - на конце слов

debt ['det]

doubt ['daut]

Буквосочетание ch – [k] – перед согласным

Chris [krIs]

Буквосочетание ch – [S] в словах французского происхождения:

machine [mq'SJn]

chute [SHt]

Буквосочетание ch – [k] в словах греческого и латинского происхождения

chorus ['kLrqs]

architect ['RkItekt]

scheme [skJm]

school [skHl]

chemistry ['kemIstrI]

chemist ['kemIst]

Буква g - [Z] – в словах французского происхождения,

оканчивающихся на ge

rouge [rHZ]

beige [beIZ]

barrage ['bxrRZ]

garage ['gxrRZ]

Буквосочетание gn – [n]

sign [saIn]

design [dI'zaIn]

Буквосочетание gh – [-] не читается внутри слов и на конце

eight [eIt]

light [laIt]

right [raIt]

high [haI]

weigh [weI]

sigh [saI]

Буквосочетание gh - [f] – на конце некоторых слов:

laugh ['lRf]

enough [In'Af]

Буквосочетание gh – [g] в начале слова

ghost [gOust]

ghastly [gRstli]

ghee [gJ]

Буквосочетание gu – [g]

guard [gRd]

guest [gest]

Буквосочетания lf, lve, lm, lk – l не читается

calf [kRf]

calves [kRvz]

palm [pRm]

talk [tLk]

Буквосочетание mb – [m] - на конце слов

comb [kOum]

bomb [bOum]

Буквосочетание mn – [m] - на конце слов

autumn ['Ltqm]

hymn – ['hIm]

Буквосочетание pb – [b]

cupboard ['kAbqd]

lapboard ['lxbqd]

Буквосочетание ph – [f] в словах греческого происхождения

phone [foun]

phase [feIz]

alphabet ['xlfqbIt]

telegraph ['telIgrRf]

Буквосочетание pn – [n]

pneumatic [njH'mxtIk]

pneumonia [njH'mOunIq]

Буквосочетание ps – [s]

psychology [saI'kOlqdZI]

psalm [sRm]

Буквосочетание pt – [t]

receipt [rI'sJt]

ptarmigan ['tRmIgqn]

Буква q используется только в сочетании с буквой u.

Буквосочетание qu – [kw]

quick [kwIk]

quite [kwaIt]

Буквосочетание qu – [k] в конце слов

technique [tek'nJk]

unique [jH'nJk]

Буквосочетание sc - [s] - перед e, i, y

scene [sJn]

science ['sQIqns]

scythe [sQID]

Буквосочетание stl – [sl]

castle [kRsl]

whistle [wisl]

bustle [bAsl]

Буквосочетание stm – [sm]

Christmas ['krIsmqs]

Буквосочетание sten – [sn]

christen [krIsn]

Буквосочетание cial – [S(q)l]

special ['speS(q)l]

commercial [kq'mWS(q)l]

Буквосочетание cient – [S(q)nt]

efficient [I'fIS(q)nt]

ancient ['eInS(q)nt]

Буквосочетание cei - [sJ]

ceiling ['sJlIN]

receive [rI'sJv]

Буквосочетание sion – [Sn] – после согласной

passion ['pxSn]

pension ['peSn]

version ['vWSn]

Буквосочетание sion– [Zn] – после гласной

vision [vIZn]

decision [dI'sIZn]

illusion [I'lHZn]

Буквосочетание sure – [Zq] – после ea и ei

pleasure ['pleZq]

measure ['meZq]

leisure ['leZq]

Буквосочетание sure – [Sq] – после согласной

pressure ['preSq]

censure ['senSq]

Буквосочетание tion – [S(q)n]

action ['xkSqn]

operation ["Opq'reISqn]

nation ['neISqn]

Буквосочетание tur – [tSq]

century ['sentSqrI]

picture ['pIktSq]

nature ['neItSq]

Буквосочетание xion – [kSn]

flexion ['flekSn]

complexion [kqm'plekSn]

Буквосочетание xious – [kSqs]

anxious ['xNkSqs]

anxiously ['xNkSqslI]