5. Complete, using either Present Perfect or Past Simple.

1. Not long ago our dog ___ 2. Recently my boy-friend ___ 3. Over the last three years our neighbours ___ 4. Last week our tom-cat ___ 5. This week my mobile telephone ___ 6. All my friends ___ the last week. 7. The other day a very weird stranger ___ 8. Few girls ___ lately. 9. Nothing ___ wrong so far. 10. Something ___ just now.

Perfect or Perfect Progressive

retrospect = looking back and summing up
no progress	action in progress
It hasn’t rained for a month	It has been raining for a month
with some verbs naming states, not actions
no emphasis on progress	emphasis on progress
I have lived here for ten years	I have been living here for ten years

6. Translate into English.

1. Я никогда никого не ждала. 2. Я тебя жду уже 20 минут. 3. Я знала, что меня давно ждут. 4. К 2020 они проживут вместе 50 лет. 5. К 2010 они построят дом. 6. Она не знала как давно он здесь живет. 7. Мы были уверены, что все закончится к 3 часам. 8. Мы пожалели, что потратили так много времени впустую, простояли на платформе целый час. 9. Повсюду были лужи. Дождь шел всю ночь. 10. Я сердился, что прождал ее два часа, а она так и не пришла. 11. Ты в последнее время много куришь. 12. Что ты читал в последнее время? 13. Она пожаловалась, что совсем не спала. 14. Снега давно не было. 15. В последнее время часто идет снег?

Present Perfect or Past Perfect

retrospect: looking back and summing up
retrospect from the present moment	retrospect from some past moment
I have never been to London.	I knew she had never been to London.

7. Complete, using Present or Past Perfect (Progressive).

1. Mountaineering is dangerous. Few people ___ 2. They reported yesterday that several climbers ___ 3. I enjoy cooking. So far all my friends ___ 4. We tasted the meat and asked who ___ 5. I got a bunch of flowers yesterday. I wondered who ___ 6. He sighed and sighed, like a man who ___ 7. I have learned that the post ___ 8. The cat was exhausted, the whole night it ___ 9. Look at the hamster! It ___ 10. For at least two weeks I ___.

Progressive or Perfect Progressive

an action in progress
around you at the moment indicated	behind you for some time up to the moment indicated
I’m going in for boxing now.	I’ve been going in for boxing for a week.
We realized she was crying. (tears running down her cheeks)	We realized she had been crying. (dry but swollen eyes)

8. Choose the correct variant from the brackets.

1. We had to wait because they ___ still ___ the suit. (were ironing/ had been ironing) 2. When we came they ___ already ___ dinner. (were having/ had been having) 3. We ___ (were walking/ had been walking) in silence when we heard a loud cry. 4. I ___ (was waiting/ had been waiting) for several hours when the telephone rang after all. 5. She looked around and saw that a car ___ (was parking/ had been parking in front of her house. 6. They informed me that they ___ (were trying/ had been trying) to trace the criminal since the day of the murder. 7. Last Sunday I ___ (was lying/ had been lying) in the sun all day long.

Simple	Progressive	Perfect	Perfect Progressive
simple facts, simple or repeated, with exact time	actions in progress between the beginning and the end	actions viewed in retrospect, in close connection with the moment		actions in progress viewed in retrospect
She always helped people.	Oh, she’s helping you again!	She’s never helped me.	How long have you been helping her?