- •Module 4: space and time Part I “The Solar System”
- •Vocabulary Development 1
- •Translation 1
- •Presentation 1
- •Grammar 1
- •Part II “The Universe”
- •Cosmology quiz
- •Red-shift
- •The big bang
- •Part III “Space Exploration”
- •Task 3. Discuss in pairs
- •Task 4. Before reading, match the words with their definitions.
- •Mission to Mars
- •Mars-500 mission has already sent a few people to Mars.
- •Lead-In 4
- •Space Elevators
- •Module 4 Vocabulary List
- •Topics for speaking:
Space Elevators
Challenge of connecting a 1)_____________ to earth by cable is significant.
To support its own weight, and be securely 2)_____________ at each end, cable would need phenomenal strength-to-weight ratio.
How could vehicles be 3)_____________ into space, up cable?
Self-contained energy source problematic, due to 4)_____________ (heavy fuel or batteries required to power vehicle).
Two possible ways round problem:
First. Transmit electricity 5)_____________. But technique is only at 6)__________ stage.
Second. Solar power. But would only allow vehicle to 7)________________ slowly. Not necessarily a problem, as car could be controlled 8)_____________, allowing it to transport 9)_____________ unmanned.
Task 17. Some space elevator designs propose an offshore base station. In pairs discuss how such a system might work using words in Task 1. What advantages might an offshore base have compared with a land base (onshore)?
Listening 4.2
Task 18. James goes on to discuss offshore base stations. Listen to the talk and answer the following questions.
Vocabulary:
anchor – якорь
How would an offshore base station be supported?
What would the function of its anchors be?
How would payloads reach the base station?
What problem would a mobile base station help to prevent?
What would the procedure be if there was an alert?
Task 19. You are members of a space elevator research team designing a concept for offshore base stations. In pairs, analyze the notes below, discuss the questions raised in the notes, and think of some suitable solutions for the anchoring system and the propulsion system. At this stage, these should be overall concepts, not detailed designs.
Notes:
Anchors?
Propulsion?
Strong winds?
How to move the base fast?
How to stop the base and fix its position in water?
In deep water or near the cost?
Task 20. In small groups, take turns to give a short talk using your notes to explain how the systems work, in general terms. Imagine you are speaking to a small group of colleagues, including your manager.
Task 21. Write two or three paragraphs to summarize your talk.
Module 4 Vocabulary List
(inter)stellar
a crew
a plane (not an airplane)
anchor
apparent
applicable
approximately
as a whole
bubble
bulk
celestial
clockwise
considerable
counterclockwise
criterion (pl criteria)
current
drawback
dwarf (pl dwarves)
enormous
exceeding
excessive
far-farther/ further -the farthest/ furthest
feasible
giant
immense
large/small-scale
lunar
massive
objective
payload
preliminary
reasonable
recessional velocity
scattered (disk)
significant
solar
spacecraft
substantial
supernova (pl supernovae)
terrestrial
to account for (something)
to achieve your aims/ a target/a goal
to ascend
to attach
to be comprised of
to come to / draw a conclusion
to descend
to do, conduct, carry out research
to expand
to expose
to float
to orbit (smth)
to outweigh
to point to smth
to raise
to reach
to revolve
to rise-rose-risen
to rotate
to stretch
to take into account
to weigh up
variables