4. What values do you know?

A – moral, economic, political, social.

B – economic, political, social.

C – moral, economic, political, social, national.

D – moral, economic, international, political, social.

5. What is caveat emptor?

A – consumer law.

B – let the buyer beware.

C – legal agreement.

D – a person who buys goods and services for personal purposes.

6. What factors influence consumers?

A – advertising.

B – need of the product.

C – desire for the product.

D – possibility to buy the product.

7. The Consumer Product Safety Act, the Nutrition Labelling and Education Act and the Americans with Disabilities Act protect the consumer under:

A – federal law;

B – state law;

C – local law;

D – local and federal law.

8. What is necessary to do before buying?

A – Learn as much as possible about the product.

B – Read about various brands and ask friends for recommendations.

C – Make your purchase on impulse.

D – Read and compare warranties.

9. What is not wise to do after buying?

A – to inspect the product.

B – to read and follow the instructions.

C – try to fix the product yourself if you experience a problem with the product.

D – if the seller refuses to help, contact the product’s manufacturer.

10. What agencies and organizations can help consumers with complaints?

A – consumer groups.

B – Better Business Bureau.

C – media.

D – professional associations.

11. What civil remedies can be provided?

A – specific performance.

B – damages.

C – rescission and restitution.

D – jail term.

12. Small claims courts are

A – inexpensive.

B – slow.

C – complicated.

D – expensive.

UNIT 10. Door–to–Door and Telephone Sales

1. Complete the sentences, using the appropriate words from the box:

Cancel; deceptive; smooth talk; cooling-off period; legal; cautious; high-pressure.

1. Some door–to–door salespeople use … tactics and … to get you to buy things that you otherwise wouldn’t buy.

2. During “cooling–off” period consumers can notify door–to–door sellers in writing that they wish to … the contract.

3. Consumers should be … regarding sales offers made by tele­phone.

4. The … of three days does not yet apply to telephone sales.

5. Unless …, referral sales are generally ….

2. Are the statements true (+) or false (-)? Correct the false statements.

1. Most door–to–door salespeople are dishonest.

2. Many fraudulent schemes are conducted by telephone.

3. A telephone salesperson may not only fail to send what you order but may also make additional purchases using your credit card number!

4. A seller may convince consumers that they can save money by referring the seller to other customers.

5. The agreement usually provides savings to the consumer only if the potential customers do not buy the product.

UNIT 11. Advertising and the Consumer

1. Complete the sentences, using the appropriate words from the box:

Persistent; confuse; puffing; desire; exaggeration; prohibited; widespread; enforce; mislead; controversial; intrusive.

1. The United States has always been a commercial society; but in recent years, advertising has become more ….

2. Advertising has also become more … and ….

3. One of the most … types of advertising involves tobacco.

4. In 1972, tobacco advertising was … on radio and television.

5. Although ads can be helpful, they can also …, deceive, and ….

6. Ads try to create a … for products that consumers don’t really need or want.

7. Laws that prohibit false or deceptive advertising are difficult to …, and deception can take many forms.

8. The difference between illegal advertising and … may be small, so consumers should be on guard.

9. If an ad tends to mislead about an important fact concerning the product, it is illegal; but if the ad is merely an …, it is probably puffing and legal.

2. Are the statements true (+) or false (-)? Correct the false statements.

1. The United States has always been a commercial society; but in recent years, advertising has become less widespread.

2. Advertising has become more persistent and intrusive.

3. Courts have ruled that government may regulate but not prohibit certain types of adver­tising.

4. More people die from smoking each year than from AIDS, accidents, fires, homicides, sui­cides, and drunk driving combined.

5. Ads are always helpful, they never mislead, deceive, or confuse.

6. Ads try to create a desire for products that consumers don’t really need or want.

7. Cor­rective advertising means that the advertiser must admit the deception in all future ads for a specified period of time.

8. The difference between illegal advertising and puffing is vague.

9. If an ad tends to mislead about an important fact concerning the product, it is illegal; but if the ad is merely an exaggeration or a nonspecific opinion, it is probably puffing and legal.

UNIT 12. Ads that Appeal to Our Emotions