- •Introduction to the Computing……………………………………….5
- •Definitions.……………………………………………………………….45
- •Topics for Essays, Oral or Written Reports……………………….92
- •Introduction to the Computing
- •I.1 translate the following phrases.
- •I.4 Do you agree with the statements below? Correct the wrong ones.
- •I.5 Ask questions to each other.
- •I.6 Ask your fellow students some questions to each sentence.
- •I.9 a) Having read the dialogue above you should decide whether the following statements and suggestions are true or false. Change a false statement to make it true.
- •1. Prefix tables
- •I.10 Practise using underlined words with negative prefixes. Contradict the following statements in the same way as the example. Not all the words you need are in the table above.
- •I.13 construct words or phrases to replace the underlined words.
- •I.18 a) Translate the following into Russian, mind the prefixes.
- •7. Space / time the following units of measure are used to define storage and transmission capacities
- •I.19 match the words with their definitions.
- •*** Key expressions to be used in your own Dialogues
- •I.22 Do you know the difference? Translate the words below the table & put them in.
- •I.23 Do you know these words? Translate them…
- •I.24 decide what the prefixes mean in the following.
- •I.25 Fill in the gaps with the correct prefix from the box.
- •I.26 a) Fill in the table below with the words underneath.
- •I.29 match the beginnings & the endings (there are several definitions for some terms).
- •I.30 Ask each other questions using the above-mentioned terms.
- •This is a computer Prereading Discussion
- •Text 1a Computing & Computers
- •1.2 Read the international words.
- •1.4 Staying their part of speech, translate the groups of words of the same root. Find different ones.
- •1.5 Translate the sentences.
- •1.6 Translate the sentences.
- •1.7 Translate the sentences.
- •1.8 B) match the following underlined phrases with the hints below the line.
- •1.9 Translate the sentences.
- •1.10 Translate the following phrases, mind the attributive groups.
- •1.11 Define the predicate & translate the sentences.
- •1.14 Complete the sentences:
- •Text1b Computer
- •Dialogue1.16 Dramatize the dialogue. Give your opinion about having a computer at home.
- •Vocabulary ratings
- •10-14 Correct: Good 15-17 correct: Excellent 18-20 correct: Exceptional
- •1.17 The statements below were results of the survey comparing boys and girls. Match the beginning with the endings. Girls… Boys…
- •Word Power
- •Text 1Cb) Read & translate the article, render it, & discuss the problem. Computer Studies?
- •1.18 A) find in text 1d underneath the answers to the questions.
- •1.19 Express the main idea of the article above using the following.
- •1.20 Choose the definition to match the given terms.
- •1.21 Match the best term to the given definition.
- •1.24 Fill in the gaps using the words from the box below.
- •1.26 Say if these statements are true or false (correct the false ones).
- •Unit Two
- •Choosing the right meaning
- •Ability n. Способность; умение; 2. Дарования, способности
- •2.2 Translate the words of the same root.
- •2.3 Match the synonyms.
- •2.4 Translate the phrases.
- •2.4 Match the following with the hints below the line.
- •2.7 Translate the following.
- •2.8 Complete the sentences according to the text.
- •Dialogue 2.10 Dramatize the dialogue & make your own ones. Using portable calculators
- •Text 2b Prehistory
- •2.12 A) Translate the following words. B) Give some examples from the dictionary.
- •2.13 Match the antonyms (there may be more then two of them).
- •2.14 A) Match the synonyms (there are more than two of them).
- •2.15 Find the answers to the questions below in text 2c.
- •2.16 Match the beginnings & the endings.
- •2.17 Say if the following statements are true or false. Change the false into the true ones.
- •2.18 Make your own dialogue about the prehistory of mind tools.
- •2.20 Answer the following questions & add your own to make a dialogue according to the text read.
- •2.21 Put in the proper words from the box.
- •2.22 Translate the sentences, mind the underlined words.
- •2.23 Translate into English.
- •How Modern Are You?
- •Add up Your Score and Read the Analysis
- •The Analysis
- •Unit three Computer Generations
- •The evolutionofcomputersinterms ofgenerations.
- •If therewerenocomputerstheyhadtobethoughtout.
- •3.1 Choose the proper term for each definition.
- •3.2 Choose the proper definition for the term, & translate them.
- •3.5 Find antonyms for the following words:
- •3.8 Find Russian equivalents for the given below.
- •3.12 Ask your interlocutors
- •3.13 Match the beginnings with the endings.
- •3.14 Translate the sentences below, mind the underlined words.
- •Dialogue 3.15 Complete the dialogue. Basic units of a computer
- •Dialogue 3.16 Complete the dialogue. Computer generations
- •What does the term the Fifth Generation describe?
- •It describes … .
- •3.17 Define the parts of speech & translate these words.
- •3.18 Translate.
- •3.19 Find Russian equivalents to the following words & phrases.
- •3.20 Translate these sentences.
- •3.21 Translate these sentences, say if the verb to have is: a) notional, b) auxiliary, c) modal, d) a part of a set phrase.
- •3.22 Define the -ed form & translate the sentences.
- •3.26 Translate into English.
- •Computer Systems
- •Handle n. 1. Ручка, рукоять, рукоятка; V.T. 2. Трогать, брать; обращаться, справляться 3. Торговать;
- •Amount n. 1. Сумма; 2. Количество; V.I. 3. Составлять, достигать, быть равным / равносильным; сводиться к;
- •4.3 Put the nouns into the proper column, add their meanings.
- •4.4 Find English equivalents to the following.
- •4.5 Using a dictionary match synonyms (a - b).
- •4.6 Match the following with the hints below the line.
- •4.7 Match each component in column I with its definition.
- •4.7 Complete the table in your exercise books.
- •4.8 Guess or Match the following abbreviations with the phrases and meanings.
- •4.13 Add another word, abbreviation, or part of a word, to complete common 'computer' words and phrases given below.
- •4.14 Complete this text with the words from the box.
- •4.15 Do you remember the English terms for the following?
- •4.16 Make sure you know what these mean in English.
- •4.17 Arrange the following terms around the most general one.
- •4.18 Express the main idea of the article above using the following.
- •4.25 Translate the sentences.
- •4.29 State the function of the infinitive and translate the following.
- •4.31 Translate the following.
2.7 Translate the following.
1. When tested this digital computer showed the desired results. 2. When this computer was being tested it showed the desired results. 5. the computer tested showed good operation. 4. The engineer tested this calculation on a digital computer. 5. The calculations tested by a computer are always reliable. 6. Having tested the information got by the means of the latest model of the device the scientists were satisfied with the results. 7. After testing the device was put into service. 8. Having been tested the new train was put into operation.
2.8 Complete the sentences according to the text.
1. A digital computer is a machine which … . 2. An analogue computer is a machine which ... . 3. The essential difference between digital and analogue computers lies in ... 4. Digital computers are used more widely because ... . 5. A digital computer may be either … . 6. A special purpose machine is a machine which ... . 7. adata-processing system may be either … . 8. The "big brains" solves … . 9. … does only one job over and over again. 10. … cannot do anything else. 11. The first digital computer was probably … .
2.9 Give definitions to: 1) an analogue computer; 2) a digital computer; 3) the advantages of a digital computer over an analogue one.
Dialogue 2.10 Dramatize the dialogue & make your own ones. Using portable calculators
Computers are finding application in new fields of science, industry and engineering, aren’t they?
Yes, you are quite right, they are coming in our everyday life. A single chip can stand for a whole computer since it contains the processor, RAM, ROM, clock and I/O control unit. It is used for myriads of applications from automobiles to toys.
How do students use electronic calculators?
Thanks to the fact that these devices tend to be just a little larger than а package of average size cigarettes, the pocket calculators allow the students to solve different mathematical problems without going to a computing laboratory.
What operations can such calculators perform?
They can perform four basic mathematical operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division as well as raising to the power and square rooting.
How can the results be seen?
The meter control device displays the answers on an indicator scale in a flash as soon as the button is pressed. Such calculators can work either from standard electrical circuit or from an electric battery. Students use these calculators to solve problems of their research works and diploma projects.
2.11 Give English equivalents to the Russian phrases from the dialogue above: находить применение; повседневная жизнь; в области науки, техники и промышленности; карманный калькулятор; среднего размера пачка сигарет; немного больше; решать задачи; могут выполнять; позволяют студентам; не заходя; такие калькуляторы; нажата кнопка; также как и; четыре основные математические действия; сложение, вычитание, деление, умножение; возведение в степень, извлечение квадратного корня; на дисплее; показывает; счетно-контрольный аппарат; мгновенно; как только; могут работать либо …, либо …; обычная электросеть; батарейка; научная работа; дипломный проект.
Word power
Nouns: ancestor предок, прародитель; axe топор; cloth ткань, материя; descendant потомок; fossil окаменелость, ископаемое; hammer молоток, молот; loom ткацкий станок; pattern образец; precision точность; аккуратность, пунктуальность; screwdriver отвёртка; tool инструмент, орудие; virtue добродетель; достоинство, преимущество Verbs: to inherit наследовать, получать наследство; to preserve сохранять; to distort искажать, извращать; to consist of состоять; to trace back набрасывать, чертить; to contribute to жертвовать, сообщать, содейстовать; to persist упорствовать; to weave сплетать; to improve улучшать; to slide скользить. Adjectives: outstanding выдающийся; unreliable ненадёжный, недостоверный; insufficient недостаточный, ограниченный, неполный; decorative декоративный.
Word combinations: get along with уживаться; rather than скорее, чем; no one other than he никто кроме него; manual dexterity проворство, сноровка, ловкость рук; to come into widespread use стать широко употребляемым.
Guess the meaning: other than the parts of our own bodies; just as much as; human beings; our ape-like ancestors; in a tool-using society, count for more than brute strength; the clever rather than the strong inherited the earth; the tools of communication; are designed to serve; only quite recently, for the most part; as well; to aid our minds; in any way; the reverse is closer to the truth.