3.19 Find Russian equivalents to the following words & phrases.

some the same because because of, through both … and conceive then first of all hardware software requirement

и …, и затем тот же самый программное обеспечение требование прежде всего из-за некоторый, какой-нибудь потому что, так как внутренняя схема, аппаратное обеспечение, «железо» задумывать

3.20 Translate these sentences.

mind: that (those) тот (те), что, который, слово-заменитель

a) 1. The operation of that machine was described in the article. 2. Everybody knows that Ch. Babbage conceived the first computing machine. 3. The first computer that started work in 1944 wаs an automatic sequence controlled calculator. 4. Modern machines operate much quicker than those that were developed in 1950’s. 5. This is a large mainframe system, and that is a microcomputer.

b) match the following with the hints below the line.

1. That’s him! 2. Those are the boys I saw. 3. Those were the days! 4. What is that? 5. Who is that? 6. What’s that for? 7. That’s a nice mouse pad! 8. Look at that! 9. Just think of that! 10. That’s it! 11. That’s just it, I can’t swim. 12. it’s not that. 13. That is how the history of computers began. 14. That’s right! 15. He’s like that, never satisfied. 16. That’s all! 17. Don’t be like that! 18. That’s that, then: now we can go. 19. ... and that’s that! 20. … that is … 21. We talked of this and that 22. for all that, it’s a good machine! 23. The climate is like that of Britain. 24. ‘Did you beat him?’ — ‘That I did!’25. There were those who were opposite to the railroading in its early days. 26. It’s not so modern at that. 27. The device that I am talking about is the smallest. 28. I’ll take that one. 29. That much I know. 30. Would that it were not so! 31. This generation computers differ in that they are provided with new hardware elements such as semi­conductors.

Hints: *вот (это) он!; *это те мальчики, которых я видел; *вот это были времена!; *что это такое?; *кто это?; *кто говорит? (on the telephone); *это к чему (зачем)?; *какой красивый коврик!; *вы только посмотрите!; *вы только подумайте!; *вот именно!; *правильно!; так!; *в том-то и дело, что я не умею плавать; *не в этом дело; *вот как началась история компьютеров; *правильно!; верно!; *это уж точно!; *вот и всё!; *такой уж он человек — всегда недоволен; *ну, перестаньте!; *ну, всё, теперь мы можем идти; *...и ладно!; *мы говорили о том, о сём; *и при всём при этом он хороший компьютер; *климат такой же, как в Британии; *«Вы у него выиграли?» — «Ещё как!» *были такие, что были против ...; *кое-кто говорит; *вдобавок; *он не такой уж современный; *устройство, о котором я говорю; *я возьму вот этот; *это-то я знаю; *это всё, что я знаю; *кабы это было не так!; *… отличается тем, что … .

3.21 Translate these sentences, say if the verb to have is: a) notional, b) auxiliary, c) modal, d) a part of a set phrase.

1. A new automatic digital computer has been developed by the scientists of the Moscow University. 2. A computer is organized like a railroad system that has five main stations: input, storage, arithmetic, control units and output. 3. Computing machines in general had to perform arithmetic operations. 4. I have a personal computer. 5. I have got an up-to-date machine. 6. I have already had it for two weeks. 7. He has just had a shower. 8. They have to reboot their computers. 9. Have you got proper hardware for your work? 10. Do the students have to take off their coats when they are working in the computer laboratories? 11. Are they having dinner? 12. Before I was admitted to the University I had been working as a computer operator at a computing center for two years. 13. The center had had only mainframe computers at that time. 14. There had not been any minicomputers then; one machine had occupied a whole big-sized room. 15. They said they had never been to such a well-equipped University before. 16. Do you have to pay for your studies?