I. Match the synonyms

extremity chest spine shoulder trunk consist of coccyx thigh vertebral column

thorax limb becomposedof backbone hip spinal column body bony tail arm

II. Make up the words denoting parts of the body from the given sets of letters

hbmut

oet

thesc

eacf

ghiht

ghiht

dahe

tebverra

kluls

ringef

nahd

krunt

III. Change the sentences substituting the underlined words for their equivalents

1. The skull contains the maxilla and the mandible.

2. The thorax consists of 24 ribs and the breastbone.

3. The arm is connected with the trunk by the shoulder-girdle.

4. The spine is composed of the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral and coccyx vertebrae.

5. The hip is the part of the lower extremity.

6. The bony framework of the adult consists of more than 200 bones.

IV. Read the text. Feel the blanks with words given after text.

The Skeleton

The skeleton is composed of bones. In the adult the skel­eton has over 200 bones.

The bones of the ___1___consist of cranial and facial parts. There are 26 bones in the skull.

The bones of the trunk are the spinal column or the spine and the chest (ribs and the breastbone). The spine consists of the cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacral verte­brae and the_____2____.

The vertebra is a small___3___, which is formed by the body and the arch. All the vertebrae compose the spinal col­umn or the spine. There are 32 or 34 vertebrae in the spine of the adult. In the spinal column there are ___4____cervical vertebrae, __5____thoracic vertebrae, five lumbar, ___6___sacral vertebrae and from one, to five vertebrae which form the coccyx. The cervical part of the spine is formed by seven cervical vertebrae. Twelve thoracic vertebrae have large___7____. The lumbar vertebrae are ­­­­­_8_____verteb­rae in the spinal column. They have oval bodies.

The _____9___ is composed of 12 thoracic vertebrae, the ___10_____and 12 pairs (пар) of ribs. The breastbone is a long bone in the middle of the, chest. It is composed of three main parts. The basic part of the chest is formed by the____12______. On each side of the chest seven ribs are con­nected with the breastbone by____13______. The cartilages of three other ribs are connected with each other and with the seventh___14____. But the cartilages of these ribs are not connect­ed with the__15______. The eleventh and the twelfth ribs are not connected with the breastbone either. They are not connected with other ribs; they are____16___. Each rib is composed of a head, neck and body.

The __17_______extremity consists of the__18_____, leg and foot. It is connected with the trunk by the____19______. The upper extremity is formed by the arm, __20_____and___21____. It is connected with the trunk by the shoulder girdle.

The bones of the skeleton are connected together by the joints or by the cartilages and____22_____. The bones con­sist of organic and inorganic______23.

Thigh, breastbone, substance, bodies, twelve,pelvis, coccyx, forearm, five,bone, the largest,skull, breastbone, ribs, seven,rib, chest, cartilages, free, lower, hand, ligaments