
- •1. INTEGRATED AND AUTOMATED MANUFACTURING
- •1.1 INTRODUCTION
- •1.1.1 Why Integrate?
- •1.1.2 Why Automate?
- •1.2 THE BIG PICTURE
- •1.2.2 The Architecture of Integration
- •1.2.3 General Concepts
- •1.3 PRACTICE PROBLEMS
- •2. AN INTRODUCTION TO LINUX/UNIX
- •2.1 OVERVIEW
- •2.1.1 What is it?
- •2.1.2 A (Brief) History
- •2.1.3 Hardware required and supported
- •2.1.4 Applications and uses
- •2.1.5 Advantages and Disadvantages
- •2.1.6 Getting It
- •2.1.7 Distributions
- •2.1.8 Installing
- •2.2 USING LINUX
- •2.2.1 Some Terminology
- •2.2.2 File and directories
- •2.2.3 User accounts and root
- •2.2.4 Processes
- •2.3 NETWORKING
- •2.3.1 Security
- •2.4 INTERMEDIATE CONCEPTS
- •2.4.1 Shells
- •2.4.2 X-Windows
- •2.4.3 Configuring
- •2.4.4 Desktop Tools
- •2.5 LABORATORY - A LINUX SERVER
- •2.6 TUTORIAL - INSTALLING LINUX
- •2.7 TUTORIAL - USING LINUX
- •2.8 REFERENCES
- •3. AN INTRODUCTION TO C/C++ PROGRAMMING
- •3.1 INTRODUCTION
- •3.2 PROGRAM PARTS
- •3.3 CLASSES AND OVERLOADING
- •3.4 HOW A ‘C’ COMPILER WORKS
- •3.5 STRUCTURED ‘C’ CODE
- •3.6 COMPILING C PROGRAMS IN LINUX
- •3.6.1 Makefiles
- •3.7 ARCHITECTURE OF ‘C’ PROGRAMS (TOP-DOWN)
- •3.8 CREATING TOP DOWN PROGRAMS
- •3.9 CASE STUDY - THE BEAMCAD PROGRAM
- •3.9.1 Objectives:
- •3.9.2 Problem Definition:
- •3.9.3 User Interface:
- •3.9.3.1 - Screen Layout (also see figure):
- •3.9.3.2 - Input:
- •3.9.3.3 - Output:
- •3.9.3.4 - Help:
- •3.9.3.5 - Error Checking:
- •3.9.3.6 - Miscellaneous:
- •3.9.4 Flow Program:
- •3.9.5 Expand Program:
- •3.9.6 Testing and Debugging:
- •3.9.7 Documentation
- •3.9.7.1 - Users Manual:
- •3.9.7.2 - Programmers Manual:
- •3.9.8 Listing of BeamCAD Program.
- •3.10 PRACTICE PROBLEMS
- •3.11 LABORATORY - C PROGRAMMING
- •4. NETWORK COMMUNICATION
- •4.1 INTRODUCTION
- •4.2 NETWORKS
- •4.2.1 Topology
- •4.2.2 OSI Network Model
- •4.2.3 Networking Hardware
- •4.2.4 Control Network Issues
- •4.2.5 Ethernet
- •4.2.6 SLIP and PPP
- •4.3 INTERNET
- •4.3.1 Computer Addresses
- •4.3.2 Computer Ports
- •4.3.2.1 - Mail Transfer Protocols
- •4.3.2.2 - FTP - File Transfer Protocol
- •4.3.2.3 - HTTP - Hypertext Transfer Protocol
- •4.3.3 Security
- •4.3.3.1 - Firewalls and IP Masquerading
- •4.4 FORMATS
- •4.4.1 HTML
- •4.4.2 URLs
- •4.4.3 Encryption
- •4.4.4 Clients and Servers
- •4.4.5 Java
- •4.4.6 Javascript
- •4.5 NETWORKING IN LINUX
- •4.5.1 Network Programming in Linux
- •4.6 DESIGN CASES
- •4.7 SUMMARY
- •4.8 PRACTICE PROBLEMS
- •4.9 LABORATORY - NETWORKING
- •4.9.1 Prelab
- •4.9.2 Laboratory
- •5. DATABASES
- •5.1 SQL AND RELATIONAL DATABASES
- •5.2 DATABASE ISSUES
- •5.3 LABORATORY - SQL FOR DATABASE INTEGRATION
- •5.4 LABORATORY - USING C FOR DATABASE CALLS
- •6. COMMUNICATIONS
- •6.1 SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS
- •6.2 SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS UNDER LINUX
- •6.3 PARALLEL COMMUNICATIONS
- •6.4 LABORATORY - SERIAL INTERFACING AND PROGRAMMING
- •6.5 LABORATORY - STEPPER MOTOR CONTROLLER
- •7. PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLERS (PLCs)
- •7.1 BASIC LADDER LOGIC
- •7.2 WHAT DOES LADDER LOGIC DO?
- •7.2.1 Connecting A PLC To A Process
- •7.2.2 PLC Operation
- •7.3 LADDER LOGIC
- •7.3.1 Relay Terminology
- •7.3.2 Ladder Logic Inputs
- •7.3.3 Ladder Logic Outputs
- •7.4 LADDER DIAGRAMS
- •7.4.1 Ladder Logic Design
- •7.4.2 A More Complicated Example of Design
- •7.5 TIMERS/COUNTERS/LATCHES
- •7.6 LATCHES
- •7.7 TIMERS
- •7.8 COUNTERS
- •7.9 DESIGN AND SAFETY
- •7.9.1 FLOW CHARTS
- •7.10 SAFETY
- •7.10.1 Grounding
- •7.10.2 Programming/Wiring
- •7.10.3 PLC Safety Rules
- •7.10.4 Troubleshooting
- •7.11 DESIGN CASES
- •7.11.1 DEADMAN SWITCH
- •7.11.2 CONVEYOR
- •7.11.3 ACCEPT/REJECT SORTING
- •7.11.4 SHEAR PRESS
- •7.12 ADDRESSING
- •7.12.1 Data Files
- •7.12.1.1 - Inputs and Outputs
- •7.12.1.2 - User Numerical Memory
- •7.12.1.3 - Timer Counter Memory
- •7.12.1.4 - PLC Status Bits (for PLC-5s)
- •7.12.1.5 - User Function Memory
- •7.13 INSTRUCTION TYPES
- •7.13.1 Program Control Structures
- •7.13.2 Branching and Looping
- •7.13.2.1 - Immediate I/O Instructions
- •7.13.2.2 - Fault Detection and Interrupts
- •7.13.3 Basic Data Handling
- •7.13.3.1 - Move Functions
- •7.14 MATH FUNCTIONS
- •7.15 LOGICAL FUNCTIONS
- •7.15.1 Comparison of Values
- •7.16 BINARY FUNCTIONS
- •7.17 ADVANCED DATA HANDLING
- •7.17.1 Multiple Data Value Functions
- •7.17.2 Block Transfer Functions
- •7.18 COMPLEX FUNCTIONS
- •7.18.1 Shift Registers
- •7.18.2 Stacks
- •7.18.3 Sequencers
- •7.19 ASCII FUNCTIONS
- •7.20 DESIGN TECHNIQUES
- •7.20.1 State Diagrams
- •7.21 DESIGN CASES
- •7.21.1 If-Then
- •7.21.2 For-Next
- •7.21.3 Conveyor
- •7.22 IMPLEMENTATION
- •7.23 PLC WIRING
- •7.23.1 SWITCHED INPUTS AND OUTPUTS
- •7.23.1.1 - Input Modules
- •7.23.1.2 - Actuators
- •7.23.1.3 - Output Modules
- •7.24 THE PLC ENVIRONMENT
- •7.24.1 Electrical Wiring Diagrams
- •7.24.2 Wiring
- •7.24.3 Shielding and Grounding
- •7.24.4 PLC Environment
- •7.24.5 SPECIAL I/O MODULES
- •7.25 PRACTICE PROBLEMS
- •7.26 REFERENCES
- •7.27 LABORATORY - SERIAL INTERFACING TO A PLC
- •8. PLCS AND NETWORKING
- •8.1 OPEN NETWORK TYPES
- •8.1.1 Devicenet
- •8.1.2 CANbus
- •8.1.3 Controlnet
- •8.1.4 Profibus
- •8.2 PROPRIETARY NETWORKS
- •8.2.0.1 - Data Highway
- •8.3 PRACTICE PROBLEMS
- •8.4 LABORATORY - DEVICENET
- •8.5 TUTORIAL - SOFTPLC AND DEVICENET
- •9. INDUSTRIAL ROBOTICS
- •9.1 INTRODUCTION
- •9.1.1 Basic Terms
- •9.1.2 Positioning Concepts
- •9.1.2.1 - Accuracy and Repeatability
- •9.1.2.2 - Control Resolution
- •9.1.2.3 - Payload
- •9.2 ROBOT TYPES
- •9.2.1 Basic Robotic Systems
- •9.2.2 Types of Robots
- •9.2.2.1 - Robotic Arms
- •9.2.2.2 - Autonomous/Mobile Robots
- •9.2.2.2.1 - Automatic Guided Vehicles (AGVs)
- •9.3 MECHANISMS
- •9.4 ACTUATORS
- •9.5 A COMMERCIAL ROBOT
- •9.5.1 Mitsubishi RV-M1 Manipulator
- •9.5.2 Movemaster Programs
- •9.5.2.0.1 - Language Examples
- •9.5.3 Command Summary
- •9.6 PRACTICE PROBLEMS
- •9.7 LABORATORY - MITSUBISHI RV-M1 ROBOT
- •9.8 TUTORIAL - MITSUBISHI RV-M1
- •10. OTHER INDUSTRIAL ROBOTS
- •10.1 SEIKO RT 3000 MANIPULATOR
- •10.1.1 DARL Programs
- •10.1.1.1 - Language Examples
- •10.1.1.2 - Commands Summary
- •10.2 IBM 7535 MANIPULATOR
- •10.2.1 AML Programs
- •10.3 ASEA IRB-1000
- •10.4 UNIMATION PUMA (360, 550, 560 SERIES)
- •10.5 PRACTICE PROBLEMS
- •10.6 LABORATORY - SEIKO RT-3000 ROBOT
- •10.7 TUTORIAL - SEIKO RT-3000 ROBOT
- •10.8 LABORATORY - ASEA IRB-1000 ROBOT
- •10.9 TUTORIAL - ASEA IRB-1000 ROBOT
- •11. ROBOT APPLICATIONS
- •11.0.1 Overview
- •11.0.2 Spray Painting and Finishing
- •11.0.3 Welding
- •11.0.4 Assembly
- •11.0.5 Belt Based Material Transfer
- •11.1 END OF ARM TOOLING (EOAT)
- •11.1.1 EOAT Design
- •11.1.2 Gripper Mechanisms
- •11.1.2.1 - Vacuum grippers
- •11.1.3 Magnetic Grippers
- •11.1.3.1 - Adhesive Grippers
- •11.1.4 Expanding Grippers
- •11.1.5 Other Types Of Grippers
- •11.2 ADVANCED TOPICS
- •11.2.1 Simulation/Off-line Programming
- •11.3 INTERFACING
- •11.4 PRACTICE PROBLEMS
- •11.5 LABORATORY - ROBOT INTERFACING
- •11.6 LABORATORY - ROBOT WORKCELL INTEGRATION
- •12. SPATIAL KINEMATICS
- •12.1 BASICS
- •12.1.1 Degrees of Freedom
- •12.2 HOMOGENEOUS MATRICES
- •12.2.1 Denavit-Hartenberg Transformation (D-H)
- •12.2.2 Orientation
- •12.2.3 Inverse Kinematics
- •12.2.4 The Jacobian
- •12.3 SPATIAL DYNAMICS
- •12.3.1 Moments of Inertia About Arbitrary Axes
- •12.3.2 Euler’s Equations of Motion
- •12.3.3 Impulses and Momentum
- •12.3.3.1 - Linear Momentum
- •12.3.3.2 - Angular Momentum
- •12.4 DYNAMICS FOR KINEMATICS CHAINS
- •12.4.1 Euler-Lagrange
- •12.4.2 Newton-Euler
- •12.5 REFERENCES
- •12.6 PRACTICE PROBLEMS
- •13. MOTION CONTROL
- •13.1 KINEMATICS
- •13.1.1 Basic Terms
- •13.1.2 Kinematics
- •13.1.2.1 - Geometry Methods for Forward Kinematics
- •13.1.2.2 - Geometry Methods for Inverse Kinematics
- •13.1.3 Modeling the Robot
- •13.2 PATH PLANNING
- •13.2.1 Slew Motion
- •13.2.1.1 - Joint Interpolated Motion
- •13.2.1.2 - Straight-line motion
- •13.2.2 Computer Control of Robot Paths (Incremental Interpolation)
- •13.3 PRACTICE PROBLEMS
- •13.4 LABORATORY - AXIS AND MOTION CONTROL
- •14. CNC MACHINES
- •14.1 MACHINE AXES
- •14.2 NUMERICAL CONTROL (NC)
- •14.2.1 NC Tapes
- •14.2.2 Computer Numerical Control (CNC)
- •14.2.3 Direct/Distributed Numerical Control (DNC)
- •14.3 EXAMPLES OF EQUIPMENT
- •14.3.1 EMCO PC Turn 50
- •14.3.2 Light Machines Corp. proLIGHT Mill
- •14.4 PRACTICE PROBLEMS
- •14.5 TUTORIAL - EMCO MAIER PCTURN 50 LATHE (OLD)
- •14.6.1 LABORATORY - CNC MACHINING
- •15. CNC PROGRAMMING
- •15.1 G-CODES
- •15.3 PROPRIETARY NC CODES
- •15.4 GRAPHICAL PART PROGRAMMING
- •15.5 NC CUTTER PATHS
- •15.6 NC CONTROLLERS
- •15.7 PRACTICE PROBLEMS
- •15.8 LABORATORY - CNC INTEGRATION
- •16. DATA AQUISITION
- •16.1 INTRODUCTION
- •16.2 ANALOG INPUTS
- •16.3 ANALOG OUTPUTS
- •16.4 REAL-TIME PROCESSING
- •16.5 DISCRETE IO
- •16.6 COUNTERS AND TIMERS
- •16.7 ACCESSING DAQ CARDS FROM LINUX
- •16.8 SUMMARY
- •16.9 PRACTICE PROBLEMS
- •16.10 LABORATORY - INTERFACING TO A DAQ CARD
- •17. VISIONS SYSTEMS
- •17.1 OVERVIEW
- •17.2 APPLICATIONS
- •17.3 LIGHTING AND SCENE
- •17.4 CAMERAS
- •17.5 FRAME GRABBER
- •17.6 IMAGE PREPROCESSING
- •17.7 FILTERING
- •17.7.1 Thresholding
- •17.8 EDGE DETECTION
- •17.9 SEGMENTATION
- •17.9.1 Segment Mass Properties
- •17.10 RECOGNITION
- •17.10.1 Form Fitting
- •17.10.2 Decision Trees
- •17.11 PRACTICE PROBLEMS
- •17.12 TUTORIAL - LABVIEW BASED IMAQ VISION
- •17.13 LABORATORY - VISION SYSTEMS FOR INSPECTION
- •18. INTEGRATION ISSUES
- •18.1 CORPORATE STRUCTURES
- •18.2 CORPORATE COMMUNICATIONS
- •18.3 COMPUTER CONTROLLED BATCH PROCESSES
- •18.4 PRACTICE PROBLEMS
- •18.5 LABORATORY - WORKCELL INTEGRATION
- •19. MATERIAL HANDLING
- •19.1 INTRODUCTION
- •19.2 VIBRATORY FEEDERS
- •19.3 PRACTICE QUESTIONS
- •19.4 LABORATORY - MATERIAL HANDLING SYSTEM
- •19.4.1 System Assembly and Simple Controls
- •19.5 AN EXAMPLE OF AN FMS CELL
- •19.5.1 Overview
- •19.5.2 Workcell Specifications
- •19.5.3 Operation of The Cell
- •19.6 THE NEED FOR CONCURRENT PROCESSING
- •19.7 PRACTICE PROBLEMS
- •20. PETRI NETS
- •20.1 INTRODUCTION
- •20.2 A BRIEF OUTLINE OF PETRI NET THEORY
- •20.3 MORE REVIEW
- •20.4 USING THE SUBROUTINES
- •20.4.1 Basic Petri Net Simulation
- •20.4.2 Transitions With Inhibiting Inputs
- •20.4.3 An Exclusive OR Transition:
- •20.4.4 Colored Tokens
- •20.4.5 RELATIONAL NETS
- •20.5 C++ SOFTWARE
- •20.6 IMPLEMENTATION FOR A PLC
- •20.7 PRACTICE PROBLEMS
- •20.8 REFERENCES
- •21. PRODUCTION PLANNING AND CONTROL
- •21.1 OVERVIEW
- •21.2 SCHEDULING
- •21.2.1 Material Requirements Planning (MRP)
- •21.2.2 Capacity Planning
- •21.3 SHOP FLOOR CONTROL
- •21.3.1 Shop Floor Scheduling - Priority Scheduling
- •21.3.2 Shop Floor Monitoring
- •22. SIMULATION
- •22.1 MODEL BUILDING
- •22.2 ANALYSIS
- •22.3 DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS
- •22.4 RUNNING THE SIMULATION
- •22.5 DECISION MAKING STRATEGY
- •23. PLANNING AND ANALYSIS
- •23.1 FACTORS TO CONSIDER
- •23.2 PROJECT COST ACCOUNTING
- •24. REFERENCES
- •25. APPENDIX A - PROJECTS
- •25.1 TOPIC SELECTION
- •25.1.1 Previous Project Topics
- •25.2 CURRENT PROJECT DESCRIPTIONS
- •26. APPENDIX B - COMMON REFERENCES
- •26.1 JIC ELECTRICAL SYMBOLS
- •26.2 NEMA ENCLOSURES
|
page 308 |
SPEED |
Sets the speed of the manipulator |
STOP |
Terminate the execution of the program. |
TOOL n |
Set motions to be relative to a tool. |
WAIT <+/-> <IE,IG> <0-15> |
Wait for a certain input condition. |
OUTPUT <+/-> <OE,OGn> |
Opens and closes gripper or externally connected |
[10-32767] |
devices. |
10.2 IBM 7535 MANIPULATOR
• In general |
|
Degrees of freedom |
4 |
Maximum payload |
6kg (13.2 lb) |
Repeatability (based on constant temp., load, speed) +/-0.05mm (+/- 0.002 in.) |
|
Weight |
99kg (218 lb) |
Operating Temperature |
10C to 40.6C (50F to 106F) |
Humidity (based on constant temp. load, speed) |
8% to 80% |
• Theta 1 axis |
|
motion |
revolute |
Range |
0 to 200 degrees +/- 1deg. |
Resolution |
0.00459 deg. |
Low speed (note: this is set by a switch) |
|
max. speed |
700 mm/sec (28 in./sec) |
page 309
max. load Medium speed
max. speed max. load
High speed
max. speed max. load
• Theta 2 axis
motion Range Resolution
Low speed (note: this is set by a switch) max. speed
max. load Medium speed
max. speed max. load
High speed
max. speed max. load
• Roll axis
motion Range
Holding Torque
Maximum load centered on Z-Axis Maximum speed
Rotating Torque Max. load inertia
Resolution
• Z-Axis
motion Range
Maximum Payload Resolution
• Compressed Air
Maximum Pressure
6 kg(13.2 lb)
1100 mm/sec (43 in./sec)
6 kg(13.2 lb)
1450 mm/sec (57 in./sec)
1 kg(2.2 lb)
revolute
0 to 160 degrees +/- 1deg.
0.009 deg.
525 mm/sec (21 in./sec)
6 kg(13.2 lb)
825 mm/sec (32 in./sec)
6 kg(13.2 lb)
1000 mm/sec (39 in./sec)
1 kg(2.2 lb)
revolute
+/- 180 degrees +/- 1.5 deg. 35 kg-cm (30.4 in.-lb.)
6 kg (13.2 lb)
3.7 rad/sec (210 deg./sec. +/-5%)
14 kg-cm (12.2 in-lb)
0.1 kg-m**2 (0.074 slug-ft**2) (Note: effects of off centre loads not considered, and lower maximum) 0.36 deg.
prismatic
75 mm (2.95 in.)
6.0 kg (13.2 lb) Not Applicable
6 kg/cm**2 (85 psig)

|
|
page 310 |
||||||||||
Conditioning |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Must be moisture free, as through a |
|||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
moisture separator, and filtered with |
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
regulator. |
||||
• The workspace is shown below, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
y |
||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
( 0, 650, 0) |
|||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
x |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
( –650, 0, 0) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
z |
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
) |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
( 650, 0, 0 |
|
|||
|
|
|

page 311
7535/7540 LINEAR Rate Values Available
|
|
Programmed Rate |
Arm speed at tool tip |
|
Straight line error |
|
||||||
|
|
|
mm/sec. (in./sec) |
|
mm (in.) |
|||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
1 |
60 (2.4) |
|
|
|
3.0 (0.12) |
|
|
|||||
100 |
(3.9) |
|
|
|
3.7 (0.15) |
|
|
|||||
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
140 |
(5.5) |
|
|
|
4.4 (0.17) |
|
|
|||||
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
180 |
(7.1) |
|
|
|
5.3 (0.21) |
|
|
|||||
4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
225 |
(8.9) |
|
|
|
6.2 (0.24) |
|
|
|||||
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
265 |
(10.4) |
|
|
|
6.9 (0.27) |
|
|
|||||
6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
305 |
(12.0) |
|
|
|
7.6 (0.30) |
|
|
|||||
7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
345 |
(13.6) |
|
|
|
8.4 (0.33) |
|
|
|||||
8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
385 |
(15.2) |
|
|
|
9.3 (0.37) |
|
|
|||||
9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
430 |
(16.9) |
|
|
|
10.0 (0.39) |
|
|
|||||
10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
430 |
(16.9) |
|
|
|
11.5 (0.45) |
|
|
|||||
20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
430 |
(16.9) |
|
|
|
11.5 (0.45) |
|
|
|||||
30 |
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
430 |
(16.9) |
|
|
|
11.5 (0.45) |
|
|
|||||
50 |
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Exit linear speed and motion |
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
|
7535 Program Speed Values for PAYLOAD Command |
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Program speed values |
Speed of theta1 |
|
|
Speed of theta2 |
|
Maximum |
||||||
|
|
|||||||||||
|
|
|
at the tool tip |
|
|
at the tool tip |
|
payload for speed |
||||
|
|
|
mm/sec (in./sec) |
|
|
mm/sec (in./sec) |
|
kg (lb) |
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
300 (11.8) |
|
|
225 (8.9) |
|
|
6 (13.2) |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
500 (19.7) |
|
|
375 (14.8) |
|
|
6 (13.2) |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
700 (27.6) |
|
|
525 (20.7) |
|
|
6 (13.2) |
|
|
|
4 |
|
|
750 (29.5) |
|
|
575 (22.6) |
|
|
6 (13.2) |
|
|
|
5 |
|
|
900 (35.4) |
|
|
675 (26.6) |
|
|
6 (13.2) |
|
|
|
6 |
|
|
1000 (39.3) |
|
|
750 (29.5) |
|
|
6 (13.2) |
|
|
|
7 |
|
|
1100 |
(43.3) |
|
|
825 (32.4) |
|
|
6 (13.2) |
|
|
8 |
|
|
1200 (47.2) |
|
|
900 (35.4) |
|
|
3.5 (7.7) |
|
|
|
9 |
|
|
1300 (51.2) |
|
|
950 (37.4) |
|
|
2 (4.4) |
|
|
|
10 |
|
|
1450 (57.1) |
|
|
1000 (39.3) |
|
1 (2.2) |
|
|
||
0 |
|
|
Default to speed switches |
|
|
|
|
NOTE: Speeds in the table are for planning purposes only and are typical minimum values. Speed values only consider a single joint moving. Speed at the end of the arm is greater when multiple joints are used on a single move.