Учебное пособие ч.1 - 2008
.pdf. ! . #2 — /
! " 0 # #2 . !- # 0, ! # " .- # .-<, ! " 0 9 / 2 . # ! . . (.
C . " 0 6 ! #0 !-
! # 0 # . " . " ! 0 . 0 . :# . . " !-
.. F #2 0 . ! # 0 !-
#0 " ! 0 . 0 . :# . . C #0 ! # 0 ! / 0. ! , . 7 8
, #, ! ! "#, -
., !.
-/ . !-
. " 0 ! 0 . . " 2 !-
# :
( ), 9-
/ 87 ! # . . 1, . !-
. . 2 . 0 ! # #2 - ! #2 0 # " 0;
" " (F), #-
" ! # ! # #2-
, 87 # . ! / 0.;
% ! (Q), !-
#087 " # 0 ! 2 F ( ) #0 # 0 # . #;
(w), -
.7 # 0 # ! # 0 / 0 #2-
" . /, #, , .- # 8 ! 8 ..
. -
((), ! #087 " " 8 !- 8 # 8, 07 8 #2 " !-
. # ( "E .
. ! # 0 . !- # .), . 9 / 87 8
# . . 87 8 . 2
20
0 . " # ! . /. " 0 ! 0 . . ! #0 2 " " ! .!# " . ( ) # / # 8 ! 8 . -
#2 # . #, . 0 . " ! . 728 !, #, #2- . #2 ! . #2 . #.
. 0 . ! # 0 " !-
. ( ) A!)) —
. 9 /-
., . .! . -
. . ! # 0 (C) ! ! 0 0. . 0 . ! #- 0 ! . C C !#-9 ! ! # " ", !# ! ! #0 C. C . . / ! " 7 #0
. 8 ! ! #087 ! .. #0 " # #2-. #2 .- #.
C #0 C C " #0 0 -
2 ! # 0 # . ! / . !
2 !-# ! # 0, #8-
! # # ! !, !#, , #2, # #
! # 0 9 / 0 C. 2
! # 0 # . ! / . ! .-
. # #2 ! # 0 # .
" ., #8 0 . 6 ?, C # . ! . . #0., # #2 .
! # 0 #2-. #2 . . #0., .- #2 ! #2 ! . #2 . #. 2 !--# ! # 0 . .
! # 0 ! . ! ! 0 0, . . C.
. 0 . ! # 0 " !-
. " 0 .! C !- ! 0 0.
21
; . . # ! 9 / 0 " ! . «! 1 .». / !-
0 ! / 7 #0 0 ! 8
! . # ! <. ! -
" 0 ! /, < ! ., -
9 . / 8 ! " . .! / ! 0 < . ! ! 1-
2 2 9 . / 8 " . ! /, ! #2 " 0 ! / !-
. w . <, ! #2 0 : 9 . / 8, ! #0 !- . #2 # 0 #0 " ! 0 . . #2 "-
. . . #2 ! #2.
# 0 9 . / 0 ! #2 0 #0 !-
!# 0 / #28 ! . / ! / "- " ! . " 87 " 0, #-
! /, ! # #2 ! /, # " " . . < 9 . / 0, 8 2, ! #2- 0 #0 ! # 0 . . . "-
., . . 2 0, .
! . 728 ! . 1# " #
2 2 #, " 2 ., ! 2 # ! / " " . #-
., . 8 " " ".
" 0 0 2 " 0 7 #0- 0 ! / #2 . < ! ! . 9 . / 8 #2 ! . " 0 ! /-
, «#2 .» !# .. x #
. " # 0 !# !-
.. ", ! #2 ,
7 #00 . !#, # # 0 " ! / " 0, " ! 9 / # ! . #2 . ..
.0 " 7 #08 -
.; # ! : . " 0 ! / #2 0
. 2 -" 2 #, ! . 8 0 "-
. 87 0, #8 87 .
22
1 1 0 . #0 .. @ # ,
! " #2 . 1 7 #08 -
. #2 # 0 : ! !,
" #8" # "
. # 2 ! # 2 ! # !. ? . " ., #2 " #
0 ! # 28 ! . 87 . -
. " 0., ! E0 #0 . . # 8.
. 0 . ! # 0 C !- #0 " ., 2 ! #087 - 9 . / #8 !# 0, .0 ! "- ", 0 - # 8 9 . / 8, 7 8
! #087 ! .. , # . ! # 0 #-
. ! . #2 . " ., 9 . / 8
" # . !. 9 . / " !-
" ! . ! ! #087 ! .. #0 6, !
", ! #2 . , #,
., ! 9 . /-
9, 7 0 !-
! /, !# 9
! ! /.
; / #2 ! # ., " 0
1 07 0 ! . # 07 , -
# ., «"7 », ! #00 . 8 /, 0 ! . / #, - " 0 ! ., .0 2 / #, " # - # . 1 07 ! .. B !
. ! 0 ., , "
! . 0, # . 2 2
, " # "1 . " . 0 2,
# 0 " ! . " ..
0 . ! #- 0 ! #0 "E 0 2 ! # # . !-
. "E . # 2 ", . . !
! . ! / . / # .,
23
" . . :. . .-
2 2 .!# ! ! /, #8 0
! ! / # / .
1.4. ) . 2 . 9 2 6 2 0
() !")
! 0 ! . ! 0 ! 1 8 # " ! . 1#, 8 . - / !, 0 #0 0 1 ! #2 .
. ! 0. !
C ; . . 0 . - " " / ,
. !, ! #2
- ", 0 !-
..
1.4.1. & 3 3-/ 0 ) !"
2 () !") - : .!# . / ! 0, -
. 0 " . . ! # 0. ! -
/ # ## . ! / # (! #2 # - .), ! # 087 . ! (C? 22487). ' . # ., C ; — : .!# !-
.. -!! . / ! -
-#, ! ".
C ; — ! # ! . #2 ! 1. C ; 7 #0 0
! . .! / ! ! # 87 . - . "7 ! 1 0. ! / ! ! #2 8 0 9 . / " #- 0 # . 0 ! 7 .- !# . . /. ? # ! 0 C ; " 8 0 # 87 ! / !:
! #2 .!# . # 0;
24
. . . . -
#28;
! 0 ! 1 . .-
. # ! ! /, # . .
# #2 ;
" ! . # ! : !
0 ! 0;
! #2 9 . / " #0 - . ! / # !, -
#0 ! # 0 ! / . ! 0;
! . ! 0 .- !# / ! ! .. . ! .- /;
" ! . . #2 9 .- / , # " . "- # ! . 0, ! # 8 ! /- 9.
#2 . #0 0 ! # 28 .-
2 ! / ! 0, #2 . 0 #0 0 :9- 9 "7 ! #2 #0 <.
" #21 C ; ! 0 !-
! ! /, ! ! 1, !-
:# . !. < ! ! # 28 ! .# . #0
. ! # 0, ! # 1
" 9 . / . ?- . " ., :99 2 ! . 0 # C ;
. ! # 0 ! #0 0, ! , ! 28
/ 9 . / .
; #2 C ; . / ! -
0 9 / 0. . / 0 #-
! !. B . 0
C ; — ! . . !-
, #8 0 ! " .!#-
, # " 0, .!, . 7-
. !. '#0 : C ; # " 2 . 7
. / . # 0 " !
25
#, /; # "E 9 . :# . . (" ., . ! #0- ., # . !! .; . #2 -
! 0 ! .. " ! 0; - " # #2 .).
C . . 0. C ; 0 #08 0 !-
., "# 87 . . . .
. 0 #2. Q " C ; 8 #- 8 ! . ! . 2 C ;, " ! 87 8 ! # ! 1.
8 ! . C ; #08 !-
87 " # 87.
Q$ ! . ! ! # 0- 8 ! ! /. . . ! 87 !-
. . # 2 ! . . .-
. # 0 . "E, # 0
. /, . #,
! !#.
$ ! . " ! 8 9 /-
! 87 ! ., ! 2
8 . (# " #) C ;. ? !- . " # 87 . ! . . 0 #08 0 ! . ! # 0 ! . ., ! . "
! 0 ! .. " ! 0 CASE (Computer Aided Software Engineering), " 87 ! . #0 -
0 ! #2 #0. #, # C ;. C C ; ! # . ! . "-
# # ! 0 # " ! 0 C ;. 0 - #0 2 .2 " ! 0:
! (9), #8 87 # !!-
(<, ! 9 , .-
. / ", # 0, . #2 -
);
( ), "E 087 . .-
., . # # . #0 ! # 0 !-
0;
26
(Q), ! #0 . .!28 . ! ... C ;;
5 % (1), 07 @', .
! # 0 " . (C @'), #8 87 -
, ! #2 . ! !; . .,
0 ! 2 ! #2 . ! !
0 9 . / . 9 . C ;, @' . C @' " (@ ');
(V), . 0 . "7 0
. ! 7 . <, 0 . ! ..0
0 . ". . . . .
C ;;
( ), #8 87 # .-
! 0, 0 . .-
" !;
% ( ), ! #0 . 1 .
! 0., # . / 0. . -
. ., # . 87 . " ! ! !- 0 0.
1 8 "E ! 0 # 8 "E-
- ("E) "E-.
( ) ! .. ( "E . 0 !-
., ! # 087 # #2 ! ! / # ! /, ! .
"E ! 0. ( . 0 !-
., ! # 087 9 / ! ! / ! / (! ., 9 / ", 07
" ! . "E). . 0
.!, "E "7 #0 ! . / # 9 / " ! 87 9 / : ! ..
C ; . 1 #2 # ! . 1#-
! 0 #0 2 . 9 / #2, -
# ! 0.
8 . . # # -
. . CAE (Computer Aided Engineering, -
27
! " - 62W1). C . -
! 0 8 . . CAD
(Computer Aided Design, 26Q4 " – 26Q4 1). C . #0 0 ! !# ! #2 . -
# #2 (! #087 ! # #2 2 ! /, ! " . . ., !-
. 0, !, #0 . .) 8 0
CAPP (Computer Aided Process Planning, 26Q4 !-
! % - 26Q4 9Q,
! " – 62 9QQQ). -
# ! / #0 2 - # ! ! ! # 0 0 -
. CAM (Computer Aided Manufacturing).
C 7 8 C ; #0 "# — "
:# ! ", #2 ! 0.
1.4.2. ). CAD (Computer-Aided Design)
C . CAD (6 )
! #0 " # 8, 07 8 ! #2 .!28 . #0 "# 0 0, . 0,
# ! . / !. ? . " ., #8" 0 !-
.. , " 87 0 .!28 9,
#8" ! #, ! #2 . , -
0 . . . ! 0. ' . # ., . CAD ! 0
. ! .. #0 " 9 . . ! / #-
! # #0 # ! . /.
: . 0. . 7 8 0 ! .. #0 # !-
, .-/ , . # 0 . - . :# . # / #2 #. C . 0 0 9 / 0 CAD - ! # . -
/ (# . ., :# ., :#-
., !# .!.), ! #2 . 0 !-
#0 ! # 87 : ! / # !. '#0 : / # " ! #2 8 0 . " - " . . # 0.
28
! . : . " 8 0 . . -
. ! 0. @ # , . 0, !-
# 0 : ., . ! #2 2 0
#0 #2 1 ! / . CAE C. < " # #2 ! . 7 CAD, !- #087 : . 2 .0 7 2 # 1 ", 0 " . 28 ! #0 2 . 8 -
/ #0 , " 0 . ?- . " ., . 2, . .
" " . . .- # 0 0 #08 0 " # . .! . - . ! 0.
w ! # CAD - ., . .-
. # 0, " # #2 1-
: ! 0 # 2 3D-! #2-. # 0, ! . 0.
1.4.3. ). CAE (Computer-Aided Engineering)
C . CAE (6 )
! . ! #2 ! / #2 ! ..
" ! 0 #0 ! 0 # !
.! ", - ! # . . ! 0.
.. . 0 ! #08
7 #0 2 . . #, ! !-
. / 8 # !. ? / "# # #8 8 "0:
# ! 0 # " . . -
:# .;
# !# ! . . -
# #2 .;
# .;
. # . . .-
;
. # ! ! / (# 2, ! !.).
29