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Дисциплина: Теоретическая грамматика английского языка

Количество часов: 28

Из них лекций –14 часа

Семинарских занятий –14часов

План лекций

  1. Language Levels and Their Basic Units. (Part 1). The Basic Units of Morphology. The Theory of Oppositions. (Part 2).

  2. Lexico-Grammatical Classes of Words.

  3. The Noun and its Morphological Categories.

  4. The Article as a Noun Determiner.

  5. Some Theoretical Problems of English Adjectives and Adverbs.

  6. The English Verb and Its Morphological Categories. The Category of Tense, Aspect, Perfect. The Problem of the Category of Mood and Voice with English Verb.

  7. The Phrase Theory. The Sentence as the Basic Unit of Syntax. The Composite Sentence.

План семинарских занятий

Seminar 1. Sentence analysis. The basic assumptions

Sentence Analysis. The Simple Sentence.

I) Parts of Speech.

Nouns: can be common or proper, in the singular (plural), may be modified by the possessive.

Adjective: can be in the comparative (superlative) degree.

Adverb: can be in the comparative (superlative) degree.

Numeral: cardinal or ordinal

Verbs: tense, aspect, voice, mood, perfect, modality.

Verbals: forms.

Pronoun: - personal (in the nominative or objective case);

- indefinite personal pronouns (somebody, anybody) (may be modified by

the possessive)

  • reciprocal pronouns (each other, one another)

  • negative pronouns

  • reflexive pronouns (myself)

  • possessive pronouns (in the conjoint or absolute form)

  • demonstrative pronoun ((the) same, this, that, such)

  • interrogative

  • relative (I don’t know who is absent today)

  • defining (all, each, every, everybody, everyone, everything, either, both, other, another)

Prepositions

Conjunctions

Interjections (ah, oh, eh, bravo, alas, well, now, come)

Particles (just, else, solely, merely, barely, still, yet, only, quite, even, too, also)

Articles

Modal words (certainly, surely, of course, no doubt, apparently, undoubtedly, perhaps, maybe, possibly, probably, (un)happily, (un)luckily, (un)fortunately.

II) Members of the Sentence.

  1. Subject (notional, it: notional, formal, anticipatory, emphatic)

  2. Predicate (simple, compound nominal, objective, compound verbal modal, compound verbal aspect, mixed: compound modal nominal, compound aspect nominal, compound modal aspect)

  3. Object (may be direct or indirect)

  4. Attribute (prepositional or postpositional)

  5. Adverbial Modifier (of time, frequency, cause, manner, attending circumstances, purpose, result, degree, comparison, exclusion, substitution, condition, concession, place, direction)

  6. Parenthesis

  7. Quantifier (two boys, all the people)

  8. Intensifier (so much, too much).

III) General Characteristics of the Sentence.

  1. Simple or composite

  2. Definite personal/ indefinite personal (sb, sth, they say, people say)/ impersonal (It’s cold today)

  3. One-member or two-member (two principal members of the sentence)

  4. Extended or unextended. (Unextended sentences are those, which include the predicate and only obligatory members which express a complete thought. The sentence is extended if it includes one or more optional members).

  5. Declarative, interrogative, imperative. All of them may be used in the negative and affirmative form.

  6. The sentence can be modified by a secondary predicative construction of CO, CS, “for”- phrase, gerundial complexes, NA.

My uncle’s new house in the suburbs is known to have been built on the top of a sandy hill only 5 years ago.

It is a simple, two-member, definite personal, extended, declarative in the affirmative form sentence which is modified by a secondary predicative construction of CS.

The subject of the sentence is “my uncle-s house to have been built”. It is expressed by the CS in which the subject is “the house”. It is expressed by a common noun in the singular. It is modified by an attribute, expressed by the common noun “uncle” in the singular, modified by the possessive. “My” is an attribute to the noun “uncle”, expressed by a possessive pronoun in the conjoint form. “New” is an attribute to the Subject, expressed by an adjective. “To have been built” is a secondary predicate which corresponds to a SVP, expressed by a perfect, non-continuous active infinitive.

The predicate of the sentence is “is known”. It’s a SVP, expressed by the verb “know” in the present tense, passive voice, indicative mood.

In the suburbs” is an attribute to the Subject expressed by a common noun in the plural with a preposition.

on the top of a beach” is an AM of place expressed by a noun-phrase in which “top” is a common noun in the singular with a preposition. “of a hill” is an attribute to the noun “top” expressed by a noun in the singular with a preposition.

Sandy” is an attribute to the noun “hill” expressed by an adjective

5 years ago” is an AM of time, expressed by the adverb “ago”. “5 years” is a quantifier expressed by a common noun in the plural and a cardinal numeral.

Only” is an intensifier expressed by a particle.

The situation being tense, Dougal’s eyes were calculating his chance of coming to adequate terms with Trevor.

Seminar 2. Language Levels and Their Basic Units. The Basic Units of Morphology. The Theory of Oppositions. Lexico-Grammatical Classes of Words.

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