1. Give synonyms to:

proceed, assemble, separate, dice, solder, finally, environment, commonly, condition, arduous, flat, beam.

2. Give antonyms to:

connect, suitable, arduous, normal, cool, conductor, simple, inexpensive, together, before, first.

3. Match the words with their definitions:

preliminary compress, squeeze.

press initiatory, prior.

joint junction, connection.

attach arrange in classes or groups.

encapsulate add, append, fasten.

classify put into a capsule.

suitable right for the purpose or occasion.

5. Form the opposite of the following words by adding the negative prefixes un-, im-, in-, ir-, dis-.

usual, advantage, possible, direct, regular, dependence, employment, accurate, polite, rational, moral, expected, connect, practical, convenient.

6. Make up sentences with these expressions.

in adverse regardless of

be known as sort out

consist of provide with

I'd rather intended for

made of (from) according to

UNIT 6

Read and translate the text, reproduce it orally.

A rapid progress in microcircuit technology enabled the fabrication of LSI (Large-scale Integrated) circuits of a high packing density, but at a sacrifice in their versatility. It is the quest for versatility that has led to the development of a microprocessor (MP).

By the term microprocessor one understands a central part of the computing system, which consists of one or a few LSI circuits performing the functions of an operational arithmetic-logic unit and a control unit, both fabricated on one chip or a few chips. A microprocessor sequentially executes instructions (microinstructions) specified by the program for realizing a definite algorithm.

In the general case, an MP can perform the following: receive coded instructions; collect, process, store, and issue coded information; receive and issue signals controlling the operation of microprocessor and other circuits or specifying their state. The microprocessor, thus, performs the same functions as the processor of a digital computer, but executes fewer commands, from 50 to 100, and deals with shorter words, commonly comprising 8 or 16 bits.

Microprocessors find use in controllers, microcomputers, and microprocessor systems.

The controller is a digital automatic device which realizes a fixed or an adaptive algorithm. This control unit commonly controls peripherals or non-interacting devices according to a specified algorithm.

The microcomputer is a self-contained unit built around a microprocessor set and complete with a soft wave package and input-output channels.

The microprocessor system is a system based on microprocessor sets intended to perform computing, monitoring, and other functions.

At present microprocessors make the building blocks of airborne and ground computers. They service telemetering stations, control manufacturing operations and telephone sets, act as coordinate converters in the peripheral equipment of computing systems, execute standard programs and subroutines, and also find uses in optical recorders, medical equipment, commercial systems, etc.

Exercises