MY FUTURE SPECIALITY

I am a student of the Kiev Polytechnical institute. I study at the Physical Engineering Faculty. Our faculty trains specialists for different fields of metallurgy.

Metallurgy is a very important branch of national economy. The rate of the development of almost all branches of economy and the speed of scientific and technological progress largely depend on the quantity and quality of metals and alloys of metals. Metallurgy embraces a wide range of subdivisions and scientists conduct research in different directions.

Metallurgy is one of the oldest of arts but one of the youngest of sciences. Many of our metals were known in ancient times, but it is only within the last century that the knowledge of the properties of the metals has made it possible to apply them in any extended way for industrial purposes.

With the development of physics of metals, metallography, theory of heat treatment, and other phases of the science of metals, the field of metallurgy has broadened.

Metallurgy in this broader sense falls into three divisions: chemical, physical and mechanical. Chemical metallurgy includes the metallurgical processes involving chemical change and the methods of production and refining. Physical metallurgy deals with the nature, structure, and physical properties of metals and alloys. Mechanical metallurgy includes the processes of working and shaping metals - processes which do not involve chemical changes.

Our faculty trains engineers and research workers for such branches of metallurgy as foundry production of ferrous and non-ferrous metals, heat-treatment of metals, physics of metals and powder metallurgy. It is very essential that the engineer who is to be concerned with the selection of metals and alloys in industry should have fundamental knowledge in chemistry, physics, thermodynamics, dynamics and mechanics. He should know the nature of the physical and mechanical properties and characteristics of metals and alloys. The study of microstructure of metals by means of the electron microscope is very important. It is also necessary to study the techniques and processes of changing the physical properties of metals.

Our Institute has all necessary facilities to train good specialists. We have a lot of laboratories with the most up-to-date equipment. There we conduct our laboratory and practical works under the guidance of highly qualified teachers. We attend lectures delivered by the best professors and have practical training at industrial enterprises and research institutions. We also devote much time to independent study and reading: many students are members of student scientific society.

After graduation we'll have an opportunity to apply our knowledge at metallurgical enterprises to contribute to further growth of metal production in our country or we'll conduct research in metal science to improve quality of metals and alloys and to raise the efficiency of metal production. Many of us will combine their practical work with theoretical study and experimental investigations.

Task 1. Give Ukrainian equivalents to the following words and word combinations:

to train specialists, important branch of national economy, the rate of the development, the speed of scientific and technological progress, to depend on, quantity and quality, alloys, to embrace, to conduct research, ancient times, properties of the metals, to apply, industrial purposes, to broaden, to involve chemical change, to deal with, research workers, foundry production of ferrous and non-ferrous metals, heat-treatment of metals, physics of metals, powder metallurgy, to be concerned with, selection, fundamental knowledge, microstructure of metals, by means of, up-to-date equipment, laboratory and practical works, under the guidance, to attend, industrial enterprises, to devote, scientific society, graduation, opportunity, to contribute, growth of metal production, to improve, to raise the efficiency of metal production, to combine, investigations.

Task 2. Match the following words with their translations:

branch	якість
rate	засоби
quality	властивість
property	очищення
quantity	сплав
refining	підприємство
alloy	галузь
researches	кількість
enterprise	дослідження
facilities	темп

Task 3. Fill in the gaps with the words given bellow. Translate the sentences.

to conduct to attend to have to train to be to devote to have

The Physical Engineering Faculty 1_____ specialists for different fields of metallurgy. It 2_____ such departments as foundry production of ferrous and non-ferrous metals, special electrometallurgy, heat-treatment of metals, physics of metals and powder metallurgy. There 3_____ all necessary facilities to train good specialists at the Faculty. The students 4_____ their laboratory and practical works under the guidance of highly qualified teachers at the modern laboratories. They 5_____ lectures delivered by the best professors and 6_____ practical training at industrial enterprises and research institutions. The students also 7_____ much time to independent study and reading.

Task 4. Fill in the correct word from the list below and translate the word combinations. (Use the words only once).

a) depend on, b) way, c) different, d) society, e) production, f) fields,

g) up-to-date, h) metals, i) to conduct, j) heat, k) to devote, l) progress

1. different … of metallurgy	7. … treatment
2. scientific and technological …	8. the methods of …
3. largely …	9. properties of … and alloys
4. … research	10. … equipment
5. in … directions	11. scientific …
6. in any extended …	12. … much time

Task 5. Make the word combinations combining the words from column A with the words from column B and translate them.

heat	economy
chemical	metallurgy
national	properties
extended	works
ferrous	treatment
physical	society
research	microscope
powder	enterprises
foundry	changes
fundamental	production
electron	workers
practical	investigations
scientific	knowledge
metallurgical	metals
experimental	way

Task 6. Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and word combinations:

метали та сплави, якість та кількість, проводити дослідження, застосовувати, темп розвитку, ливарне виробництво чорних та кольорових металів, термообробка, фізика металів, порошкова металургія, механічні властивості, механіка, сучасне обладнання, відвідувати лекції, під керівництвом, промислове підприємство, покращувати якість, підвищувати ефективність, експериментальні дослідження.

Task 7. Divide the text “My Future Speciality” into the parts and give the title to each part.

Task 8. Imagine that you are speaking with someone who wants to become a student of Physical Engineering Faculty. What can you tell him/her about your future speciality?

Task 9. Make up a plan to the text “My Future Speciality”.

Task 10. Retell the text “My Future Speciality”.