Каушанская В.Л. - ответы

TOMSK POLYTECHNIK UNIVERSITY

R.N. Abramova, A.L. Botova

GRAMMAR COMPENDIUM

TEACHER’S BOOK

Recommended for publishing by the Editorial Board of the Tomsk Polytechnic University

Tomsk Polytechnic University Publishing House

2011

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МИНИСТЕРСТВО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ И НАУКИ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ

Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования

«НАЦИОНАЛЬНЫЙ ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЙ ТОМСКИЙ ПОЛИТЕХНИЧЕСКИЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ»

Р.Н. Абрамова, А.Л. Ботова

ГРАММАТИЧЕСКИЙ СБОРНИК

Книга для учителя

Рекомендовано в качестве учебного пособия Редакционно-издательским советом Томского политехнического университета

Издательство Томского политехнического университета

2011

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УДК 811.111’36(076.5) ББК Ш143.21-923.2

А16

Абрамова Р.Н.

А16 Грамматический сборник: книга для учителя: учебное пособие / Р.Н. Абрамова, А.Л. Ботова; Томский политехнический университет. – Томск: Изд-во Томского политехнического университе-

та, 2011. – 76 с.

Книга для учителя содержит ключи к заданиям и методические рекомендации по работе с учебным пособием «Грамматический справочник» авторов Р.Н. Абрамовой, А.Л. Ботовой. Кроме того, даются дополнительные пояснения и рекомендации по использованию и варьированию материалов данного пособия на занятиях и во внеаудиторной деятельности.

УДК 811.111’36(076.5) ББК Ш143.21-923.2

Рецензенты

Кандидат филологических наук, доцент ТГПУ

А.Ю. Казанцев

Кандидат исторических наук старший преподаватель ТГУ

К.А. Семёнова

©ФГБОУ ВПО НИ ТПУ, 2011

©Абрамова Р.Н., Ботова А.Л., 2011

©Оформление. Издательство Томского политехнического университета, 2011

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1.INTRODUCTION

1.1State the definition to each of the following parts of speech and the questions that this or that part of speech can answer.

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1.2 Discuss the position of each part of speech in a sentence.

In written English, the basic unit of expression is the sentence, and the words in a sentence are classified into ten word classes, which I have already described.

1.3 Identify the word class of each of the words in the following sentences.

1.A young with long black hair walked confidently across the room. art.\ adj.\ prep.\adj.\ adj. \n \v \ad. \ prep. \ art. \ noun

2.We often played dangerous games when we were children.

pron. \ adv. \ verb \ adj. \ noun \ conj. \ pron. \ verb \ noun

3.His old firm gave Sam a beautiful gold watch on his retirement.

pron. \ adj. \ noun \ verb \ noun \ art. \ adj. \ adj. \ noun \ prep. \ pron. \ noun

4.Catherine explained to me what the situation was. noun \ verb \ prep. \ pron. \ pron. \ art. \ noun \ verb

5.He bought a gift for his niece who lives in Australia.

pron. \ verb \ art. \ noun \ prep. \ pron. \ noun \ pron. \ verb \ prep. \ noun

6.That the match will be cancelled is now certain. deter. \ art. \ noun \ verb \ verb\ adv. \ adj

7.In spite of the fact that hotel prices have risen sharply, the number of tourists is as great as ever.

conj. \ art. \ noun \ conj. \ noun \ noun \ verb \ adv. \ art. \ noun \ prep. \ noun \ verb \ part. \ adj. \ part. \ adv.

8.Operations were difficult in the 18th century in those days there were no anesthetics. noun \ verb \ adj. \ prep. \ art. \ numeral \ noun \ prep. \ determ. \ noun \ part. \ verb \ determ. \ noun

9.Joy is engaged to a daring very attractive young Air Force pilot.

noun \ verb \ prep. \ art. \ adj. \ determ. \ adj. \ adj. \ noun \ noun

10.We have 60 % chance of winning the next election. pron. \ verb \ numeral \ noun \ prep. \ noun \ art. \ adj. \ noun

11.The material will be ready in ten days.

art. \ noun \ verb \ prep. \ numeral \ noun

12.We went round and round the town looking for the hotel.

pron. \ verb \ prep. \ conj. \ prep. \ art. \ noun \ non-verbal \ prep. \ art. \ noun

13.When I lived in London the postman usually delivered our mail at 7.

conj. \ pron. \ verb \ prep. \ noun \ art. \ noun \ adv. \ verb \ pron. \ noun \ prep. \ numeral

14.He could swim five miles when he was a boy.

pron. \ modal verb \ verb \ numeral \ noun \ conj. \ pron. \ verb \ art. \ noun

15.She asked her boss if she must work overtime.

pron. \ verb \ pron. \ noun \ conj. \ pron. \ modal verb \ verb \ adv.

16.Many people have been questioned and the owner of the stolen getaway car has been traced. quan. \ noun \ verb \ conj. \ art. \ noun \ prep. \ art. \ adj. \ noun \ verb

17.It is feared that many lives have been lost in the train crash.

pron. \ verb \ adj. \ conj. \ quan. \ noun \ verb \ prep. \ art. \ noun

18.Charles I was beheaded in 1649. noun \ numeral \ verb \ prep. \ numeral

19.They tried for hours but they couldn’t rescue the cat.

pron. \ verb \ prep. \ noun \ conj. \ pron. \ modal verb \ verb \ art. \ noun

20.Bill is only 9 months old and he is already able to stand up.

noun \ verb \ adv. \ numeral \ noun \ adv \ conj. \ pron. \ verb \ adv. \ modal verb \ prep. \ verb

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2.NOUNS

2.1State the morphological composition of the following nouns.

Simple – S; Derivative – D; Compound – C. Snow (S), sandstone (C) , impossibility (D), widower (D), opinion (S), exclamation (D), passer-by (C), misunderstanding (D), inactivity (D), snowball (C), kingdom (D), anticyclone (D), mother-of-pearl (C), immobility (D), might (S), warmth (D), succession (D), ex-president (D), nurse (S), misdeed (D), wisdom (D), blackbird (C), attention (D), policeman (C), merry-go-round (C), girlhood (D), usefulness (D), fortune (S), friendship (D), statesman (C), brother-in-law (C), population (D), fellow-boarder (C), smelling-salt (C).

2.2 Give the plural of the following nouns.

Face (faces), portfolio (portfolios), swine (swine), house (houses), tomato (tomatoes), hearth (hearths), mother-in-law (mothers-in-law), basis (bases), clergyman (clergymen), ox (oxen), cry (cries), key (keys), fox (foxes), downfall (downfalls), looker-on (lookerson), rock (rocks), bush (bushes), enemy (enemies), leaf (leaves), roof (roofs), genius (geniuses), hero (heroes), bunch (bunches), sheep (sheep), ship (ships), criterion (criteria), youth (youths), journey (journeys), penknife (penknives), man-of-war (men-of-war), loss (losses), datum (data), goose (geese), deer (deer), pie (pies), Englishwoman (Englishwomen), wolf (wolves), mouse (mice), formula (formulae), bath (bathes), volcano (volcanoes), possibility (possibilities), forget-me-not (forget-me-nots), foot (feet), handkerchief (handkerchiefs), thief (thieves), crisis (crises), stepdaughter (stepdaughters), birth (births), echo (echoes), finger-tip (finger-tips), court martial (court martial), joy (joys), mischief-maker (mischief-makers), extremity (extremities), spy (spies), lie (lies).

2.3 Use the appropriate form of the verb.

1."There is money in my pocket", said to the porte.

2.I know my hair is beautiful, everybody says so.

3.The works were his country, his home, his reason for being.

4.Means was easily found.

5. ...this watch was a special favourite with Mr. Pickwick, having been carried about... for a greater number of years than we feel called upon to state, at present.

6."Good", I said. "No one shall tell me again that fish have no sense with them".

7.The deer were ravaging the man's fields.

8.Money was so scarce that it could fairly be said not to exist at all.

9.I was here before the gates were opened, but I was afraid to come straight to you.

10.The papers were dull, the news was local and stale, and the war news was all old.

11.At Capracotta, he had told me, there was trout in the stream below the town.

12.The sugartongs were too wide for one of her hands, and she had to use both in wielding them.

13.Her hair was loose and half-falling, and she wore a nurse's dress.

14.The china was good, of a delicate pattern.

15.The nurse's wages were good.

2.4 Point out the nouns and define the class each belongs to.

1. Don't forget, Europe is still the heart of the world, and Germany the heart of Europe. (proper \ common-abstract\ common-class\ proper)

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2.His face was sick with pain and rage. (common-class \ common-abstract)

3.He drank coffee, letting the warmth go through his cold, tired body. (common-class\ common-abstract\ common-class)

4.The mysteries of storm and the rain and tide were revealed. (common-class)

5.By this time, quite a small crowd had collected, and people were asking each other what was the matter. (common-collective)

6.He was professor of physics. (common-class)

7.A band of dark clouds lay across the sky, and underneath it was the last pale brilliance of the evening. (common-class\ common-abstract)

8.The crowd laughed and moved, pushing every way and everybody. (common-collective)

9.A stone caught her heel. (common-class)

10.George suggested meat and fruit pies, cold meat, tomatoes, fruit and green stuff. (proper \ common-class)

11.The silver coloured carpet felt wonderfully soft beneath his feet, the furniture was of a golden wood. (common-class)

12.The moon was shining through the tree stems when they sat again side by side on the log seat. (common-class)

2.5 Explain the use of the genitive case.

1.For four months, since in the canteen she saw Jon's tired smile,(characteristic) he had been one long thought in her mind.

2.Agnes was at her wit's end. (regular use)

3....the Radicals' real supporters (relationship) were the urban classes.

4. They were to leave the house without an instant's delay (action) and go at once to the river's edge and go aboard a steamer that would be waiting there for them.

5."Where are the children?" "I sent them to mother's (relationship)".

6.That early morning he had already done a good two hours' work. (purpose)

7.Crime is the product of a country's social order.

8.I spotted the bride's father's (relationship) uncle's silk hat (regular use) on the seat of a straight chair across the room.

9.He was still thinking of next morning's papers. (purpose)

10.A man stepped out from a tobacconist's (purpose) and waved to them, and the car slid to the kerb and stopped.

2.6 Translate into English, using a noun in the genitive case where possible.

1. Давид провел две недели в Ярмуте у мистера Пеготти. (David spent two weeks in Yarmouth at Mr. Pegotte’s.) 2. Уезжая в Ярмут, мальчик ничего не знал о предполага-

емом (intended) браке своей матери. (Arriving to Yarmouth the boy didn’t know about his mother’s intended marriage) 3. После путешествия, которое длилось несколько часов, Пеготти с Давидом прибыли в Ярмут. (After a several hour journey Pegotte and David arrived in Yarmouth.) 4. Приближаясь к дому мистера Пеготти, Давид увидел детскую фигурку, стоявшую на пороге. (Approaching Mr. Pegotte’s house David saw a child’s figure.) 5. Дядя Хэм и тетя Эмили усыновили их, когда они были детьми. (Uncle Ham and aunt Emily adopted them when they were children.) 6. Пеготти с гордостью говорила о доброте своего брата. (Pegotte proudly spoke about her brother’s generosity.) 7. Двухнедельное пребывание в Ярмуте доставило Давиду большое удовольствие. (David had a pleasant two-week stay in Yarmouth.) 8. В присутствии

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