MODULE 1

THE PREDICATE/THE VERB

СКАЗУЕМОЕ/ГЛАГОЛ

Part I

Non-finite Forms of the Verbs

Неличные формы глагола

Неличные формы глагола, к которым относятся причастие настоящего времени (Present Participle/ParticipleI), перфектное причастие(Perfect Participle), причастие прошедшего времени (Past participle/Participle II), инфинитив (the Infinitive) и герундий (the Gerund) отличаются от личных тем, что не имеют категории лица, числа, времени и наклонения и не употребляются в предложении в функции сказуемого, хотя могут быть его частью.

Формы причастия

Tenses	Действительный залог Active Voice	Страдательный залог Passive Voice
Present Participle (Participle I)	asking спрашивающий	being asked будучи спрошенным
Perfect Participle	having asked спросив	having been asked будучи спрошенным
Past Participle (Participle II)	-----	asked спрошенный

Причастие настоящего времени (The Present Participle/Participle I)

Как структурный элемент сказуемого

Признак	Употребление	Примеры	Перевод
Ving	Для образования времен группы Continuous/ Progressive с “be”.	X be Ving am/is/are/doing was/were doing will be doing	делаю/делает/делаем делал/делали будет делать

Причастие прошедшего времени (The Past Participle/Participle II)

Как структурный элемент сказуемого

Признак	Употребление	Примеры	Перевод
a) Ved regular verb (r.v) b) 3 ф-ма глагола irregular verb (irr.v)	Для образования: a) времен группы Perfect с “have”. b) страдательного залога с “be”.	X have Ved have/has done had done will have done X be Ved am/is/are done was/were done will be done	сделали/сделал сделали/сделал сделает/сделают делается делалось будет делаться

1. В каждом ряду найдите причастия являющиеся частью сказуемого.

1) a) X is 1ng, 2ing the x the Xs are, X will be 3ing, Xs 4ing were, 5ing Xs are;

2. 6ing the x the X is, X was 7ing, While 8ing x the X is, X had been 9ing;

3. 10ing X is, X 11ing xed, Xs have been 12ing, Xs were 13ing, 14ing X was.

2) a) 1ed X is, X was being 2ed, As 3ed X will x, Xs 4ed were, Xs have 5ed;

2. When 6ed Xs x, X am 7ed, 8ed X xed, X was 9ed, X will have 10ed;

3. X is 11ed, Xs are 12ed, X 13ed xs, 14ed Xs x, X 15ed will x, Xs were 16ed.

2. Выделите речевые отрезки, в которых причастия являются частью сказуемого.

1. The scientists are inventing; the circuits had been inventing; inventing this technology he was; the device has been inventing; the engineer inventing it was; having invented this instrument they can; the designer will have been inventing.

2. If invented this system will; the robot has been invented; the circuit is being invented; the invented method must be; the engineer had invented; he used the invented instrument; the technology invented had to; the devices were invented; the scientists have invented.

3. Выделите предложения, в которых причастия являются частью сказуемого.

a) 1. We are becoming more open to other cultures simply because of the Internet.

2. The ammeter is a measuring device.

3. The importance of the scientific researches and discoveries is growing with every year.

4. I have been working at this problem since 2012.

5. Using the energy of the atom we produce electric energy at atomic power plants.

b) 1. We used all the methods recommended.

1. We have explored common forms of communication.

2. No electric charges have ever been observed of smaller magnitude than the charges of proton or electron.

3. When properly hardened steel becomes hard and strong.

4. The efficiency of a machine is determined by the ratio of the useful work performed to the total work expended.

c) 1. They will be making experiment the whole day long.

2. The problem has been studied for three years, but they haven’t got any result.

3. The results obtained disagreed with earlier data.

4. By 6 o’clock he will have been testing the system for 3 hours.

5. They were shown new laboratory equipment.

6. The bridge being built across the river is very beautiful.

7. The temperature of the liquid obtained remained constant.

8. Robots are helping research scientists to answer many difficult questions.

9. Having analyzed the properties of the substance they made some new conclusions.

10. Other automatic controller devices were being developed before the advent of industry standards.